Polydopamine-Coated Copper-Substituted Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Dual Cancer Therapy

Combinational therapy using chemodynamictherapy (CDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) is known to enhance the therapeutic outcome for cancer treatment. In this study, a biocompatible nano formulation was developed by coating polydopamine (PDA) over doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded copper-substituted mesoporous silica (CuMSN) nanoparticles. PDA coating not only allowed selective photothermal properties with an extended DOX release but also enhanced the water solubility and biocompatibility of the nanocomposites. The nanocomposites displayed a monodispersed shape and pH-dependent release characteristics, with an outstanding photothermal conversion and excellent tumor cell inhibition. The cellular-uptake experiments of CuMSN@DOX@PDA in A549 cells indicated that nanoparticles (NPs) aided in the enhanced DOX uptake in tumor cells compared to free DOX with synergistic anti-cancer effects. Moreover, the cell-viability studies displayed remarkable tumor inhibition in combinational therapy over monotherapy. Thus, the synthesized CuMSN@DOX@PDA NPs can serve as a promising platform for dual cancer therapy.

All-In-One Approaches for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Therapy: Metal-Phenolic Nanoplatform for MR Imaging-Guided Combinational Therapy

Background Conventional chemotherapy has poor efficacy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) which is highly heterogeneous and aggressive. Imaging-guided therapy is usually combined with diverse treatment modalities, could realize the integration of diagnosis and treatments. Therefore, the primary challenge for combinational therapy is designing proper delivery systems to accomplish multiple synergistic effects. Results Herein, a facile nanoplatform is manufactured to fulfill the all-in-one approaches for TNBC combinational therapy. Fe3+-based metal-phenolic networks (MPNs) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) modification serve as drug delivery carriers to encapsulate bleomycin (BLM), forming BFE NPs@BSA. It is found that BFE NPs@BSA could be further used as photothermal transduction agents and T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Once internalized into tumor cells, released BLM could cause DNA damage, while Fenton reactions are initiated to produce highly toxic •OH. Upon laser irradiation, BFE NPs@BSA could convert light into heat to achieve synergistic therapeutic effects. Moreover, as T1-weighted MRI contrast agents, BFE NPs@BSA could provide diagnosis and treatment monitoring for individualized precise therapy. Conclusions This strategy provides an all-in-one theranostic nanoplatform for MRI-guided combinational therapy against TNBC.

Nanosonosensitizers With Ultrasound-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Generation for Cancer Sonodynamic Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer, while it has been demonstrated to encounter the issues of low immune responses and underlying immune-related adverse events. The sonodynamic therapy (SDT) that utilizes sonosensitizers to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggered by ultrasound (US) stimulation can be used to ablate tumors, which also leads to the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD), thus achieving SDT-induced immunotherapy. Further combination of SDT with immunotherapy is able to afford enhanced antitumor immunity for tumor regression. In this mini review, we summarize the recent development of nanosonosensitizers with US-induced ROS generation for cancer SDT immunotherapy. The uses of nanosonosensitizers to achieve SDT-induced immunotherapy, combinational therapy of SDT with immunotherapy, and combinational therapy of SDT with multiple immunotherapies are briefly introduced. Furthermore, the current concerns and perspectives for the development and further clinical applications of these nanosonosensitizers for SDT-combined immunotherapy of cancer are discussed.