scholarly journals Seviotics of the Text and the Role of of the Reader in the Work «Six Walks in the Literary Woods» by Umberto Eco

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-130
Author(s):  
Николай Калиниченко
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
William Morris ◽  
Umberto Eco ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Ferdinand De Saussure ◽  
Structural Linguistics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Goals And Objectives

В статье раскрывается значение термина «семиотика» и даётся научное определение семиотике как науке, с её характерными целями и задачами; рассматривается вклад основных представителей данного направления в развитие семиологии как науки. К ним относятся: швейцарский ученый, стоявший у истоков Женевской лингвистической школы, заложивший основы семиологии и структурной лингвистики, - Фердинанд де Соссюр; американский философ, сформулировавший термин «прагматика», - Чарльз Уильям Моррис; основоположник семиотики и прагматизма, математик и логик Чарльз Сандерс Пирс. На основе рассмотренных понятий анализируются избранные произведения известного итальянского писателя и ученого, внёсшего весомый вклад как в область теоретического, так и практического применения научного инструментария семиотики как методологии, - Умберто Эко. На примере эссе «Шесть прогулок в литературных лесах» подробно исследована структура всего произведения, характерный для него тип повествования и позиция, которую занимает сам автор. The article reveals the meaning of the term «semiotics» and gives a scientific definition of semiotics as a science, with its characteristic goals and objectives; the contribution of the main representatives of this direction to the development of semiology as a science is considered. These include: the Swiss scientist who was at the origins of the Geneva Linguistic School, who laid the foundations of semiology and structural linguistics - Ferdinand de Saussure; the American philosopher who formulated the term «pragmatics» - Charles William Morris; the founder of semiotics and pragmatism, mathematician and logician Charles Sanders Pierce. On the basis of the considered concepts, the selected works of the famous Italian writer and scientist, who made a significant contribution to both the theoretical and practical application of the scientific tools of semiotics as a methodology, Umberto Eco, are analyzed. Using the example of the essay «Six Walks in the Literary Woods», the structure of the en-tire work, the type of narrative characteristic of it, and the position taken by the author himself are studied in detail.

scholarly journals The distinction between semantics and pragmatics: The point of view of semiotics

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-307
Author(s):  
Claudio Paolucci
Keyword(s):  
Differential Calculus ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Umberto Eco ◽  
Ferdinand De Saussure ◽  
Structural Linguistics ◽  
Semantics And Pragmatics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modes Of Existence ◽  
Independent Existence

Abstract In this paper I will try to outline the reasons why, in order to understand the life and the nature of meaning, the semiotic tradition has always thought that it was better not to separate semantics and pragmatics. I will first reconstruct the history of this idea, grounded in Pragmatism and in Structural Linguistics. Later, I will deal with its first formulation in A Theory of Semiotics by Umberto Eco. In the second part of the paper, I will work on the idea by Ferdinand de Saussure that meanings are values, that is, indeterminate entities whose identity is determined only through reciprocal determination. I will claim that this idea is the importation in linguistics of Leibniz’s principles of the differential calculus. In the final part of the paper, I will apply this idea to the distinction between semantics and pragmatics, claiming that meanings are better understood through a theory of modes of existence. If we understand the differential nature of meaning, we can see that meanings live only through the using of the expressions and these variations contribute to offer stability within the transformations, without creating a stable object defined by its properties and endowed with an independent existence split from the relationships that define it.

scholarly journals The death of the author | the death of the architect: Meaning in architecture and the role of users

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Julian Franke
Keyword(s):  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Umberto Eco ◽  
The Real ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Death Of The Author

In his work The Death of the Author (1967), Roland Barthes creates a new definition of authorship, in that the author is not the real originator of meaning in literature, but rather the reader. This questions the influence and responsibility of originators in creative fields in general. This paper applies Barthes's thesis to the profession of architecture. Therefore the role of users is discussed, as well as meaning and language in architecture. With the help of the semiotic work by Umberto Eco and texts by Roman Ingarden and Jonathan Hill, the paper will attempt to show how the sole image of the architect is challenged, but also what makes him/her still recognisable and responsible.

God and Behavior Mod Ii: Some Reflections on Vos’ Response

1978 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodger K. Bufford
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
World View ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Methodological Behaviorism ◽  
Behavioral Psychology ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Biblical Principles ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Behavior

The major point of Bufford (1977) was to affirm the value of behavioral psychology as a body of knowledge and as a technology. The central thrust of Vos’ response is to reject behavioral psychology as a world view or metaphysic. Vos goes on to assert that behavior modification, as an application of this world view, is in conflict with the biblical view of man. Whether such conflict in fact exists depends fundamentally in the definition of behavioral psychology which one holds. Metaphysical behaviorism is inherently in conflict with the biblical view; however, methodological behaviorism does not pose this problem. Practical application of behavior modification may make a significant contribution in helping us put biblical principles into practice.

scholarly journals Poetry of Boris Kagermazov

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Naima Borisovna Bozieva
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
National Literature ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Compositional Structure ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Aesthetic Values ◽  
Artistic Skill

