Typological Particularities of the Newspaper “Literaturа Plіus”

The main objective of the study is to characterize the newspaper “Literaturа plіus” as an example of high-quality literary and art periodicals, to determine typological particularities of the newspaper. Methodology. The research was conducted using the following methods: historical and descriptive methods as well as analysis, synthesis, content analysis and generalization. With the help of these methods, the dynamics of changes of the newspaper “Literature plіus” were studied during the whole period of its existence, its content was analyzed and its comprehensive description was given. Results. The newspaper “Literaturа plіus” informed its readers about the new books, published the texts of Ukrainian postmodernists, and gave a qualitative analysis of the modern processes at the literary, cultural, and socio-political life of the country. The audience of the newspaper was the intellectual community of Ukraine that was open to critical dialogue and thirsty for change. The content analysis of the newspaper allowed ascertaining that division according to subject headings was formed according to genre-thematic principle. Its publication frequency was changed a few times. “Literaturа plіus” highlighted the following topics – the modern Ukrainian literature, the world literary process, the literary criticism, the book publishing, the concepts of literary theory, the problems of literary history, the feminist and gender studies, the phenomena of modern culture. The newspaper involved intellectuals in the debate of topical issues of literature and culture. Conclusions. The typological particularities of the newspaper “Literaturа plіus” were analyzed for the first time in the article. The author ascertained that focusing on the traditions and methods of the western studies throughout its existence, the newspaper “Literaturа plіus” showed a high level of literary criticism and was one of the most interesting literary and artistic magazines in Ukraine.

Crimean Journalistic Migration: Nature of Phenomenon and Characteristics (Survey Results)

The main objective of the study is to reveal the essence and characteristics of the Crimean journalistic migration process as a social phenomenon, that emerged after the occupation of Crimea in 2014 (the term “occupation” is used in accordance with the UN General Assembly Resolution 71/205 of December 19, 2016, which indicates “temporary occupation” of Crimea – ed.). The methodology of the study is based on the principles of studying the processes in the field of mass media as an integral part of general political and social life. The study was conducted using a variety of disciplinary methods of scientific knowledge of reality. A sociological questionnaire as general scientific method of empirical research was chosen as the main method. The methods of classification, generalization, observation, statistical calculation were used at different stages of the study. Since 2014 after occupation of Crimea the data on violations of the rights of Crimean journalists, activists, free authors, and bloggers have been introduced into scientific circulation. The survey was conducted among 49 Crimean journalists and media representatives, among whom 43 participants lived in mainland Ukraine and 6 – in Crimea. For security reasons and to prevent pressure on journalists, the survey was anonymous and the journalist had the right not to provide personal data at his/her own request. The study represents the opinion and position of a separate group of Crimean journalists who performed professional duties in Crimea during the events of 2014. Due to objective reasons, it is currently impossible to conduct a comprehensive sociological survey to determine the position of Crimean journalists. Results of the study. The results of the survey form an idea of the Crimean professional media circle, which representatives, being the people with active life and civic position, unbreakable principles in civic position and professional activity – were forced to leave Crimea, because they rejected de facto the changed Crimean statehood. The study of their individual “cases” provides a general idea of the process of Crimean forced journalistic migration that emerged after 2014. Due to systematization of information, a portrait of a modern Crimean journalist was created, who could not stay on the territory of the peninsula because of external forced circumstances. The answers received in the survey form an idea of the nature of persecution in the Crimea, focus on the forced transformation of the media landscape of the Crimea, changes in the journalistic environment, the destruction of the current information order. In our opinion, it is important that the survey results prove the existence of informational resistance from journalists and public circles in 2014, disagreement with the results of so-called “referendum” of March 16, 2014, refute the Russian propaganda messages about alleged expression of will and full agreement of the people of Crimea with a forced change of authorities.

Language Mask of a Social Network User as a Tool for Constructing a Multiple Identity

The main objective of the article is to analyse significance of the language mask for communications practices in social networks, its role in transformation of personal identity under the influence of network communication. In the study, we applied sociocultural and psycholinguistic analysis in the context of an interdisciplinary approach, as a synthesis of knowledge of social communication, psycholinguistics and cultural theory. In addition, critical analysis of media narratives and typology method have become an important toolkit. Summing up the study results, it should be noted that fulfilment of the universal human need for self-expression in anonymous conditions of network communication leads to a variety of different narrative masks in virtual discourse, which makes it difficult to create their unambiguous unified typology. However, it can be stated that creation of a linguistic mask is one of the important tools for constructing the identity of the author, who simultaneously appears as a marker of this identity. Today the existing typology of language strategies (event, analytical and artistic), in our opinion, should be supplemented by a visually oriented strategy, which is associated with the tendency of minimization of text formats and an increase of emphasis on the visual component. It is difficult to identify a separate strategy among ones that dominate in the modern network space, rather it is hybridity and a mixture of different strategies that generally corresponds to postmodern paradigm. In that regard, the interest in the phenomenon of multiple identity, when the network user creates not one but many language masks, becomes topical and relevant to the contemporary postmodern areas of research (actor-network theory). In this sense, identification of discursive levels (psychological, communication, philological) as meaningful discursive embodiments of narrative masks is relevant for future analysis, which different options of interaction can be used by the author to build a particular mask.

