Verbalizing spiritual needs in palliative care: a qualitative interview study on verbal and non-verbal communication in two Danish hospices

Denmark is considered one of the World’s most secular societies, and spiritual matters are rarely verbalized in public. Patients report that their spiritual needs are not cared for sufficiently. For studying spiritual care and communication, twelve patients admitted to two Danish hospices were interviewed. Verbal and non-verbal communication between patients and healthcare professionals were identified and analysed. Methodically, the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used, and the findings were discussed through the lenses of existential psychology as well as philosophy and theory of caring sciences. Three themes were identified: 1. When death becomes present, 2. Direction of the initiative, and 3. Bodily presence and non-verbal communication. The encounter between patient and healthcare professional is greatly influenced by sensing, decoding, and interpretation. A perceived connection between the patient and the healthcare professional is of great importance as to how the patient experiences the relationship with the healthcare professional.The patient’s perception and the patient’s bodily experience of the healthcare professional are crucial to whether the patient opens up to the healthcare professional about thoughts and needs of a spiritual nature and initiates a conversation hereabout. In this way we found three dynamically connected movements toward spiritual care: 1. From secular to spiritual aspects of care 2. From bodily, sensory to verbal aspects of spiritual care and 3. From biomedical to spiritual communication and care. Thus, the non-verbal dimension becomes a prerequisite for the verbal dimension of spiritual communication to develop and unfold. The behaviour of the healthcare professionals, characterised by the way they move physically and the way they touch the patient, was found to be just as important as verbal conversation when it comes to spiritual care. The healthcare professional can create a connection to the patient through bodily and relational presence. Furthermore, the healthcare professionals should let their sensing and impressions guide them when meeting the patient in dialog about matters of a spiritual nature. Their perception of the patient and non-verbal communication are a prerequisite for being able to meet patient’s spiritual needs with care and verbal communication.

The Role of Spiritual Communication and Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic

COVID-19 is undoubtedly among the main crises encountered by the healthcare system within the last century. Many people were in need and in search for any kind of support possible. In this period, spirituality had a critical role in keeping people optimistic about the future and to give them help overtaking this period. The church has shown a great involvement and had a great contribution in keeping an optimistic communication with the people who needed more than ever the presence of the spirituality and religion in their lives. Thus, the spiritual care and communication in this difficult time were a big help received by the people in order to overcome the pandemic and to be back to their normal and positive lives. The church had to face an unprecedented experience and had to adapt quickly in order to maintain its vital presence near the people in need.

TEACHING JAZZ IMPROVISATION TO A FUTURE VOCAL ARTIST: ITS ESSENCE AND SPECIFICS

The issues of teaching jazz improvisation to future vocal artists, especially theoretical and methodological aspects of their professional development in institutions of higher art education, have not been sufficiently studied. The matters of the essence and specifics of pop and jazz art, expressive means of improvisational mastery in vocal performance, the special nature of the relation between a composer and a performer, and the relationship with the audience become especially relevant. Vocal performance is one of the most important parts of jazz music. Both the first blues performers and many performers of the following decades – the period of New Orleans jazz, the era of swing, bebop and modern jazz – spark our interest. In addition to pronouncing the basic musical text, talented improvising vocalists have been using and continue to use scat singing till this day. The peculiarity of teaching jazz improvisation is also that it is a specific way of spiritual communication by musical means that can «say» more than words. It is a special concert genre that simulates a situation of direct spiritual communication, which occurs when two or more people related by a previously friendly relationship meet or during a meeting of people who have a sense of empathy between them. The specific features of a future vocal artist include combinatorial memory, imagination, fantasy, technical capabilities, and musical thinking, since the musician implements their spiritual and emotional potential in improvisation, operating with blocks of musical and artistic information during the jazz composition performance, combining them in different patterns, and thus finds the most complete, voluminous artistic embodiment of the improvisational idea. Vocal and jazz art is special in its manner, harmony, performance techniques, sound production, and orthoepy. Each style has its own professional performers whose artistic work presents the standard of the way the music sounds. Expressive means of improvisational technique in jazz are various, which is due to the specific features of variable jazz styles, individual performance style of vocal artists and the specifics of musical forms and genres typical of such technique.

