ASSOCIATIVE LANDSCAPE IN THE SPACE OF VISUAL AND SEMIOTIC EXPERIENCE

The article is devoted to the concept of an associative landscape and the phenomenon of the visual nature of its perception. The aim of the work is to study the sign-symbolic images of nature on the example of a cultural landscape and their visualization of graphic design. The article examines the features of associative landscapes, the semiotic concept of the cultural landscape and its semantic reading as a text, the concept of semiosphere and noosphere. The object of the research is the associative landscape as a special type of space perception based on a visual-semiotic language. The subject of the research is the cultural landscape as a visual-spatial category, expressed in sign-symbolic images and directly related to the natural environment.

Ancient Indian chronotope in Pali and Sanskrit sources

The author analyses the chronotope problem in the Ancient Indian texts written in Sanskrit (“Manu-Smriti”, “Arthashastra”, “Ramayana”, “Brihadaranyaka-Upanishad”) and Pali (“Simavisodhani”) languages. The “chronotope” is a category introduced by the Soviet scholar Mikhail Bakhtin (1895–1975). This category describes how configurations of time and space are represented in language and discourse. In particular, the author analyses the problem of the ideas of space regarding the “country” and “Kingdom” categories. The research has yielded two main results. In the first instance, the so-called “sacred space” in the ancient Indian texts is always represented in form of a square (or rectangle). It is similar to what is called a Vastu-mandala in the Vastu-Vidya, the traditional science of building and construction. In the second instance, thе so-called “sacred space” in the ancient Indian texts written in Sanskrit and Pali is associated with a set of heterogeneous phenomena: space, socium, time, etc. In a similar passage taken from the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad the author discovers a remarkable phenomenon. In describing the spatial reality, the number of times where one refers to the category of “time” is higher than that, which refers to the spatial category. This fact invites a conclusion: in ancient Indian culture, the categories of space and time are inseparable and always go together. Therefore, the ancient Indian culture definitively included a category of the chronotope. As a result of this discovery one should not any longer take into consideration the common topic of the “ atemporal” character of the ancient Indian culture.

Contested borders: organized crime, governance, and bordering practices in Colombia-Venezuela borderlands

Based on the conceptualizations of organized crime as both an enterprise and a form of governance, borderland as a spatial category, and borders as institutions, this paper looks at the politics of bordering practices by organized crime in the Colombian-Venezuelan borderlands. It posits that contrary to the common assumptions about transnational organized crime, criminal organizations not only blur or erode the border but rather enforce it to their own benefit. In doing so, these groups set norms to regulate socio-spatial practices, informal and illegal economies, and migration flows, creating overlapping social orders and, lastly, (re)shaping the borderland. Theoretically, the analysis brings together insights from political geography, border studies, and organized crime literature, while empirically, it draws on direct observation, criminal justice data, and in-depth interviews.

SPATIAL MARGINALIZATION: APPROACHES AND LEVELS OF RESEARCH

В статье уточняется понятие маргинальности как пространственной категории. Рассматривается соотношение понятий периферизации и маргинализации. Приводятся и описывается ряд подходов к выделению маргинальных территорий. Выявляются различия между таксонами исследования процессов экономической и культурной маргинализации. Рассматривается процесс городской маргинализации. The article clarifies the concept of marginality as a spatial category. The relationship between the concepts of peripherization and marginalization is considered. A number of approaches to the allocation of marginal territories are presented and described. Identifies the differences between the taxa of the study of the processes of economic and cultural marginalization. The process of urban marginalization is considered.

Elevation as a category of grammar: Sanzhi Dargwa and beyond

Nakh-Daghestanian languages have encountered growing interest from typologists and linguists from other subdiscplines, and more and more languages from the Nakh-Daghestanian language family are being studied. This paper provides a grammatical overview of the hitherto undescribed Sanzhi Dargwa language, followed by a detailed analysis of the grammaticalized expression of spatial elevation in Sanzhi. Spatial elevation, a topic that has not received substantial attention in Caucasian linguistics, manifests itself across different parts of speech in Sanzhi Dargwa and related languages. In Sanzhi, elevation is a deictic category in partial opposition with participant-oriented deixis/horizontally-oriented directional deixis. This paper treats the spatial uses of demonstratives, spatial preverbs and spatial cases that express elevation as well as the semantic extension of this spatial category into other, non-spatial domains. It further compares the Sanzhi data to other Caucasian and non-Caucasian languages and makes suggestions for investigating elevation as a subcategory within a broader category of topographical deixis.