Organizational and Legal Formation of Local Public Audiovisual Media in Ukraine

The diversity of media means not only a variety of content and multiplicity of media owners, but also a variety of types of media. Together with the traditional models of public service and private commercial broadcasting, the community media emerged as the “third level” of media development, which contributed to strengthening the freedom of speech. This article examines the organizational and legal aspects of formation of local public audiovisual media in Ukraine, their compliance with the standards and principles of media legislation of European countries, and provides the examples of development of local public broadcasting in the world practice. In addition, the international standards for community broadcasting, on which legislative and regulatory bodies rely, are analyzed. The objective of the study is to analyze, to systematize and to generalize the basic legislative norms for formation of audiovisual media communities in Ukraine as a separate media institution along with public, commercial broadcasting and broadcasting abroad. The bibliographic method was used to study and to analyze the legislative documents. With the help of the systemic method, the community broadcasting as an integral system mass media was considered. The comparative method was used to compare the legislative regulation of activities of media communities, recommended by the Council of Europe and represented in the legislation of Ukraine. The article outlines the main provisions of the draft Law of Ukraine “On Media” No. 2693-d. Comparing the Ukrainian legislative initiatives with the European experience, the suggestions and proposals for improving the financing system and the program policy of community broadcasting in Ukraine are presented.

The Topic of the Holodomor of 1932 – 1933 on the Pages of the Newspaper “Ukrainian News”/“Ukrainski Wisti” (1945, Germany – 2000, USA)

The problem of restoring historical truth has always been relevant among Ukrainian political emigrants. The proof of that is the materials about the Holodomor of 1932–1933 on the pages of the Newspaper “Ukrainian News”/“Ukrainskі Wisti”. The objective of this study is to find out the subject and genre palette of materials about the Holodomor in Ukraine, the names of their authors, the significance of these publications in the general process of restoring historical truth both for the Ukrainian emigrant society and the process of civil society formation in Ukraine, as well as expanding the scientific paradigm of this issue through the little-known materials of emigration press. We managed to ascertain that 413 materials of different genres, which are directly related to the outlined subject, were published on the pages of “Ukrainian News”. The most essential method of achieving the objective was the analysis of materials of the newspaper “Ukrainian News”, which helped to identify the main components of the subject matter. Through this method, the publications of a significant number of authors on the same subject, as well as effectiveness of presenting their materials on the topic of this study were analyzed.

Mass Emotions in Social Communication as a Resource for Strengthening Mass Media Impact

Current research on the issues of social communications pay little attention to the problem of mass emotions, despite the effect of “implicit presence” of this phenomenon in social communications. Characterizing the crowd and mass audience, the author’s previous researches show the important role of mass emotions as a tool that unites people in social communications, induces a centrifugal force that reformats “collective soul” of the audience to the state of “public opinion” through communication apperception. The objective of the study is to determine the tools of the process of the audience’ emotional massification and the mechanisms of explicit or implicit provocation of mass emotional outbursts through mass media impact. The methods of observation, description, comparison, generalization were used to achieve the goal. The method of observation was used to select material for the analysis of social phenomena, where it was potentially possible to state the media impact on the audience. The method of description was used to characterize the trends and features of increasing impacts on the audience at the peak of political discourses. The main results and conclusions of the study is the existence of cause and effect relationship of mass emotions in social communications, their interaction with mass information, mass interpretation, which confirm the threefold nature of modern social communication.

Government Communications in Terms of Coronavirus Pandemic on the Example of Novi Sanzhary Events

