Going Alone or Together? A Configurational Analysis of Solo Founding vs. Cofounding

Research and practice suggest that cofounded ventures outperform solo-founded ventures. Yet, little work has explored the conditions under which solo founding might be preferable to cofounding. Combining an inductive case-oriented analysis with a Qualitative Comparative Analysis of 70 new entrepreneurial ventures, we examine why and how solo founders can be as successful as their peers in cofounded ventures. We find that successful solo founders strategically use a set of cocreators rather than cofounders to overcome liabilities, retain control, and mobilize resources in unique and unexpected ways. A primary contribution of this paper is an emergent configurational theory of entrepreneurial organizing. Overall, we reveal the broader significance and theoretical importance of adopting a configurational lens for both practitioners and scholars of entrepreneurship.

Identifying Pathways to Peace: How International Support Can Help Prevent Conflict Recurrence

This article provides new evidence on how the international community can effectively foster peace after civil war. It expands the current literature's narrow focus on either peacekeeping or aggregated aid flows, adopting a comprehensive, yet disaggregated, view on international peacebuilding efforts. We distinguish five areas of peacebuilding support (peacekeeping, nonmilitary security support, support for politics and governance, for socioeconomic development, and for societal conflict transformation) and analyze which types or combinations are particularly effective and in which context. Applying configurational analysis (qualitative comparative analysis) to all thirty-six post-civil war peace episodes between 1990 and 2014, we find that (1) peacekeeping is only one important component of effective post-conflict support, (2) the largest share of peaceful cases can be explained by support for politics and governance, (3) only combined international efforts across all types of support can address difficult contexts, and (4) countries neglected by the international community are highly prone to experiencing conflict recurrence. Three case studies shed light on underlying causal mechanisms.

Configurational Analysis of the Driving Paths of Chinese Digital Economy Based on the Technology–Organization–Environment Framework

The purpose of this study was to examine the combinations of factors driving the digital economy and their configurational pathways, based on the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework. Using data on 31 Chinese provinces, the study integrated the TOE framework with Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) to examine the digital economy. The results indicate that (a) firms’ digital competence is a necessary condition for the development of the digital economy; (b) four pathways drive high levels of digital economic development and three pathways lead to low levels of digital economic development; and (c) these pathways indicate asymmetry between high and low levels of digital economic development. The findings enhance understanding of the complex interactions of multiple factors driving the digital economy. They also yield policy recommendations for the development of the digital economy.

ГРАМАТИЧЕСКИ ФОРМАЛИЗМИ В ПОМОЩ НА ГРАМАТИКОГРАФИЯТА / GRAMMATICAL FORMALISMS IN AID OF GRAMMATICOGRAPHY

This paper presents some of the results of a larger study dedicated to the path of grammatical knowledge from the ancient Greek-Byzantine grammatical treatises to the Eastern Orthodox Slavic world, to the Bulgarian grammatical tradition from the Na-tional Revival period. The focus is on the syntactic element of the grammatical description. A formal notation of the sentence sections in the grammars of Avram Mrazović, Yuriy Venelin and Ivan Bogorov is enclosed to the end of comparing the “art and craft of writing grammars”. Grammatical formalisms have proved to be a reliable tool in the analytical procedures in the phylogenetic study of the Bulgarian syntactic tradition, as well as in the configurational analysis of the sentence, which departs from the practice of asking “questions” and looks into the fundamental property of “syntactic function” through the prism of modern grammar. Keywords: Bulgarian syntactic tradition, grammaticography, grammatical forma-lisms