QUALITATIVE CONTENT AND SOME PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYSACCHARIDES FROM ONOPORDUM ACANTHIUM L. HERB

Natural polymers are interesting as independent pharmaceutical substances also as complex drugs including herbal drugs. The aim of this work was determination of the main features of water-soluble polysaccharides (WSPS) and pectinic substances (PS) isolated from Onopordum acanthium L. herb for using as pharmaceutical substances. The following tasks were set to achieve this aim: determination of qualitative content of monosaccharides after previous acidic hydrolysis of fractions by paper chromatography, determination of molecular weight, isoelectric point, distribution coefficient, superficial activity these fractions by physical and chemical methods. It was found that WSPS consist of xylose and rhamnose, PS – galacturonic acid. WSPS have molecular weighs 783.96 g/mol, PS – 17351.37 g/mol. Molecules WSPS are neutralize in buffer solution with pH 5.2 and PS – pH 4.7. Also WSPS and PS have similar distribution activity with distribution coefficient 2.97 and 2.59, respectively. But WSPS and PS are superficially inactive substances. Determinate features including well distribution activity may be used for development complex herbal drugs containing herb of Onopordum acanthium L. Also sorption activity should be detected in the future.

Antineoplastic Efectiveness of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Onopordum Acanthium L. extract (AgNPs-OAL) toward MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells

The present research was done to investigate the anticancer properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) fabricated using bioactive extract of Onopordum acanthium L. (AgNPs-OAL) against breast cancer cell MDA_MB231 in vitro. The determination studies of AgNPs-OAL were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis. Interestingly, FESEM image observed the spherical shape of AgNPs-OAL with the range of 1–100 nm. As AgNP-OAL exhibited significant cytotoxicity properties on breast cancer MDA_MB231 cells with IC50 values of 66.04 μg/mL, while lowing toxicity toward normal human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells with IC50 values of 101.04 μg/mL was evaluated. Further, up-regulation of apoptotic Bax and CAD genes expressions were confirmed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) technique results. Moreover, enhanced cell cycle population (sub-G1), annexin V/PI staining, acridine orange and ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining, Hoescht 33258 dye, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) observed in AgNP-OAL-treated MDA_MB231 cancer cells. The green-synthesized AgNP-OAL has promising anticancer efficiency that can trigger apoptosis pathway in the MDA_MB231 breast cancer cells.

An Eco-friendly Fabrication of Silver Chloride Nanoparticles (AgCLNPs) using Onopordum acanthium L extract Induces Apoptosis in Breast Cancer MDA-MB-232 Cells

In the current experimental work, silver chloride nanoparticles (AgClNPs) were fabricated using Onopordum acanthium L extract and their apoptotic and cytotoxicity properties on breast cancer MDA_MB232 and normal HEK293 cell lines were also evaluated. AgClNPs formation was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) profile. Effect of fabricated AgClNPs on MDA_MB232 and HEK293 cells viability was performed using colorimetric MTT assay. Alterations in the mRNA expression levels of CAD and Bax genes in MDA-MB-232 cells were done using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) method. Subsequently, apoptotic properties were determined using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy studies. MTT results investigated that AgCLNPs have a significant dose-dependent lethal activity on MDA_MB232 compared to HEK293 cell lines. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) results have also shown that AgCLNPs could up-regulate the apoptotic Bax and CAD gene expressions in the MDA_MB232 cells. Additionally, apoptotic assessment was performed by cell cycle analysis, annexin V/PI test, Hoescht 33258 dye, acridine orange and ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining along with the detection of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Our results suggest that novel silver chloride nanoparticles fabricated by Onopordum acanthium L extract can display some promising cytotoxic properties through inducing apoptosis pathway.