Belief-biased representations of textual information in bilinguals: Language as a source characteristic

When pursuing a controversial socio-scientific issue, readers are expected to construct balanced representations that include overlapping and opposing information. However, readers’ mental representations are often biased towards their prior beliefs. Previous research on such text-belief consistency effects have been conducted mostly in monolingual contexts. The present study investigated whether document language, as a source characteristic, moderates text-belief consistency effects at the situation-model and text-base representation levels. Eighty-seven bilingual readers—selected from a larger initial sample—read two documents on the global spread of English. The documents were either presented in participants’ first (Persian) and second (English) languages, or one was presented in Persian and the other one in English. A recognition task was used to assess situation-model strength and text-base strength. Overall, participants built stronger situation models for the belief-consistent information as opposed to belief-inconsistent information. However, document language moderated the text-belief consistency effect. When both texts were presented in English, the text-belief consistency effect was smaller than when both texts were presented in Persian. For the combination of English and Persian texts, the text-belief consistency effect was enlarged when the belief-consistent text was presented in English and the belief-inconsistent text in Persian but disappeared when the text-belief consistent text was presented in Persian and the belief-inconsistent text in English. These results suggest that document language can serve as a strong credibility cue that can eliminate belief effects, at least when the document language and the controversial issue are inherently related.

Хайретизмы с яко и бо в церковнославянских акафистах Богородице и святым

The purpose of the work is to identify and make a classification of the hairetisms that are part of the akathists to the saints and the Mother of God and contain as the main part of the clauses with conjunctions yako and bo. First, the classical texts will be considered - the Great Akathist (§ 1) and the Akathist to Nicholas the Wonderworker (§ 2), the citation of which in the later akathists were devoted to the above two articles; at the next step, against the background of the first two akathists, the remaining 98 akathists (59 to the Mother of God, 59 to the saints), which are reflected in the database (§ 3 and 4), will be analyzed. The text base was computer developed using the system database management (DBMS) Microsoft Access.

Experimental investigations of text graph representation model efficiency for borrowings detection

The paper deals with investigation of time and functional efficiency of the developed software system for text borrowings detection. Base of this system is constructive-synthesizing text graph representation model. The experiment revealed a linear relationship between the time of the text borrowing check operation and the size of the text base for comparison. The conducted experiments showed that there is a difference in the results of the checking text documents by the developed system and analogue. For its estimation the degree of functional efficiency advantage is calculated by similarly to S-estimation of efficiency of algorithms. The reasons for the difference in results are identified. Attention is drawn to obstacles in analogues use for experimental efficacy investigations.

Validation of Experts to the Module Writing Short Text Based on Character Education in Class XI Students of SMA Negeri 1 Pangkalan Susu

The aim of this research is to validate of experts to the module writing short text base on character education. This research method uses the Research and Development (R&D) method (in Tegeh, et al, 2014: 7) saying that research and development methods are research methods used to produce certain products and test the effectiveness of certain products. The result is Material expert validation on content eligibility assessment is in very valid criteria with an average value of 85%. Feasibility of presentation is very valid criteria with an average value of 90%, and language eligibility is very valid criteria with an average value of 87%.

Medieval Canon Law

This chapter considers the historical development of medieval canon law. The term ‘canon law’ refers to the body of law developed by the Catholic Church to govern the body of Christ on earth. In time, canon law came to designate the totality of laws, legislation, judicial processes, and institutions promulgated by the Church and enforced by its officers upon Christians, and sometimes non-Christians. This chapter covers the successes of canonists in consolidating their text base and laying the ground for an increasing professionalization of their discipline; the professional competition between canonists and theologians, which emerged in part out of a divide between those who understood the Church as a pastoral institution and those that understood it as a rigorously hierarchical administrative entity; and the emergence of new legal practices.

Uma Casa Comum, um projeto comum: político, social e ambiental

Em 2016, o tema escolhido para a Campanha da Fraternidade Ecumênica(CFE) foi: “Casa Comum, nossa responsabilidade”. Esta campanha foiorganizada pelo Conselho Nacional de Igrejas Cristãs do Brasil (CONIC), e teve por objetivo geral refletir sobre a questão do saneamento básico. Tais reflexões estão contidas no seu Texto-Base e demonstram que esse é um direito fundamental para todas as pessoas e, como todos os outros direitos, requer o nosso empenho, à luz da fé, a lutar por políticas públicas e atitudes responsáveis que garantam a integridade e o futuro de nossa Casa Comum. O livro do Profeta Amós, que inspirou o lema desta campanha, “Quero ver o direito brotar como fonte e correr a justiça qual riacho que não seca” (Am 5,24), é uma revelação de que também naquela época já havia crises sociais agudas, fundamentadas por um progresso econômico que não se traduzia em igualdade e justiça para todos. Nessa linha de reflexão, incluir-se-á também o pensamento do Papa Francisco contido em sua Carta Encíclica Laudato Si’, cujo conteúdo contempla o mesmo raciocínio do Texto-Base da CFE-2016. Para evitar que assunto tão relevante seja esquecido, propõe-se, como objetivo do presente artigo, a retomada constante da leitura dos documentos aqui referenciados, cujas reflexões possam contribuir para despertar em nós uma consciência que se concretize em atitudes responsáveis para a preservação da nossa Casa Comum.Palavras-chave: Casa Comum. Responsabilidade. Justiça.Abstract: In 2016, the theme chosen for the Campaign of Ecumenical Fraternity (CFE) was: “Common Home, our responsibility.” Organized by the National Council of Christian Churches of Brazil (CONIC), CFE has the overall objective of ensuring the right to sanitation for all people and commit ourselves in the light of faith, public politics and responsible attitudes to ensure the integrity and the future of our common home. The book of the prophet Amos, who inspired themotto of this campaign, “I want to see the right sprout as the source and run the justice which stream that does not dry out” (Am 5:24), is a revelation that also at that time had already acute social crises based on economic progress did not translate into equality and justice for all. In this line of thought, also include the thought of Pope Francis contained in his Encyclical Letter Laudato Si’, therefore, its content covers the same reasoning Text-Base CFE-2016. To prevent such a relevant subject is forgotten, it is proposed, the objective of this article, the constant resumption of the reading of the documents referenced herein, whose reflections can contribute to awaken in us a consciousness that materializes in responsible attitudes towards the preservation of our Common Home.Keywords: Common Home. Responsibility. Justice.

The Principle of Mirror Reflection and the Ways of Manifesting the Transcendent in Tarkovsky’s The Mirror

The article is devoted to the research of the directors strategy of A.Tarkovsky in his film The Mirror analyzed through the mirror references principle as a structure-forming text base. The film structure is viewed as a film of projections. The main aim of the article is to single out means of mirror reflections and technologies of creating mirror references that give birth to a unique film structure.

IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013 MELALUI PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA BERBASIS TEKS DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA (SMP)

Learning by using scientific approach is a process of learning that is designed that make the students construct a concept actively, role or princip trough observation step (to identify or to find a problem), stated a problem, propose hypothesis, collecting data by using variety technic, analyze data, getting conclusion, and communicate the concept that find. Therefore, in the learning process that hoped to stimulate the students in searching the source by an observation, not only know by the teacher.The scientific approach role in learning process by skill process like observation, classification, assessment, explain, and making conclusion. In doing that process, the students need a helping from teacher. But the helping must less because the students’ class is in high level. Key word: Implementation of 2013 curriculum, scientific approach Implementation, Indonesia language learning text base