Verbalizing spiritual needs in palliative care: a qualitative interview study on verbal and non-verbal communication in two Danish hospices

Denmark is considered one of the World’s most secular societies, and spiritual matters are rarely verbalized in public. Patients report that their spiritual needs are not cared for sufficiently. For studying spiritual care and communication, twelve patients admitted to two Danish hospices were interviewed. Verbal and non-verbal communication between patients and healthcare professionals were identified and analysed. Methodically, the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used, and the findings were discussed through the lenses of existential psychology as well as philosophy and theory of caring sciences. Three themes were identified: 1. When death becomes present, 2. Direction of the initiative, and 3. Bodily presence and non-verbal communication. The encounter between patient and healthcare professional is greatly influenced by sensing, decoding, and interpretation. A perceived connection between the patient and the healthcare professional is of great importance as to how the patient experiences the relationship with the healthcare professional.The patient’s perception and the patient’s bodily experience of the healthcare professional are crucial to whether the patient opens up to the healthcare professional about thoughts and needs of a spiritual nature and initiates a conversation hereabout. In this way we found three dynamically connected movements toward spiritual care: 1. From secular to spiritual aspects of care 2. From bodily, sensory to verbal aspects of spiritual care and 3. From biomedical to spiritual communication and care. Thus, the non-verbal dimension becomes a prerequisite for the verbal dimension of spiritual communication to develop and unfold. The behaviour of the healthcare professionals, characterised by the way they move physically and the way they touch the patient, was found to be just as important as verbal conversation when it comes to spiritual care. The healthcare professional can create a connection to the patient through bodily and relational presence. Furthermore, the healthcare professionals should let their sensing and impressions guide them when meeting the patient in dialog about matters of a spiritual nature. Their perception of the patient and non-verbal communication are a prerequisite for being able to meet patient’s spiritual needs with care and verbal communication.

Landscape and Divinity Spoken in the Same Breath

From where can we draw inspiration to cultivate an intimate sensibility into the spiritual nature of landscape, the foundation for designing gardens for meditation and healing? Through various spiritual lenses, this inquiry penetrates fundamental grounds for our subtle relationship with landscape. Beginning with excerpts of a private audience with His Holiness the Dalai Lama at Middlebury College, at which I present my proposed plans and designs for Milarepa Center in Barnet, Vermont, this inquiry looks into the profound links between spiritual inquiry and the practice of designing gardens, making design of landscape integral to a spiritual path, and the profound relationship between Landscape and Divinity. It is presented in three parts: (1) spiritual inspiration; (2) setting terms on the table; and (3) expressions of sacred landscape.

Iron Age Chariot Burials in Britain and the Near Continent

This book describes and compares the British chariot burials with contemporary chariot burials in northern Gaul, and argues that new burial rites were introduced in East Yorkshire in the third century BC through long-distance elite networks, most probably of a religious or spiritual nature.

The influence of morality on the personal life of an individual

The article analyzes the norms of the Constitution of Ukraine, civil, family and labor law in respect of their compliance with the moral foundations of society. Based on the analyzed materials, the author offers certain ap-proaches to improve Ukrainian legislation and principles of morality impacts on the personal life of an individual. The article deals with the violation of public morality in the Internet. The views of scientists the moral norms and their impact on the personal life of an individual have been analyzed. It is proved that law and morality have the functional purpose in common, they form the behavior standards, value and normative orientation of society. The positive novelties of the Law of Ukraine “On Protection of Public Morality” have been analyzed, as well as the gaps in it. It has been found out that morality is an important factor in the development of society and, as a form of social consciousness, has much in common with legal consciousness. Both morality and law are a set of relatively well-established norms, rules of human behavior, which are based on the notion of what is due and just. These norms are general and, at least formally, applicable to all citizens of society.It is studied that law and morality are based on the common socio-economic interests, culture of society,people’s commitment to the ideals of freedom and justice. They have a single spiritual nature, a single value core - justice. It is found out how the relationship between morality, religion and law in the context of familyrelations, their interaction, dynamics and development, how the interaction of morality and law can prevent domestic violence.