The main objective of the article is to analyze an example of implementation of government communications in connection with the mass protest of residents from Novi Sanzhary, the urban-type settlement in Poltava region caused by evacuation of the Ukrainian citizens from Wuhan (PRC) on February 20, 2020. Through the comprehensive retrospective analysis of the government’s communication policy as well as the analysis of statements of government officials and local authorities in the media it was identified that the government communication policy became a major factor of mass protest in a pandemic. The government’s uncertainty in choosing the final medical facility to quarantine the evacuees and a lack of awareness among the government officials about socio-economic and demographic characteristics of Novi Sanzhary’s residents led to a deliberately ineffective communication strategy: 1) the residents of Novi Sanzhary were not properly informed about the specifics of means of coronavirus’ spread and lethality – it resulted in the government’s inability to predict the behavior and reaction of the locals to evacuation; 2) there was a lack of communication and coordination between the government’s officials and local authorities of Novi Sanzhary – this resulted in the opposition of local authorities to evacuation combined with their spreading of false rumors among the locals and their support of the protest; 3) the officials spread the false messages related to the protesters, that questioned their subjectivity and simultaneously politicized the protest. In addition, the government was unable to counter the leaks of confidential information in the social and mass media on the eve of evacuation, which minimized unexpectedness of the operation. Altogether, these factors led to the mass protest of Novy Sanzhary’s residents against evacuation of the Ukrainian citizens on February 20, 2020. The consequences of the protests impacted negatively on the international image of Ukraine. As a result, the article offers the certain recommendations aimed to improve the government communications in the terms of coronavirus pandemic in Ukraine.

Specifics of Research Papers Expertize Regarding Detection of Academic Dishonesty

The article deals with the difficult issue of plagiarism, self-plagiarism, falsification and other violations of academic integrity in the research papers, which an expert must identify. The objective of the study is to establish the specifics of scientific texts expertize for detecting academic dishonesty. To achieve this goal, we implemented an comprehensive approach, within which qualitative and quantitative methods were applied. The qualitative methods were used to study state regulatory documents, as well as internal regulations and regulations of the best universities of Ukraine in 2020 (according to the rating of the Center for International Projects “Evroostvita”); the reports of universities’ rectors. In the process of analysing, we used free coding of text segments, which can be identified as a guide/advice/specific to check the works for plagiarism. We used the quantitative methods to confirm the hypothesis about exclusive focus of universities on the percentage of originality (coincidences) of texts, as well as to establish a correlation of mentions of “percentage” and “plagiarism” as analysis units. The main result of the study is a number of tips and specifics that are worth exploring by the specialists involved in scientific texts checking in order to detect academic dishonesty.

Modified Phrases in Modern Media Headlines

The Ukrainian phraseology is constantly evolving; the obsolete and infrequent phraseologisms disappear, instead the new phraseologisms appear and the traditional ones are being updated, changed and evolved. At the same time, not only the component composition of phraseological richness of the Ukrainian language is being changed, but also the understanding of the concept “phraseologism”, which determines the relevance of our research and explains its objective – to ascertain which phraseologisms are used by the media in order to attract the reader’s attention and to find out the transformations that occur with traditional phraseologisms in the modern editions. Among the methods used to conduct the research, one can mention firstly the general scientific methods: descriptive method; analysis and synthesis; typologization. Along with general scientific methods, a modern methodology was used to study effectiveness of use of modified phrasemes in the modern media: a discourse analysis, which included the study of interrelations of the text or its unit with other elements and texts, dependence of the text on speech, social and political situation. The study also used a content analysis method aimed at collecting quantitative data about the phenomenon which allowed drawing the objective conclu-sions about the spread and use of phrasemes in the headlines complex. The article deals with phraseologisms as an actively used language trope in the modern print and online media. It has been found out that in the modern periodicals the phraseologisms become an effective tool for attracting the reader’s attention through emotionally-expressive component. The phraseme modification processes that contribute to the relevance of these language constuc-tions are analyzed. The phraseme modification techniques are investigated: complete or partial modification of semantics, adding author’s comment, spreading a phraseologism with the help of new components. It is determined that a large part of phraseme used in online media is formed as a result of transformation of traditional stable units through spreading their compo-nent composition, complete or partial modification of semantics.

The Architecture and the Pace of the Press-Marathon of the President of Ukraine V. Zelensky

The main schemes of architectonics, which is a structural base of television action, general outward form of construction and interrelation of its parts, their correlation to each other are determined. The pattern of application of archetypical principle of human perception of stories from Aristotle’s first works to use of communication technologies of proportionality of journalist’s text construction by contemporary TV reporters and screenwriters are researched. The novelty of the study is in an attempt to segregate clearly the notions of script composition from architectonics, the essence of difference of priority of the rhythm category namely for architectonics. The objective of the study is to determine the basic schemes of architectonics which is the structural basis of television action, the general appearance and interrelation of its parts, their correlation with each other. Such empirical research methods as observation, abstraction and analysis have been applied. The result of the study was the analysis of television scripts of various programs, definition of main components of architectonics – its beginning, middle and end parts, as well as presentation of structural diagrams of script architectonics. It is emphasized that the action in the scenario should be organized in such way that the dramatic tension curve and the viewer interest curve are being evenly raised from the beginning to the end of the spectacle. The scenario construction of a record-breaking press-marathon with the President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyi that took place on October 10, 2019 in the capital of Ukraine at Kyiv Food Market was first studied in the scientific literature.