scholarly journals Review Paper on “Real time Speech-Driven Facial Animation Using GANs”

2021 ◽  
pp. 242-246
Author(s):  
Manasi Kshirsagar ◽  
Bhagyashree B Hoite ◽  
Prashika Sonawane ◽  
Pooja Malpure
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Facial Animation ◽  
Speech Analysis ◽  
Image Generation ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Face Modeling ◽  
Still Image ◽  
Effective Factors ◽  
Facial Motion

Speech driven facial animation can be regarded as a speech-to-face translation. Speech driven facial motion synthesis involves Speech analysis and face modeling. This method makes use of still image of a person and speech signals to produce an animation of a talking character. Our method makes use of GAN classifier to obtain better lip synchronizing with audio. GAN methodology also helps to obtain realistic facial expressions thereby making a talking character more effective. Factors such as lip-syncing accuracy, sharpness, and ability to create high -quality faces and natural blinks are taken into consideration by this system. GANs are mainly used in case of image generation as adversarial loss generates sharper and more depictive images. Along with images, GANs can also handle videos easily.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Sintesis Ekspresi Wajah Realistik pada Sistem Animasi Wajah 3D dengan Teknologi Motion Capture

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Samuel Gandang Gunanto
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Motion Capture ◽  
Facial Animation ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
Face Model ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Facial Motion ◽  
Unique Shape ◽  
Micro Expression

The human face has a unique shape and size, as well as a 3D character face model. The facial animation of 3D virtual characters is mostly done manually by moving the rigging in each frame. The more characters used, the more production costs that must be incurred. The absence of a cheap facial motion transfers system is also one of the reasons why not many studios are using motion capture technology in Indonesia.This research will evaluate the implementation of a facial expression synthetically using motion capture technology built from radial basis function (RBF) as a method of marker transfer as a reference for rigging movement in point cluster system. Testing is done by approaching facial expressions according to FACS theory and questionnaire of synthesis results.The experimental results show that according to FACS theory the requirement of expression formation has been fulfilled by referring to changes in facial features, but the implementation is not always able to describe perfectly the desired condition, namely the average percentage of faces easily recognizable by 35.53%. Therefore, the influence of animators in the control of micro expression improvements or the addition of exaggeration principle elements in the manufacture of facial animation is very important to produce facial expressions that are easily recognized by the audience.

scholarly journals McStas (ii): An overview of components, their use, and advice for user contributions

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-27
Author(s):  
Peter Kjær Willendrup ◽  
Kim Lefmann
Keyword(s):  
Review Paper ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Physical Elements ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Continuous Source ◽  
Component Class

A key element of the success of McStas is the component layer where users and developers alike are contributing to the description of new physical models and features. In McStas, components realise all physical elements of the simulated instrument from source via optics and samples to detector. In this second review paper of the McStas package, we present an overview of the component classes in McStas: sources, monitors, optics, samples, misc, and contrib. Within each component class we give thorough examples of high-quality components, including their algorithms and example use. We present two example instruments, one for a continuous source and one for a time-of-flight source, that together demonstrate the use of the main component classes. Finally, we give tips and instructions that will allow the reader to write good components and elucidate the pathway of contributing new components to McStas.

Spontaneous Facial Expression Analysis and Synthesis for Interactive Facial Animation

2011 ◽  
pp. 20-37
Author(s):  
Yongmian Zhang ◽  
Jixu Chen ◽  
Yan Tong ◽  
Qiang Ji
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Facial Animation ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Perceptual Quality ◽  
Facial Action ◽  
Facial Expression Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis

This chapter describes a probabilistic framework for faithful reproduction of spontaneous facial expressions on a synthetic face model in a real time interactive application. The framework consists of a coupled Bayesian network (BN) to unify the facial expression analysis and synthesis into one coherent structure. At the analysis end, we cast the facial action coding system (FACS) into a dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) to capture relationships between facial expressions and the facial motions as well as their uncertainties and dynamics. The observations fed into the DBN facial expression model are measurements of facial action units (AUs) generated by an AU model. Also implemented by a DBN, the AU model captures the rigid head movements and nonrigid facial muscular movements of a spontaneous facial expression. At the synthesizer, a static BN reconstructs the Facial Animation Parameters (FAPs) and their intensity through the top-down inference according to the current state of facial expression and pose information output by the analysis end. The two BNs are connected statically through a data stream link. The novelty of using the coupled BN brings about several benefits. First, a facial expression is inferred through both spatial and temporal inference so that the perceptual quality of animation is less affected by the misdetection of facial features. Second, more realistic looking facial expressions can be reproduced by modeling the dynamics of human expressions in facial expression analysis. Third, very low bitrate (9 bytes per frame) in data transmission can be achieved.

