Signal of an autocorrelation low-coherence interferometer probing a layered object by a wave-field with wide angular spectrum

The effect of the width of the angular spectrum (numerical aperture) of a broadband-frequency wave-field probing a layered object on the signal of an autocorrelation low-coherence interferometer (ALCI) under spatially coherent and incoherent illumination of the entrance pupil is considered. It is found that under incoherent illumination an increase in the width of the angular spectrum of the field leads to a decrease in the amplitude, a change in the shape and position of the measuring signals of the interferometer due to decorrelation of the object field partial components which have reflected from various interlayer boundaries inside the object. In the case of coherent illumination, the ALCI signal is formed in a confocal mode, which leads to the amplitude extraction of the measurement signals are determined by the mutual correlations between a partial component reflected from the boundary on which the probing field was focused, and partial components of this field which have reflected from other boundaries within the object. This effect makes it possible to determine parameters of the internal layered structure of an object doing without apriori structure-related information. In this case, an increase in the numerical aperture of the probing light beam leads to an increase in the systematic error in determining the optical thicknesses of the layers, which can be estimated on the basis of the obtained expressions.

Composting Spent Mushroom Substrate from Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus Production as a Growing Media Component for Baby Leaf Lettuce Cultivation under Pythium irregulare Biotic Stress

Composts of spent mushrooms substrates can be an alternative for the partial replacement of peat as growing media in horticulture. Three mature composts from Agaricus bisporus (Ag), Pleurotus ostreatus (Pl), and 70% Ag:30% Pl (AgPl) production were used as partial components of peat growing media, used at a 1:4 compost:peat ratio for growing red baby leaf lettuce. They showed higher yields, between 3 and 7 times more than that for peat itself, even under the pressure of the plant pathogen Pythium irregulare. AgPl showed the higher suppressiveness (50%) against Pythium irregulare than Ag- (38%) or Pl- (15%) supplemented media. The combination of these raw materials and a suitable composting process is important for obtaining mature compost for use as a partial component of peat-based growing media.

Farmers’ social economic and response determining application component technologies of “Jajar Legowo Super” technique: a case in Lampung

‘Jajar Legowo Super’ (Jarwo Super) technique is a technology package comprise of seven component technologies for maximum rice productivity. The technique is one of priority attention in IAARD’s dissemination activity. This paper aims to identify how social, economic characteristics, farmers’ response and application of the technology package. The unit analysis is the component technologies adopted in the Jarwo Super. The Data was taken from 43 farmers purposively (co-operator and non-co-operator) in Tanggamus, Lampung and did descriptive analysis. The results show that ‘legowo’ was the most known component in the jarwo super technique. In contrast inpari 30 was the most ‘implemented and applied’ components. Farmers dominantly use informal network to gather information through other farmers and community leaders. Further, their participation in training is relatively low due to the absence of these activities. However, access to mass media and radio is quite high, although usage internet access is still low. In term of economy aspect, 69 percent respondents use own finance and the rest use access banking and individuals including middlemen and kiosks. To conclude, farmers use single or partial component technology rather that adopt full package of the jarwo Super technique. Only reliable and available component will farmers’ use.

Gastric Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer Mimicking a Submucosal Tumor

Signet-ring cell carcinoma, a colorectal cancer (CRC) subtype, sometimes shows metastases to uncommon metastatic sites. However, gastric metastasis is extremely rare. Here, we describe a case of gastric metastasis from colonic cancer. A 76-year-old woman presented with anemia. Colonoscopic biopsy revealed a CRC on the transverse colon showing a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with a partial component of the signet-ring carcinoma. Computed tomography revealed multiple subcutaneous nodules on her chest and back, and a tumor in the left lower lobe of her lung. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a submucosal tumor-like lesion in the upper gastric body, and endoscopic biopsy revealed the poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma along with the partial component of the signet-ring carcinoma as well as the colonic, subcutaneous, and pulmonary lesion. The findings of endoscopic and microscopic examinations revealed gastric metastasis from CRC on the transverse colon. A systemic chemotherapy was given, and the biopsy conducted 1 year after the initial chemotherapy revealed no evidence of the residual tumor tissue in the gastric lesion. However, best supportive care was recommended depending on metastasis to the rectum. Our case suggests that gastric metastases from CRC should be considered in patients with lesions resembling a submucosal tumor accompanied by central depression and erosion.

Partial Component Consensus of Discrete-Time Multiagent Systems

The multiagent system has the advantages of simple structure, strong function, and cost saving, which has received wide attention from different fields. Consensus is the most basic problem in multiagent systems. In this paper, firstly, the problem of partial component consensus in the first-order linear discrete-time multiagent systems with the directed network topology is discussed. Via designing an appropriate pinning control protocol, the corresponding error system is analyzed by using the matrix theory and the partial stability theory. Secondly, a sufficient condition is given to realize partial component consensus in multiagent systems. Finally, the numerical simulations are given to illustrate the theoretical results.

Uji Performansi Instrument Berbasis Teknologi Laser Photo-Accoustics Untuk Deferensiasi Kopi

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan instrument berbasis teknologi Laser Photo Acoustics untuk membedakan biji kopi berdasarkan perbedaan daerah dan jenis kopi. Penelitian ini menggunakan softwere The Unscrambler X 10.5 Parameter penelitian meliputi penggunaan metode PCA (partial component analysis( dengan mengguanakan pretreatment baseline correction dan klasifikasi biji kopi beserta perbedaan daerah penghasil kopi dengan total 40 sampel tembakan laser antara lain 20 sampel biji kopi arabika dan 20 sampel biji kopi robusta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji performansi alat laser photo acoustics ini mampu mendeteksi perbedaan kopi berdasarkan klasifikasi daerah penghasil kopi antara biji kopi daerah bener meriah dan biji kopi daerah takengon, kemudian dengan melihar perbandingan perbedaan dengan klasifikasi biji kopi berdasarkan jenis kopi arabika dan robusta belum bias terdeteksi dengan alat ini dikarenakan beberapa factor salah satunya ialah sensor pembaca gelombang dari alat ini masih kurang peka terhadap deferensiasi jenis kopi robusta dan arabika.Performance Test Instrument Based on Laser Photo Acoustic Technology for Coffee DifferentiationAbstract. This study aims to utilize an instrument based on Laser Photo Acoustics technology to distinguish coffee beans based on different regions and types of coffee. This study uses the software The Unscrambler X 10.5 Research parameters include the use of the PCA method using pretreatment baseline correction and coffee bean classification along with differences in coffee producing regions with a total of 40 laser shot samples including 20 samples of arabica coffee beans and 20 samples of robusta coffee beans. The results showed that the performance test of the photo acoustics laser tool was able to detect differences in coffee based on the classification of coffee-producing regions between coffee beans and the coffee beans in the takengon area, then by comparing the differences with the classification of coffee beans based on Arabica and robusta coffee types could not be detected with this tool due to several factors, one of which is the wave reader sensor from this device is still less sensitive to the differentiation of robusta and arabica coffee types.