The Activation Energies and Optimum Temperatures of Olive Oil Hydrolysis By Lipase Porcine Pancreas

Lipase activity is a perfect indicator for the monitoring of processes of bioremediation of degraded soils. Lipase is also used in the processes of oil hydrolysis in wastewater treatment. To be able to predict and model processes with used lipase in environmental operations, knowledge of the kinetic parameters of the process are required. The paper presents the determined values of activation energies and optimum temperatures for porcine pancreas lipase. The parameters were estimated based on the literature of the activity curves vs. temperature for hydrolysis of olive oil by lipase. It was noticed that concentration of gum arabic added as an emulsifier during lipase activity measurements influences on the obtained values of determined parameters. A mathematical model describing the effect of temperature on porcine pancreas lipase activity was used. Based on the comparison analysis, the optimum temperature Topt were obtained in the range from 313.30 ±0.56 to 319.62 ±0.96 K, activation energies Ea were from 51 ±10 to 82.6 ±9.9 kJ/mol, and values of deactivation energies Ed were in the range from 122.7 ±4.0 to 150.9 ±5.8 kJ/mol.

Environmental Operations Review and Stakeholders’ Wealth of Extracting Firms: Evidence From Nigeria

The research surveyed environmental operations review and stakeholders’ wealth of extracting firms taking evidence from Nigeria. The purpose was to consider the effect and necessities of environmental evaluation toward enhancement and maximization of the wealth of the stakeholders of extracting firms obtaining facts from Nigeria. The survey methodology and ex-post-facto design were adopted and material pieces of evidence needed for the validation of the propositions made in the exploration were gathered from both primary and secondary sources, and appropriate statistical techniques were applied in examining the raw material pieces of evidence. The domino effect and findings exposed that environmental operations review is greatly connected to the stakeholders’ wealth in the extracting firms. Consequently, the elements of environmental operations review ought to be reflected in making a decision concerning stakeholders’ wealth of extracting firms because it is appropriate that establishments put up with their stakeholders’ wealth in the midst of environmental defies. Finally, as originality/value, it was advocated and backed that extracting firms ought to display facts on environmental costs in their financial statements. This is obligatory in ensuring that environmental overhead besides environmental conservation is guaranteed towards ecological and green nourishment and sustenance.

An Optimal Returned Policy for a Reverse Logistics Inventory Model with Backorders

Environmental responsibility plays a significant role in the firm’s agendas nowadays. In this paper, we address the environmental operations of reverse logistics. Here we developed an integrated supply chain model with coordinated production and remanufacturing due to time-dependent rates. To study the problem we consider the demand to be satisfied with newly manufactured (produced) and the remanufactured products, so there is no difference between manufactured and remanufactured items. The shortages are allowed and excess demand is backlogged as well. The returned items are collected from the end user to be remanufactured. Optimal expression is obtained for the acceptable returned quantity, maximum inventory level, production and remanufacturing scheduling period, and the total average cost. Illustrative examples, which explain the application of the theoretical results as well as their numerical verifications, are given. The sensitivity of these solutions to change in underling parameter values is also discussed.

BIOTECHNOLOGY IN COIR EXTRACTION & WASTE UTILIZATION

Coir, the fibre extracted from the mesocarp of the drupe of the coconut palm cocos nucifera is used for the production of beautiful products like mats, matting, carpet, handicrafts etc. (Table I) Coir suits very well for geotextiles and insulating materials and being environment friendly has an edge over synthetics for application in environmental operations.