Kecerdasan Komunikasi Spiritual dalam Upaya Membangun Perdamaian dan Toleransi Beragama

Setiap saat di setiap sudut wilayah negeri ini pemandangan intoleransi dan kekacauan, bahkan pengalaman dibedakan, diasingkan, direndahkan, dan ditiadakan (the other) mengisi perjalanan hidup bangsa ini. Entah berapa nyawa yang sudah melayang karena intoleransi dan diskriminasi. Penulis pikir perlu kiranya mentranformasikan kembali sebuah tatanan masyarakat “ melek komunikasi” yang didasarkan kecerdasan spiritual. Sehingga dapat disarikan bahwa pengertian “ Spiritual Communication Quotient” adalah suatu proses penyampaian pesan-pesan berbasis nilai-nilai Ilahiah melalui media-atau saluran-saluran tertentu dalam rangka untuk mendapatkan solusi bagi perwujudan perdamaian antarumat beragama di muka bumi. Adapun komponen Kecerdasan Komunikasi ini disarikan dari kandungan Al-Qur’an seperti: berbicara yang efektif (qawlan balighan) dalam QS.An-Nisaa:63, berbicara benar (qawlan sadiddan) dalam QS. An-Nisaa:9, dan berbicara baik (qawlan ma’rufan) dalam QS. Al-Imran:104, berbicara yang lembut (qawlan layinan) dalam QS. Thaahaa:44, berbicara yang pantas (qawlan maysuran) dalam QS Al-Isra:28, dan berbicara yang mulia (qawlan kariman) dalam QS. Al-Isra:23, dan sebagainya. Pendekatan SCQ ini harus diintegrasikan dan diimplemantasikan secara kafah dan istiqamah lagi agar tercipta perdamaian dan tatanan masyarakat yang penuh toleransi.

PRAYER AS A FORM OF MANIFESTATION OF A SPECIFIC SACRIFICE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE TEXTS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT PRAYERS-BLESSINGS)

The article studies a prayer as a special form of interpersonal religious communication, the distinctive feature of which is the involvement of representatives of different worlds in the communicative process: the sacred and the profane. The philological analysis focuses on the Old Testament prayers - the blessings of God addressed to the first people Adam and Eve, as well as to the Old Testament saints Noah, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. The study shows that the texts belong to the genre of prayer, as we have the relevant structural-semantic and functional features that identify it as text in this genre (the presence of the addresser and the addressee, the communicative goal; particular situation of communication; mechanism of text formation, etc.). The prayer of blessing is a form of expression of the specific victim, an example of which is the perfect love of God that caused the creation of the Universe and return the feeling of a man. Analyzing the biblical material, the author of the article comes to the following conclusions: 1) the divine word, the blessing is a manifestation of perfect love, through which covered not only the process of creation, but the creation itself; 2) appellative text directs the addressee to commit post-communistic action, which is directly connected with the implementation of the divine will, a manifestation of humility - certificate of perfect love on the part of the person; 3) the instrument of text formation prayers-blessings mechanism is deployed variable repetition; 4) the Old Testament model of prayer becomes a model of the textual organization of spiritual communication between God and man, man and God...