COPYRIGHT FOR THE PROJECT IN ARCHITECTURAL COMPETITIONS

Problem statement. Works of architecture, as objects of copyright, is one of the key industries on which the economies of the countries of the modern world are based. The importance of architectural activity for the harmonious development of society is unquestioning, both from the point of view of the development of projects and the creation of structures, the cultural value of which is of a spiritual nature, and due to the functional value of architecture, includes aesthetic, social and everyday components. Copyright in architectural works is an important form of protecting and enforcing the rights of architects and neglect of this right usually leads to litigation. There is a problem of awareness of copyright issues in Ukraine, both in architectural projects and in many aspects of architectural activities, in particular, the observance of the copyright of architects when their architectural projects participate in architectural competitions. The main objective. Research of architectural works submitted to competitions as objects of intellectual property rights, study and generalization of existing rules of participation of architectural projects in architectural competitions, legality of their use by competition customers and observance of copyrights of architects, including students and masters of architecture. Conclusions. The participation of architects in architectural competitions is an extremely important issue due to the copyright of both experienced and young architects, especially if the participants in the competition are students of architectural and construction universities. The complex of copyright on the result of his creative activity in the field of architecture arises from the moment of creation of the work (including the project), regardless of whether it was completed and published or not. After the implementation of the project, the author's rights to constructed buildings, structures and other works as objects of copyright also belong to the author, if they were not transferred under the contract, as well as taking into account the law on rights to objects created by the employment contract and to order. The copyright for the project belongs exclusively to the author (authors) and is protected in accordance with the Laws of Ukraine. As we can see, the judicial and legislative systems of Ukraine allow an architect (or other copyright owner) to protect his project and rights to it, to punish those who encroach on someone else's intellectual property and to bring violators to justice. Legal protection is equal for all participants of the competition and can help young architects not only to gain experience in project development, at different stages of the competition, but also in case of victory, to further participate in its implementation, subject to compliance with the rules and conditions.

Pembinaan Akhlak Menurut Syekh Az-Zarnuji Dalam Kitab Ta’limul Muta’allim

Abstrak Akhlak merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat menentukan jatuh bangunnya seseorang, bangsa maupun negara. Kejayaan seseorang, masyarakat, bangsa dan negara sangat tergantung oleh akhlaknya. Dengan akhlak yang baik seseorang akan mendapat kedudukan dalam lingkungan dan masyarakat, karena ruang lingkup akhlak bukan hanya sekedar sopan santun atau tata krama lahiriyah saja, seperti cara berbicara, cara bersikap dan bertingkahlaku sehari-hari. Tetapi akhlak tersebut juga menyangkut masalah yang bersifat rohaniah, yaitu terisinya hati seseorang dengan sifat utama, seperti bertanggung jawab, adil, sabar, pemaaf dan terhindar dari sifat yang merusak seperti sombong, irihati, dengki, dan lainnya. Tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui pembinaan akhlak menurut syekh az-Zarnuji dalam kitab ta’limul muta’allim. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah menggunakan penelitian kualitatif jenis studi kepustakaan (library research) dengan analisis isi (content analysis) atau analisis tekstual, dan metode interpretasi. Tujuan pembinaan akhlak menurut syekh az-Zarnuji, tidaklah sekadar diarahkan untuk kepentingan akhirat, tetapi juga untuk kebaikan atau kepentingan di dunia. Namun, kepentingan akhirat tentunya mesti diutamakan daripada kepentingan duniawi. Bahkan, ia secara tegas menyatakan bahwa menuntut ilmu untuk kepentingan duniawi, tidaklah boleh terlepas dari kepentingan akhirat. Dengan begitu, murid akan mendapatkan kelezatan ilmu pengetahuan. Abstract Morals are one of the factors that determine the ups and downs of a person, nation and state. The glory of a person, society, nation and state is very dependent on their morals. With good morals, a person will get a position in the environment and society, because the scope of morals is not just courtesy or physical manners, such as how to speak, how to behave and behave daily. But the morals also involve matters of a spiritual nature, namely the filling of a person's heart with main characteristics, such as being responsible, fair, patient, forgiving and avoiding destructive traits such as arrogance, jealousy, envy, and others. The purpose of writing this article is to find out the moral development according to Shaykh az-Zarnuji in the book ta'limul muta'allim. The method used in writing this article is to use qualitative research type library research (library research) with content analysis (content analysis) or textual analysis, and interpretation methods. According to Sheikh az-Zarnuji, the aim of building morals is not only aimed at the interests of the hereafter, but also for the good or the interests of the world. However, the interests of the hereafter must take precedence over worldly interests. In fact, he firmly stated that studying for worldly interests cannot be separated from the interests of the hereafter. That way, students will get the delicacy of science.

