“Close Enough”: Images of the Failure of the 1990s’ Political Transformation in Poland as Exemplified by Władysław Pasikowski’s Psy [Pigs] and Andrzej Żuławski’s Szamanka [She-Shaman]This article problematizes the Polish cinema of the 1990s by analyzing it in terms of the aesthetic of failure. Of crucial importance for that interpretation is the postcolonial perspective. Seen from this perspective, Poland of the political transformation period appears a land of unfulfilled dreams of being-like-the-West. One of the spheres where this is visible is the Polish cinematography of that time.Close enough – obrazy porażki transformacji ustrojowej w Polsce lat dziewięćdziesiątych XX wieku na przykładzie Psów Władysława Pasikowskiego i Szamanki Andrzeja ŻuławskiegoNiniejszy tekst problematyzuje kwestię polskiego kina lat dziewięćdziesiątych XX wieku w kategoriach estetyki porażki. Kluczowe znaczenie dla tego rozpoznania ma perspektywa postkolonialna, w której Polska czasów transformacji jawi się jako kraina niespełnionych marzeń o byciu-jak-Zachód, co widać m.in. w kinematografii tamtego okresu.
The author shows the contemporary political regime in Serbia, focusing on the role of the president and the party system. He traces Serbia's evolution in the last decade from non-consolidated democracy to hybrid regime or even non-consolidated authoritarianism from the historical experiences that shaped her political culture. He identifies the sources of autocratism and monism in her state, church and intellectual history. He compares Serbia with Croatia, which for twenty years is a non-consolidated democracy. The article shows that Serbian and Croatian historical pre-1991 cultural and political traditions influenced the perceptions of democracy and “strong leaders” rules of their contemporary inhabitants no less than experience from the transformation period.
This article seeks to identify and detail the most important determinants that shaped the position of Poland’s President in the system of governance during the country’s period of transformation extending from 1989 through to 1997. The conditioning presented determined the position of the office of President by reference to four legal instruments, i.e. the new proposal of April 1989, the 1990 Act on universal suffrage in electing the President of the Republic of Poland (Ustawa o powszechnych wyborach prezydenta RP), the so-called “Small Constitution” of 1992, and the (still-binding) 1997 Constitution of the Republic of Poland. It is claimed here that this conditioning underpinning the establishment of the post of President within Poland’s system of governance, on the basis of these different instruments of law, remained similar (sometimes in fact identical), with the overriding, repeated determinant being the political situation at the given time.
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<p>Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to test the hypothesis that the fundamentals of the supply chain relationships have not changed during the digital transformation period in Korea between 2006 and 2018. Design/methodology/approach - The data for this study were collected through a questionnaire-based survey during two different time periods in Korea, 2006 and 2018. Findings - This study reveals that supply chain professionals in 2006 regarded trust building process as the most important construct for the successful supply chain operations while in the 2018 survey, trust-based commitment became the most important construct. This paper concludes that supply chain sustainability will be enhanced based on strong supply chain relationship framework. Originality/value - This study reaffirmed that a supply chain relationship built on a trust-based commitment is still the pathway to successful supply chain implementation. As far as we know, no studies have been published in examining supply chain relationships during the digital transformation in two time periods.</p>
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Close enough – obrazy porażki transformacji ustrojowej w Polsce lat dziewięćdziesiątych XX wieku na przykładzie "Psów" Władysława Pasikowskiego i "Szamanki" Andrzeja Żuławskiego [“Close Enough”: Images of the Failure of the 1990s’ Political Transformation in Poland as Exemplified by Władysław Pasikowski’s "Psy" [Pigs] and Andrzej Żuławski’s "Szamanka" [She-Shaman]]