Modeling of individual teleradiographic indicators according to the Steiner method for Ukrainian young men with wide and young women with a very wide and wide face types

Cephalometric methods of analysis of lateral teleradiograms are one of the key elements of orthodontic planning of treatment of a patient with pathology of the dental-jaw system. Determining normative teleradiographic indicators for the local population is a key step for the successful application of one or another method of analysis, in particular, for Ukraine. The aim of the study was to construct and analyze regression models of teleradiographic parameters used in the Steiner method for Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognathic occlusion with different face types. 49 young men and 76 young women with orthognathic occlusion in the software OnyxCeph³™, version 3DPro, the company Image Instruments GmbH, Germany (license № URSQ-1799) conducted a cephalometric study using the Steiner method. The division into facial types was performed using the Garson index. Cephalometric parameters were divided into three groups: the first – indicators used in cephalometric analyzes of Schwarz, Ricketts, Steiner, Roth-Jarabak, Burstone and Bjork and are included in the parameters that usually do not change during surgical and orthodontic treatment; the second – dental-maxillary characteristics according to the Steiner method which surgical methods can be used to change the length, width, angles and position of the jaws; third – indicators according to the Steiner method that characterize the position of each tooth relative to each other, cranial structures and the profile of the soft tissues of the face. Modeling of individual teleradiographic indicators was performed in the licensed package “Statistica 6.0” using step-by-step regression analysis. When analyzing reliable models of teleradiographic indicators according to the Steiner method, which were included in the second group depending on the indicators of the first group with a coefficient of determination higher than 0.6, it was found that out of 7 possible, 5 models were built for young men with a wide face type, which most often include the value of the distances Ar-Go and N-S and the angles H and N-S-Ar; young women with a very wide type of face – 3 models (R²=from 0.604 to 0.812) which most often include the value of the angles N-S-Ar and H; in young women with a wide type of face – 4 models (R²= from 0.694 to 0.771) which most often include the value of the angles POr-NBa and H, the distance P-PTV and the ratio S-ar:ar-Go. When analyzing reliable models of teleradiographic indicators according to the Steiner method, which were included in the third group depending on the indicators of the first and second groups with a coefficient of determination higher than 0.6, it was found that out of 8 possible in young people with a wide face type, 7 models were built (R²= from 0.662 to 0.946). which most often include the magnitude of the angles ANB and SN-GoGn and the distance P-PTV; in young women with a very wide face type – 4 models (R²= from 0.635 to 0.844) which most often include the value of the angles ANB, SNA, POr-NBa and the distance Pog-NB; in young women with a wide type of face – 6 models (R²= from 0.617 to 0.923), which most often include the value of the distances Pog-NB and N-CC and the angle ANB. Construction of regression models of teleradiographic indicators used in the Steiner method in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognathic occlusion is the foundation for creating a database of normative cephalometric indicators in Ukraine, which will provide dental care to the population at the current level.

Monitoring of Water Level Change in a Dam from High-Resolution SAR Data

Accurate measurement of water levels and variations in lakes and reservoirs is crucial for water management. The retrieval of the accurate variations in water levels in lakes and reservoirs with small widths from high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images such as the TerraSAR add-on for Digital Elevation Measurements (TanDEM-X) and COnstellation of small Satellites for the Mediterranean basin Observation (COSMO-SkyMed) are presented here. A detailed digital surface model (DSM) for the upstream face of the dam was constructed using SAR interferometry with TanDEM-X data to estimate the water level. The elevation of the waterline below that of the interferometric SAR (InSAR) DSM was estimated based on upstream face modeling. The waterline boundary detected using the SAR Edge Detection Hough Transform algorithm was applied to the restored DSM. The SAR-derived water level variations showed a high correlation coefficient of 0.99 and a gradient of 1.08 with the gauged data. The difference between the gauged data and SAR-derived data was within ±1 m, and the standard deviation of the residual was 0.60 m. These results suggest that water level estimation can be used as an operational supplement for traditional gauged data at remote sites.

Review Paper on “Real time Speech-Driven Facial Animation Using GANs”

Speech driven facial animation can be regarded as a speech-to-face translation. Speech driven facial motion synthesis involves Speech analysis and face modeling. This method makes use of still image of a person and speech signals to produce an animation of a talking character. Our method makes use of GAN classifier to obtain better lip synchronizing with audio. GAN methodology also helps to obtain realistic facial expressions thereby making a talking character more effective. Factors such as lip-syncing accuracy, sharpness, and ability to create high -quality faces and natural blinks are taken into consideration by this system. GANs are mainly used in case of image generation as adversarial loss generates sharper and more depictive images. Along with images, GANs can also handle videos easily.

Intelligent vehicle modeling design based on image processing

With the urgent demand of consumers for diversified automobile modeling, simple, efficient, and intelligent automobile modeling analysis and modeling method is an urgent problem to be solved in current automobile modeling design. The purpose of this article is to analyze the modeling preference and trend of the current automobile market in time, which can assist the modeling design of new models of automobile main engine factories and strengthen their branding family. Intelligent rapid modeling shortens the current modeling design cycle, so that the product rapid iteration is to occupy an active position in the automotive market. In this article, aiming at the family analysis of automobile front face, the image database of automobile front face modeling analysis was created. The database included two data sets of vehicle signs and no vehicle signs, and the image data of vehicle front face modeling of most models of 22 domestic mainstream brands were collected. Then, this article adopts the image classification processing method in computer vision to conduct car brand classification training on the database. Based on ResNet-8 and other model architectures, it trains and classifies the intelligent vehicle brand classification database with and without vehicle label. Finally, based on the shape coefficient, a 3D wireframe model and a curved surface model are obtained. The experimental results show that the 3D curve model can be obtained based on a single image from any angle, which greatly shortens the modeling period by 92%.

Tinjauan Literatur Sistematik Tentang Penerapan Motion Capture Pada Proses Produksi Animasi

Motion capture adalah metode atraktif untuk membuat gerakan dalam animasi komputer. Mocap dapat menyajikan gerakan yang realistis dan memberikan nuansa dan detil khususnya pada pameran tertentu. Mocap memungkinkan bagi aktor dan sutradara untuk bekerja bersama membuat gerakan tertentu yang diinginkan, yang itu akan sulit dilakukan pada animator yang bekerja secara manual. Teknologi motion capture dibutuhkan dalam berbagai aplikasi, khususnya animasi yang terus berkembang pesat. Teknik yang digunakan dapat menggunakan penanda maupun tanpa penanda (markerless). Ada banyak algoritma untuk motion capture salah satunya metode Active Appearance Model (AAM). Metode ini mampu melakukan capture titik-titik landmark pada wajah dengan baik. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk mengembangkan teknik markerless motion capture dengan menggunakan AAM pada wajah. Dari metode yang ada perlu diketahui mana metode yang paling efektif untuk digunakan, untuk itu penelitian ini membandingkan dua metode AAM, yaitu IAIA (Inverse Additive Image Alignment) dan ICIA (Inverse Compositional Image Alignment) yang dilakukan secara real time. AAM merupakan metode yang sering digunakan pada pemodelan wajah (face modeling). Namun, AAM dapat juga bermanfaat untuk implementasi lainnya. Dalam aplikasi tertentu, langkah pertama adalah mencocokan AAM dengan gambar, yakni parameter model ditemukan terlebih dahulu untuk memaksi-malkan kecocokan antara contoh model dengan gambar input.