Professional Training Is An Incentive For Moral And Aesthetic Education

Each profession has its own characteristics, and the profession of a music teacher has its own secrets and requirements. The uniqueness of the professional competencies of the future teacher is reflected in the fact that they are aimed at enriching the inner world of students in the music sphere with spiritual values and content that are reflected in the works of musical art. Professional spiritual competences reflect the specificity and spiritual nature of the practice of musical pedagogy. Their formation is one of the most pressing problems inherent in the modern system of music education, and is a prerequisite for determining the effectiveness of the professional activity of a music teacher and his educational work with children.

Conscience as a higher moral capacity

The article is devoted to the psychological analysis of the concept “conscience”, which is considered in connection with the psychological model of spiritual capacities [the author’s previous works of 2010, 2016]. Conscience is described as a higher moral capacity related to the moral component/level of this model. The psychological frame of considering conscience within the psychological model of spiritual capacities allows emphasising its spiritual nature; explaining the dual nature of its manifestation – rationality/irrationality; showing its connection with higher meanings and absolute values, as well as spiritual and moral qualities, spiritual altruistic orientation, moral feelings and moral experience; noting its interaction with the higher capacities of all three components/levels of the model of spiritual capacities – moral, mental, transcendent. Conscience is interpreted as a regulator of moral behaviour, as a spiritual mentor, guiding a person on the path from the egocentric “I” to the spiritual “I”. Thanks to conscience, a person rises to the highest level of personality functioning – a spiritual one, at which it manifests itself as a spiritual personality, focused on the principles of absolute morality.

Self Actualization According to Bediuzaman Said Nursi (1877-1960) in Risale-I Nur

Bediuzzaman Said Nursi is one of the thinkers and reformers from Turkey who emerged as a figure of Sufism, the savior of faith and Islam in the 19th century. This research found a formulation of the self-actualization process that was different from the concepts of other scientists. According to Said Nursi, humans' self-concept consists of several natures: the rabbani nature, the nafsani nature, the spiritual nature, the physical nature, the tafakkur nature, and the tadhabbur nature. Some of these natures depend on the characteristics of the human soul journey, which cannot be separated from the fulfillment of worldly and spiritual needs and the ultimate need in the form of spirituality. Said Nursi's self-actualization positions as one of the alternative thinking frameworks based on the Koran, which goes through a four-step self-actualization process: through devotion to Allah by burying arrogance (abdun wa al-faqr), through the light of faith in God, through manifesting Asma-ul-Husna (Names of Allah) reflected in oneself, and by following the path of the Qur'an as the path of nature. Even Said Nursi repeatedly emphasized that every human being actually has the potential in the form of intrinsic faculties residing in his heart, soul, and intellect. Those popularly known as Al-Tafakkur, Tadhabbur, Al-'Ajz, Al-Fāqr, and Al-Shāfaqah are called spiritual innovations that lead to the development of tauhid to shape character and behavior towards perfect humans (Inshan Al-Kamil).