Adsorption of Iron (II) Ion by Using Magnetite-Bentonite-Based Monolith from Water

In this study, iron removal was carried out by the adsorption process as a well-known method of removing heavy metal. Natural bentonite with magnetic properties in a monolithic form or Magnetite-Bentonite-based Monolith (MBM) adsorbent was used as an adsorbent to remove Iron (II) ion from the aqueous solution. The magnetic properties of adsorbents are obtained by adding magnetite (Fe3O4), which is synthesized by the coprecipitation process. The characterization of magnetic properties was performed using the Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). VSM results showed that the magnetic particles were ferromagnetic. Adsorption efficiency, isotherm model, and adsorption kinetics were investigated in a batch system with iron solution concentration varied from 2 to 10 mg/L and magnetite loading at 2% and 5% w/w. The highest removal efficiency obtained reached 89% with a 5% magnetite loading. The best fit to the data was obtained with the Langmuir isotherm (non-linear) with maximum monolayer adsorption capacity (Qo) at 5% magnetic loading MBM adsorbent is 0.203 mg/g with Langmuir constants KL and aL are 2.055 L/g and 10.122 L/mg respectively. The pseudo-first-order (non-linear) kinetic model provides the best correlation of the experimental data with the rate of adsorption (k1) with magnetite loading 2% and 5%, respectively are 0.024 min-1 and 0.022 min-1.

Preliminary Ions Removal from Synthetic Iron Solution by Zeolite and Perlite via XRF Technique

Ion removal is a long problem on natural freshwater resources. In order to modify the adsorption performance to remove ions from standard iron solution, natural zeolite and natural perlite were treated with deionized water (DI water) as D-zeolite and D-perlite. And, 1M sulphuric acid (H2SO4) was used to treat the adsorbent as H-zeolite and H-perlite. The capability of ion removal was preliminarily investigated from the reduction of iron in solution by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The result showed that treatment of adsorbents with DI water was more capability than 1M H2SO4 solution.

PENURUNAN KADAR BESI (II) PADA AIR BERSIH MENGGUNAKAN AMPAS DAUN TEH DIAKTIVASI

The production of dried tea leaves and tea consumption in Indonesia has increased from year to year. This condition was directly proportional to the spent tea leaves produced. Spent tea leaves contained 37% cellulose which can adsorb heavy metals in polluted water. Iron (II) metal was often found in high concentrations in ground water, so a treatment process was needed. This study aimed to analyze the removal of iron (II) in water by using activated spent tea leaves.The type of this research was true experiment with a pretest-posttest controlled group design. Spent tea leaves with size 80 mesh was activated with 0.1 N HCl for 36 hours. The method was carried out with a batch system in an artificial iron solution the initial concentration was 9.85 mg / L, with mass of adsorbent was 10 grams, pH = 7, stirring speed 100 rpm, contact time 15 minutes, 25 minutes, and 35 minutes. Measurement of iron levels was carried out before and after treatment using the SSA method. FTIR test carried out before and after activated spent tea leaves were used adsorption. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and analytically (One-way Anova Test and LSD Test).The results showed that activated spent tea leaves can remove iron (II) levels in water. The result of One-way Anova test and LSD test, the higgest removal of iron (II) occurred at 35 minutes contact time with adsorption efficiency was 90.36%. FTIR test results showed that activated spent tea leaves in this study contained functional groups were O-H, C-H, C=O, C=C, and C-N.This study concluded that activated spent tea leaves can remove iron (II) in water. The higgest removal of iron (II) occurred at 35 minutes contact time. Further research is needed to achieve 100% adsorption efficiency and find an effort to reduce turbidity in sample water after treatment. Keywords: Clean Water, Iron (II), Spent tea leaves

PENURUNAN KADAR BESI (II) PADA AIR BERSIH MENGGUNAKAN AMPAS DAUN TEH DIAKTIVASI

The production of dried tea leaves and tea consumption in Indonesia has increased from year to year. This condition was directly proportional to the spent tea leaves produced. Spent tea leaves contained 37% cellulose which can adsorb heavy metals in polluted water. Iron (II) metal was often found in high concentrations in ground water, so a treatment process was needed. This study aimed to analyze the removal of iron (II) in water by using activated spent tea leaves.The type of this research was true experiment with a pretest-posttest controlled group design. Spent tea leaves with size 80 mesh was activated with 0.1 N HCl for 36 hours. The method was carried out with a batch system in an artificial iron solution the initial concentration was 9.85 mg / L, with mass of adsorbent was 10 grams, pH = 7, stirring speed 100 rpm, contact time 15 minutes, 25 minutes, and 35 minutes. Measurement of iron levels was carried out before and after treatment using the SSA method. FTIR test carried out before and after activated spent tea leaves were used adsorption. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and analytically (One-way Anova Test and LSD Test).The results showed that activated spent tea leaves can remove iron (II) levels in water. The result of One-way Anova test and LSD test, the higgest removal of iron (II) occurred at 35 minutes contact time with adsorption efficiency was 90.36%. FTIR test results showed that activated spent tea leaves in this study contained functional groups were O-H, C-H, C=O, C=C, and C-N.This study concluded that activated spent tea leaves can remove iron (II) in water. The higgest removal of iron (II) occurred at 35 minutes contact time. Further research is needed to achieve 100% adsorption efficiency and find an effort to reduce turbidity in sample water after treatment.

Effects of Different Iron Concentrations on Physiology of Prunus davidiana Seedlings

In order to study the changes of the photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant enzyme activity and osmotic adjuster content, the Prunus davidiana seedlings were cultured into Hoagland nutrient solution which added various concentrations of iron solution. Then the results showed that photosynthetic pigment content and antioxidant enzyme activity were all higher in iron-treated P. davidiana seedlings, compared with that in control seedlings. When increased iron concentration up to 10 mg/L, the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and the total chlorophyll content gradually rose, but decreased at iron concentrations of 20, 30, 40 and 60 mg/L. Irrigating iron concentration of 60 mg/L was the best way to increase the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. But for chlorophyll a/b ratio, it was the highest in no-iron seedlings. Moreover, the soluble protein content was the highest at iron concentration of 30 mg/L, but the lowest at 10 mg/L. Thus, the study concluded that irrigating iron solution could improve the growth and resistance to adverse circumstances of P. davidiana seedlings.

Magnetite synthesis from ferrous iron solution at pH 6.8 in a continuous stirred tank reactor

Partial oxidation of defined Fe2+ solutions is a well-known method for magnetite synthesis in batch systems. The partial oxidation method could serve as basis for an iron removal process in drinking water production, yielding magnetite (Fe3O4) as a compact and valuable product. As a first step toward such a process, a series of experiments was carried out, in which magnetite was synthesized from an Fe2+ solution in a 2 L continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) at atmospheric pressure and 32 °C. In four experiments, elevating the pH from an initial value of 5.5 or 6.0 to a final value of 6.8, 7.0 or 7.5 caused green rust to form, eventually leading to magnetite. Formation of NH4+ in the reactor indicated that NO3− and subsequently NO2− served as the oxidant. However, mass flow analysis revealed an influx of O2 to the reactor. In a subsequent experiment, magnetite formation was achieved in the absence of added nitrate. In another experiment, seeding with magnetite particles led to additional magnetite precipitation without the need for a pH elevation step. Our results show, for the first time, that continuous magnetite formation from an Fe2+ solution is possible under mild conditions, without the need for extensive addition of chemicals.