The subject of this article is the analysis of poetry of Boris Kagermazov. The object of this research is the genre, plot, composition, and thematic peculiarities the epic works of Boris Kagermazov. The goal of this article is to reveal the specific features of the poems, their compositional structure, novelties s in poetics, and role of this genre in the works of Boris Kagermazov. Detailed examination is conducted on peculiarities of the poems “Echo of the War”, “Grief and Anger”, “Harmonist”. Attention is given to the analysis of poetic theme and problematic of the poems, as well as to their composition and artistic skill of B. Kagermazov. The relevance of the selected topic is defined by the crucial role of B. Kagermazov in evolution of the genre of poem in the Kabardian-Circassian literature of the XX century, the depth of artistic conceptualization of the historical process, and embrace of the system of philosophical, spiritual- ethical, and aesthetic values of his ethnic group. The acquired results may serve as the theoretical foundation in the further examination of the works of B. Kagermazov and studying the Adyghe poetry, namely lyrical and lyrical-epic works; their practical application can be found in specialized courses, research works of the pedagogues, postgraduates and students. The conclusion is made on the novelties introduced by the poet in creation of original modifications of the poem, which is reflected in the diffusion of genres, simultaneous use of certain elements of lyrics, epic, and drama. The poet's artistic pursuits made significant contribution to enrichment of the national literature.

scholarly journals MICHEL FOUCAULT’S ARCHAEOLOGY OF LANGUAGE

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Language Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Structural Linguistics ◽  
Development Of Language ◽  
Relations Of Power

Natural language plays a fundamental role in cognition and communication, but in the modern information society, language is increasingly used as a data transmission technology. The study of the problem of language power over thinking is a significant contribution to understanding the nature of language and its relationship with thinking. This article presents an analysis of the peculiarities of M. Foucault’s views on the problem of relationship between language and thinking. The author applies the elements of Foucault’s archaeological approach and studies his concepts in connection with the ideas of other French thinkers. During the analysis, the author formulates her vision of the concepts of power and discourse. The first part of the article considers the understanding of natural language as a complex open sign system that interacts with the outside world and constantly accumulates elements of culture and creativity, from the point of view of philosophy and structural linguistics. The understanding of the division of language into separate discourses is explained. The presentation of the original methodology of Foucault’s language research explains what makes it possible to reveal the peculiarities of the historical development of discourse in the social aspect. Further, Foucault’s views on the role of language in obtaining knowledge and the formation of thinking are reflected, as well as an understanding of the relations of power that the philosopher notices in mental and speech activity of individuals. There follows J. Baudrillard’s criticism of Foucouldian concept of power and the process of language development in society. In conclusion, the author summarizes the analyzed views on power, development of language and thinking as well as Foucault’s understanding of language.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF AUTHENTIC VIDEO MATERIALS IN TEACHING HEARING TEXT

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V DEVDARIANI ◽  
◽  
E.V RUBTSOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Listening Skills ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Grammatical Structures ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Industrial Context ◽  
Video Material

This article deals with the problem of learning the perception of foreign-language material at the hearing and study of the goals, objectives and the role of authentic videos in the process. It is noted the relevance of studying communicative competence, part of which is the formation of listening skills. Analyzed domestic and foreign approaches to the definition of communicative competence, the authors define the latter as the ability to solve actual problems of communication in educational, residential and industrial context through a foreign language. In this study, it is proved that the process of listening comprehension by using video not only increases the chances of understanding authentic text, but also significantly increases the motivation of students to the process of learning a foreign language. Examines the criteria for selecting the videos that are didactic learning tool. The most important of them is the linguistic material which, in the opinion of the authors of the article must meet the communicative orientation of the classes, i.e., after viewing the video, students should be able to use acquired vocabulary and grammatical structures in the formation of their own statements. When working with video lessons on a foreign language must be met in three stages: pre-viewing, while-viewing, post-viewing which meet the goals and objectives of learning a foreign language. The article presents a fragment of a methodical development lesson on the topic of "House and apartment", developed in accordance with the stages of presentation of video material, facilitating efficient storage and further use of foreign language vocabulary and grammar.

scholarly journals The role of youth jargon within the system of Russian language

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Zulfiia Khanifovna Fazlyeva
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Modern Fiction ◽  
Rich Material ◽  
Lexical Composition ◽  
Definition Of

Despite the fact that youth jargon in a certain way reflects the worldview of young people, the Russian linguistics did not dedicated due attention to this question. At some point, significant contribution to the research of this problematic was made by the experts in linguistics such as A. M. Selischev, E. D. Polivanov, M. A. Grachev, V. M. Mokienko, etc. However, there are still gaps and multiple controversial issues in studying this phenomenon. One of them pertains to terminological definition of this concept, since there is no evident characteristics and properties that allow to clearly differentiate it from other linguistic phenomena, such as argot, slang, dialect, sociolect. There is also no unified system of dictionary noted for lexicographic fixation of jargon units, as well as systematized description for youth jargon in various Russian regions. Youth jargon represents rich material for linguistic analysis, since it has diverse lexical composition – alongside multiple neologisms and foreign borrowings, it contains a significant portion of archaic lexicon. Examination of jargon reveals certain mechanism of word formation, uncommon for the standard lexicon. Knowledge and application of such lexicon is essential for better understanding of the modern fiction literature and periodicals, modern colloquial, translation activity, as well as social differentiation of national language.

Challenges of Fear Conditioning Research in the Age of RDoC

2017 ◽  
Vol 225 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina B. Lonsdorf ◽  
Jan Richter
Keyword(s):  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Future ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Research Domain

Abstract. As the criticism of the definition of the phenotype (i.e., clinical diagnosis) represents the major focus of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative, it is somewhat surprising that discussions have not yet focused more on specific conceptual and procedural considerations of the suggested RDoC constructs, sub-constructs, and associated paradigms. We argue that we need more precise thinking as well as a conceptual and methodological discussion of RDoC domains and constructs, their interrelationships as well as their experimental operationalization and nomenclature. The present work is intended to start such a debate using fear conditioning as an example. Thereby, we aim to provide thought-provoking impulses on the role of fear conditioning in the age of RDoC as well as conceptual and methodological considerations and suggestions to guide RDoC-based fear conditioning research in the future.

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