The artistic embodiment of the image of kazan in the works of modern russian and tatar poets

The article defines the functional role of key images, mythologemes and the means of artistic expression in the work of Russian and Tatar poets, which makes it possible to create an artistic image of. Kazan is also a legendary city with its own heroic past, it is also a cultural center, a university city, Kazan is also a city of meetings, and a city of spiritual communication. Renat Kharis metaphorically called "Kazan is a book" in the poem "Amirkhan Yeniki". This definition of the Tatar poet contains all aspects of the theme of Kazan image artistic embodiment because it fancifully combines images of poets of different times, melodies of composers, historical figures, legendary and mythological images (Shurale, nixie, etc.). The study results reflected in the article open up the prospects for the study of other universals in the poetry of the authors and other modern poets and can also be used for further study of local urban texts of Russian, Tatar and foreign literature.

The artistic embodiment of the image of kazan in the works of modern russian and tatar poets

The article defines the functional role of key images, mythologemes and the means of artistic expression in the work of Russian and Tatar poets, which makes it possible to create an artistic image of. Kazan is also a legendary city with its own heroic past, it is also a cultural center, a university city, Kazan is also a city of meetings, and a city of spiritual communication. Renat Kharis metaphorically called "Kazan is a book" in the poem "Amirkhan Yeniki". This definition of the Tatar poet contains all aspects of the theme of Kazan image artistic embodiment because it fancifully combines images of poets of different times, melodies of composers, historical figures, legendary and mythological images (Shurale, nixie, etc.). The study results reflected in the article open up the prospects for the study of other universals in the poetry of the authors and other modern poets and can also be used for further study of local urban texts of Russian, Tatar and foreign literature.

Literary Transmigration George Eliot, Harriet Beecher Stowe, and the Spirit of Transatlantic Exchange

Reading several letters from the eleven-year correspondence alongside Dred and Daniel Deronda, this paper argues that the model of transatlantic spiritual communication presented by Stowe and Eliot’s epistolary friendship takes on a new and potentially radical light when applied to the concept of a transnational and post racial spiritual community. Each text fundamentally challenges the ability of the realist novel to depict a nuanced understanding of racial identity through the use of spiritualist and religious discourse and imagery.

The Concept of ‘Truth’ in Historiographical Discourse from the Standpoint of the Socio-Communicative Approach: Categorial Meaning, Functions and Correlation with the Concept of ‘Verity’

The relevance of the research is caused by the growing trends of post-truth and post-journalism in the global communication context and the need to investigate the problem of truth as a social communication category of journalism. The study considers the concept of ‘truth’ and its correlation with the concept of ‘verity’, which is necessary for the relevant categorization of truth in social communication contexts (SCC). The object of the research is truth as a category, the subject is the semantic and functional field of the concept ‘truth’ which forms the category of truth and its social communication functions. The objective of the study is to identify the essential characteristics and functional properties of truth for its categorization and determination of the place and role in SCC and journalism. The source base consists of lexicographic sources and scientific researches. Methodologically, the research relies on the sociocommunicative approach, in the framework of which the method of historiographical analysis (with elements of semantic, conceptual and comparative analysis) was applied to explore the concepts of ‘truth’ and ‘verity’ in Ukrainian and Russian lexicographic sources and to compare them with relevant interpretations in English. Additionally, the method of synthesis was applied to identify the categorial characteristics and communicative functions of truth. The paper concludes that the concept of ‘truth’ primarily reveals natural ontological, axiological, and communicative characteristics that correlate with its metaphysical nature and has a broader variety of semantic and functional characteristics than the concept of ‘verity’. The evolutional transformation of the concepts ‘truth’ and ‘verity’ has been traced within ideological, historical, and social paradigms applaying the synchronic and diachronic analysis. The study emphasizes on the necessity to distinguish between Truth and different kinds of truths in social communication and journalism. It reveals that due to the loss of primary meanings and the priori functions, Truth has ceased to be an effective moral and value criterion as well as a choice criterion in social communication. The paper notes, however, that Truth continues maintaining its priori categorial meaning, which establishes its fundamental value as a basic category of social communication and a metacategory of journalism. Several hypothetical statements have also been made that require additional scientific researches; among them there is the assumption about the crucial role of spiritual communication in the self-discovery of Truth and its place in social communication.