scholarly journals What you see is what you get: visual scanning failures of naturalistic social scenes in schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gaurav H. Patel ◽  
Sophie C. Arkin ◽  
Daniel R. Ruiz-Betancourt ◽  
Heloise M. DeBaun ◽  
Nicole E. Strauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Peripheral Vision ◽  
Visual Scanning ◽  
Facial Motion ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Social Scene ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Social Scenes

Abstract Background Impairments in social cognition contribute significantly to disability in schizophrenia patients (SzP). Perception of facial expressions is critical for social cognition. Intact perception requires an individual to visually scan a complex dynamic social scene for transiently moving facial expressions that may be relevant for understanding the scene. The relationship of visual scanning for these facial expressions and social cognition remains unknown. Methods In 39 SzP and 27 healthy controls (HC), we used eye-tracking to examine the relationship between performance on The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT), which tests social cognition using naturalistic video clips of social situations, and visual scanning, measuring each individual's relative to the mean of HC. We then examined the relationship of visual scanning to the specific visual features (motion, contrast, luminance, faces) within the video clips. Results TASIT performance was significantly impaired in SzP for trials involving sarcasm (p < 10−5). Visual scanning was significantly more variable in SzP than HC (p < 10−6), and predicted TASIT performance in HC (p = 0.02) but not SzP (p = 0.91), differing significantly between groups (p = 0.04). During the visual scanning, SzP were less likely to be viewing faces (p = 0.0001) and less likely to saccade to facial motion in peripheral vision (p = 0.008). Conclusions SzP show highly significant deficits in the use of visual scanning of naturalistic social scenes to inform social cognition. Alterations in visual scanning patterns may originate from impaired processing of facial motion within peripheral vision. Overall, these results highlight the utility of naturalistic stimuli in the study of social cognition deficits in schizophrenia.

High-Quality Panoramic Image Generation Using Multiple PAL Images

2014 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiji Shibata ◽  
Satoshi Araki ◽  
Kei Maeda ◽  
Yuukou Horita
Keyword(s):  
Image Generation ◽  
Panoramic Image ◽  
High Quality

scholarly journals A Review on Epoxy and Polyester Based Polymer Concrete and Exploration of Polyfurfuryl Alcohol as Polymer Concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Furfuryl Alcohol ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Polymeric Systems ◽  
Thermoset Resins ◽  
Polyfurfuryl Alcohol

Petroleum based epoxy and polyester based thermoset resins can be used to produce high-quality polymer concrete. However, petroleum based resources are finite and this has necessitated the development of thermoset bioresins to be used as polymer concrete. Furfuryl alcohol (FA), a thermoset bioresin, is derived from lignocellulosic biomass and it can be polymerized into polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA) in the presence of an acid catalyst. The highly exothermic polymerization reactions involving conversion of FA to PFA can be used to fabricate PFA based concrete with rock-like structure. The PFA based polymer concrete offers the broadest range of chemical resistance against acid and alkali over all other types of polymer concrete which are based upon different thermoset polymeric systems. In this review paper, we have discussed the formulations (incorporation of aggregates, fillers, and resin) and properties (especially compressive and flexural) of epoxy and polyester based polymer concrete. In another section, we have given the mechanical, thermal, and water resistance properties of PFA based biopolymer, biocomposites, nanocomposites, and polymer concrete. Lastly, we have tried to explore whether PFA can be used successfully as biopolymer concrete or not.

3-D FACE MODELING AND ITS APPLICATIONS

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (05) ◽  
pp. 491-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS S. HUANG ◽  
LI-AN TANG
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Computer Animation ◽  
Video Sequence ◽  
Human Face ◽  
Face Modeling ◽  
Human Face Recognition ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Human Faces ◽  
Sequence Compression

This paper describes some issues in building a 3-D human face modeling system which mainly consists of three parts: • Modeling human faces; • Analyzing facial motions; • Synthesizing facial expressions. A variety of techniques developed for this system are described in detail in this paper. Some preliminary results of applying this system to computer animation, video sequence compression and human face recognition are also shown.

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