On problems of criminal and legal qualification of offenses of traffic of dangerous chemical substances on the territory of Ukraine

Aim of the Research. To make the systematic analysis of structure of the crimes of Ukraine providing responsibility for smuggling of poisonous substances (Article 201 of Criminal Code of Ukraine) and for illegal production, manufacture, acquisition, transportation, shipment, storage for the purpose of sale or sale of poisonous or potent substances, or poisonous or potent drugs (Article 321 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine). Provide proposals to bring the legislation of Ukraine concerning the list of toxic substances their production, storage, transportation, use, disposal, destruction and disposal in accordance with EU legislation. Materials and Methods. The research is based on international and domestic legislation, scientific publications, materials of scientific and practical conferences, etc. The following methods are used in the work: dialectical, systematic analysis of the internal construction of the system of criminal law, formal-logical definition, modeling, analogy, logical and formal-legal. Results and Discussion. The article examines the issue of criminal liability for socially dangerous acts related to toxic substances. A brief legal analysis was performed. Attention is focused on the need to bring the legislation of Ukraine in line with the requirements of the legislation of the European Union. It is noted that in the EU there is no term “toxic substances” in laws and regulations, and the term dangerous substance is used. Conclusions. It is necessary to develop a draft regulatory document harmonized with EU requirements instead of the repealed Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No 440, which concerns the procedure for handling these substances. Keywords: criminal code, poisonous substance, dangerous substance, normative document, smuggling.

Local tomography and the role of the complex numbers in quantum mechanics

Various reconstructions of finite-dimensional quantum mechanics result in a formally real Jordan algebra A and a last step remains to conclude that A is the self-adjoint part of a C*-algebra. Using a quantum logical setting, it is shown that this can be achieved by postulating that there is a locally tomographic model for a composite system consisting of two copies of the same system. Local tomography is a feature of classical probability theory and quantum mechanics; it means that state tomography for a multipartite system can be performed by simultaneous measurements in all subsystems. The quantum logical definition of local tomography is sufficient, but it is less restrictive than the prevalent definition in the literature and involves some subtleties concerning the so-called spin factors.

Imagination and Mathematics

Chapter 8 considers the role of the imagination as it appears in Proclus’ commentary on Euclid, where mathematical or geometrical objects are taken to mediate, both ontologically and cognitively, between thinkable and physical things. With the former, mathematical things share the permanence and consistency of their properties; with the latter, they share divisibility and the possibility of being multiplied. Hence, a geometrical figure exists simultaneously on four different levels: as a noetic concept in the intellect; as a logical definition, or logos, in discursive reasoning; as an imaginary perfect figure in the imagination; and as a physical imitation or representation in sense-perception. Imagination, then, can be equated with the intelligible or geometrical matter that constitutes the medium in which a geometrical object can be constructed, represented, and studied.

The Acoustic Efforts of the Medieval Arab Philosophers: Brethren of Purity as a Model

<p><em>This study discusses the acoustic efforts of the Medieval Arab philosophers and thinkers, and explain specifically the efforts of Brethren of Purity (ikhwãn al</em><em>-</em><em>safã) also The Brethren of Sincerity). They were a famous </em><a title="Secret society" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secret_society"><em>secret society</em></a><em> of Muslim philosophers in Basra, Iraq, in 4th century HD/8th century CE. The structure of this mysterious organization and the identities of its members have never been clear. This study is an overview of the reality and the actuality of the vocal acoustic research which the Arab thinkers produced. It also will discusses the efforts of Al-Safa brothers community in the Arab Acoustic field, who presented a logical definition of the linguistic sound, then started to categorize the sound according to the meaning, quantity and quality, determined the sounds articulation and the ways of its production, then they made a great analysis on the ways of analyzing it based on all the qualitative and quantitative levels, and highlighted the semantic aspects and the ways of recognizing and perceiving the sounds.</em><em></em></p>

Using Interfaces to Drive Module Definition: Investigating the Impact of a New Design Dependency Measure

Structural representations for interfaces between modules and components in a product vary widely in the literature. After reviewing several structural approaches to interface definition, a new weighted design dependency measure is described. The new representation takes into account both six different types of interfaces as well as their relative strength and frequency within a product architecture. The resulting design dependency measure provides a means for designers to quantify the change resistance in a product. In this paper, we investigate the use of this new design dependency measure to drive module identification. Specifically, we compare the resulting modules obtained by optimizing Design Structure Matrices (DSMs) using standard 0-1 representations of the interfaces to those obtained using the new design dependency measure. The results indicate that the weighted design dependency measure leads to more a logical definition of modules that maximizes within module dependencies and minimizes interactions between modules.

What Is a Paraphrase?

Paraphrases are sentences or phrases that convey the same meaning using different wording. Although the logical definition of paraphrases requires strict semantic equivalence, linguistics accepts a broader, approximate, equivalence—thereby allowing far more examples of “quasi-paraphrase.” But approximate equivalence is hard to define. Thus, the phenomenon of paraphrases, as understood in linguistics, is difficult to characterize. In this article, we list a set of 25 operations that generate quasi-paraphrases. We then empirically validate the scope and accuracy of this list by manually analyzing random samples of two publicly available paraphrase corpora. We provide the distribution of naturally occurring quasi-paraphrases in English text.

A Dual-Step Multi-Algorithm Approach for Churn Prediction in Pre-Paid Telecommunications Service Providers

Nowadays customer churn has become the main concern of companies which are active in different industries. Among all industries which suffer from this issue, telecommunications industry can be considered in the top of the list with approximate annual churn rate of 30%. Dealing with this problem, there exist different approaches via developing predictive models for customer churn but due to the nature of pre-paid mobile telephony market which is not contract-based, customer churn is not easily traceable and definable, thus constructing a predictive model would be of high complexity. Handling this issue, in this study, we developed a dual-step model building approach, which consists of clustering phase and classification phase. With this regard firstly, the customer base was divided into four clusters, based on their RFM related features, with the aim of extracting a logical definition of churn, and secondly, based on the churn definitions that were extracted in the first step, different algorithms were utilized with the intention of constructing predictive models for churn in our developed clusters. Evaluating and comparing the performance of the employed algorithms based on “gain measure”, we concluded that employing a multi-algorithm approach in the model constructing step, instead of single-algorithm one, can bring the maximum gain among the tested algorithms.