Kategoria ‘miasto’ jako wyznacznik technik pracy reportera

The category of the ‘city’ as a determinant of techniques used by reporters in their work The perspective of the city understood as a unique conglomerate of points of view, emotions, experiences and predictions as well as sender-receiver roles is very interesting and significant in the context of reporters’ work. First of all, the city as an urban, spatial category teaches reporters a very instructive lesson in terms of putting their protagonists, sources of information, stories in a physically existing and physically limited space. The article features an analysis of examples of journalists’ actions and their textual effects in search of the city as an important category in constructing the world in non-fiction. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the perspective and value of the category of the city in numerous and varied reporters’ writings. It combines people and places, cultures, articulation, customs, emotions and values overlapping with a physical space. Numerous lessons of this type of reporters’ work can be found in the history of both Polish and international reportage.

Os conselhos territoriais quilombolas no estado da Bahia: mecanismos para um processo de controle social e governança territorial

Os Conselhos Territoriais Quilombolas são uma iniciativa da SEPROMI-BA, Secretaria Estadual para a Promoção da Igualdade Racial, e tem como objetivo a construção de espaços participativos e deliberativos onde as comunidades quilombolas possam se organizar, defender e reivindicar seus interesses e necessidades; em especial, seu acesso às políticas e a programas públicos, contemplando assim o conceito de governança política por meio de um processo de controle social no âmbito do território baiano. Este processo, por sua vez, proporciona inúmeros desafios e perspectivas na construção cultural e política dessas práticas democráticas, com vistas à valorização do povo negro, de suas raízes e da edificação de novas expectativas acerca do planejamento de seus territórios. É por meio desta perspectiva que se introduz a discussão que orbita o presente artigo: a adição da categoria espacial ao conceito de governança, neste caso, imaculado no conceito de Governança Territorial, cujo imbricamento ao conceito-chave oriundo da Ciência Política constrói-se a partir da interpretação que tal capacidade participativa e deliberativa também auxilia uma sociedade organizada territorialmente na gestão dos assuntos públicos a partir do envolvimento conjunto e cooperativo dos atores sociais, econômicos e institucionais, enfatizando, assim, a espacialização da governança e do controle social. Abstract THE QUILOMBOLAS TERRITORIAL COUNCILS IN THE STATE OF BAHIA: MECHANISMS FOR A PROCESS OF SOCIAL CONTROL AND TERRITORIAL GOVERNANCE The Quilombola Territorial Councils are an initiative of SEPROMI-BA, the State Secretariat for the Promotion of Racial Equality, and its objective is the construction of participatory and deliberative spaces where quilombola communities can organize, defend and vindicate their interests and needs; in particular, their access to public policies and programs, thus contemplating the concept of political governance through a process of social control within the territory of Bahia. This process, on the other hand, presents numerous challenges and perspectives in the cultural and political construction of these democratic practices, with a view to valorizing black people, their roots and building new expectations about the planning of their territories. It is from this perspective that the discussion that orbits the present article is introduced: the addition of the spatial category to the concept of governance, in this case, immaculate in the concept of Territorial Governance, whose imbrication to the key concept originating from Political Science is constructed to form the interpretation that such participatory and deliberative capacity also helps a society organized territorially in the management of public affairs from the joint and cooperative involvement of social, economic and institutional actors, emphasizing the spatialization of governance and social control.

Mapeamento e avaliação de certos aspectos da rede hoteleira de Salinas-MG / Mapping and evaluation of certain aspects of the hotel network of Salinas-MG

O artigo em questão analisa e mapeia o perfil dos hóspedes da rede hoteleira de Salinas-MG a partir de uma investigação científica realizada no âmbito de um projeto de extensão que teve como duração o período compreendido entre maio e setembro de 2017. Partindo da premissa que os dados acerca da rede hoteleira contribuem de forma importante para a análise espacial, a pesquisa traça um perfil geográfico do hóspede do município de Salinas-MG, identificando também as profissões dos mesmos e as diferenças nas ocupações dos hotéis durante os dias de semana e entre os meses investigados. A pesquisa permitiu, por meio da análise das características da cidade investigada e dos fluxos identificados, a realização de inferências acerca das funções e das posições urbanas, utilizando as redes como elemento-chave à análise espacial.Palavras–chave: Redes Hoteleiras, Análise Espacial, Salinas-MG, Posição Urbana; Funções Urbanas.AbstractThis article analyzes and maps the profile of Salinas-MG hotel chain's guests in its network perspective. Based on the premise that the data about the hotel network contributes in an important way to the spatial analysis, the research traces a profile of the Salinas-MG county geographic network, based on guests frequency, origin, professional occupation, and the hotels occupancy rate, measured between May and September 2017.The research allowed, through the use of networks as a spatial category, the analysis of Salinas-MG urban network characteristics and its identified flows, resulting in a proxy about its urban position and functions.Keywords: Hotel Networks, Spatial Analysis, Salinas-MG, Urban Position; Urban Functions.