Article 31: The Rights to Rest, Play, Recreation, and Cultural and Artistic Activities

Abstract‘We have to make sure that school establishment organise artistic and cultural competition.’ (Africa)

DESIGN PROMOTION MEDIA FOR REOG PONOROGO WITH GRAPHIC MOTION OF WAYANG KULIT

Reog Ponorogo art is an Indonesian cultural heritage that must be preserved in the mid of current cultural competition nowadays. One of the ways to preserve Reog art is by introducing it to the wider community, especially the younger generation. The purpose of this design is to produce motion graphic media to introduce Reog Ponorogo traditional art. This design uses the 5W+1H approach, with the following stages: 1) reviewing the problems; 2) developing with the relevant questions; 3) developing the answers of those questions; 4) making the right solution. The result of this study shows that the design of Reog Ponorogo motion graphics can be the right media to provide information about Reog art to the public, especially millennial youth. This motion graphic media is quite comprehensive, because it is completed with supporting media such as posters, print ads, merchandise, and Instagram.

THE ‘MYTH’ OF THE PHALANX: BATTLE FORMATIONS AND CULTURAL INTERACTION

The article will discuss the importance of the phalanx as a way to point out cultural links and cultural competition between Greeks and Romans. It will argue that there is a wider discourse in military literature on the phalanx as a cultural commodity, by both historians and authors of ‘military manuals’, each author building on the arguments of the other, and that the Taktika of Aelian and Arrian are a key link in understanding this discourse in the context of the second century AD.

Florence 1438: The Encomium of the Florentina Libertas Sent by Poggio Bracciolini to Duke Filippo Maria Visconti

This article presents the critical editions of two texts: a letter by the Duke of Milan Filippo Maria Visconti (but written on his behalf by Pier Candido Decembrio) sent to Poggio Bracciolini on 28 July 1438; and the response written by Poggio on 15 September. Poggio’s letter contains a brief treatise in praise of Florence and of the Florentina libertas. The documents illuminate a crucial episode in the history of Italian Humanism. The article opens with the discussion of these two letters in their wider historical and intellectual context: on the one hand, the characteristically Florentine «civic humanism» which constitutes the background of Poggio’s positions; on the other, the political and cultural competition between Florence and Milan during the first half of the 15th century.

Struggling for Recognition? Strategic Disrespect in China’s Pursuit of Soft Power

This paper addresses the Chinese policy community’s interpretations of identities, which potentially shape the soft power policies of China. It couples soft power to identity through a discourse analysis of the language used by the Chinese state in relation to soft power. It builds on a number of earlier theorizations that associate soft power with identity as a discursive phenomenon. The results highlight the use of strategic disrespect in China’s soft power discourse. In the context of global cultural competition, and in particular the South-South cooperation framework, it is argued that the practitioners of the Chinese discourse present China’s ‘Self’ as a soft power and the Western ‘Other’ as a hard power.

A Cultural Discourse Analysis to Chinese Martial Arts Movie in the Context of Glocalization: Taking Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and Hero as Cases

This study is oriented to do Chinese cultural discourse analysis via examining two Chinese Wu-Xia (martial arts) movies. Specifically, the study explores the construction of glocalization, cultural hybridization and cultural discourse embedded in the two transnational Chinese martial arts movies, i.e. Ang Lee’s Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000) and Zhang Yimou’s Hero (2002). The film product is an audiovisual representation of a certain of national culture, ideology and society. Chinese martial arts film is this kind of cultural product that embodies Chinese sociocultural and philosophical values. The research aims to explore the connections between filmic discourse, culture and society. A combined analytical framework that integrates glocalization concept, cultural hybridization and cultural discourse approach is constructed. By comparative analysis, the main finding of the study reveals that Ang Lee’s Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000) presents a high degree of cultural globalization and hybridization, while Zhang Yimou’s Hero (2002) has relatively a low degree of cultural globalization and hybridization but embodies a high degree of Chinese locally authoritarian culture. This implies that a successful filmic production with strong national features need to organically hybridize global-local culture in proper when it enters globally cultural competition. On the one hand, it should have locally cultural identity; on the other, it should also show a kind of universally cultural values accepted by other cultures.

Lucilla You Min and Her Embodiment of a Cosmopolitan Fantasy

Lucilla You Min, who acted in Japanese and Hong Kong coproduced films in the early 1960s, is a valuable case study for postwar East Asian border-crossing star studies. This article conceptualizes the body of the star as a site of constructed meaning, and argues that You Min's embodiment of cosmopolitan fantasy as constructed by the studios she worked for was fraught with corporate and cultural competition in the Cold War era. The first part examines how Japanese cinema's discourses of publicity constructed You Min's embodiment of the imaginary of tōyō—an expression of Japan's desire for a leadership role in mediating between Asia and the West. The second part analyzes how Hong Kong cinema constructed the imaginary of the cosmopolitan, embodied by You Min's seemingly natural adaptability in world travel.