The Contribution of Spatial Interaction Modelling to Spatial History: The Case of Central Places and their Hinterlands in the Territory of the Austro-Hungarian Empire

Research on spatial history can be enriched by using approaches from quantitative geography. We analyse an historical regional system and highlight three basic assumptions, building upon Christaller’s central place theory: cities do not stand alone in space, they interact with their hinterlands, and they are hierarchically organised. We investigate the relative position of central places in space and define their hinterlands using a spatial interaction modelling approach. We present the example of functional regional taxonomy in past environments, which therefore has a higher degree of uncertainty in the results and in their interpretation. We use a variant of Reilly’s model to define the functional regions in Austria-Hungary at the beginning and at the end of the 20th century. We present a possible interpretation of the model results based on the identification of the major factors responsible for developments in the urban and regional systems of Austria-Hungary over 100 years. We conclude that the development of urban and regional systems in the territory of the former Austria-Hungary was not considerably affected by the role of political-economic systems, the administrative organisation of states, nor by the different stages in economic development of its formerly constituent territories.

Light propagation and interaction modelling in ring fibre nonlinear microcavities

Usage of the ”Cabaret” explicit-implicit numerical scheme is proposed to model field dynamics both in microcavities and fibre cavities. Two opposite running waves are investigated with a number of the nonlinear effects included in the model, with potential to include more if necessary.

Fluid-Structure Interaction Modelling of a Soft Pneumatic Actuator

This paper presents a fully coupled fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation model of a soft pneumatic actuator (SPA). Previous research on modelling and simulation of SPAs mostly involves finite element modelling (FEM), in which the fluid pressure is considered as pressure load uniformly acting on the internal walls of the actuator. However, FEM modelling does not capture the physics of the fluid flow inside an SPA. An accurate modelling of the physical behaviour of an SPA requires a two-way FSI analysis that captures and transfers information from fluid to solid and vice versa. Furthermore, the investigation of the fluid flow inside the flow channels and chambers of the actuator are vital for an understanding of the fluid energy distribution and the prediction of the actuator performance. The FSI modelling is implemented on a typical SPA and the flow behaviour inside the actuator is presented. Moreover, the bending behaviour of the SPA from the FSI simulation results is compared with a corresponding FEM simulation.

Semantic interoperability of interaction of elements in network-centric systems.

In the paper is proposed an approach for semantic interaction modelling of network-centric system elements and their context parameters based on the multi-agent approach and the systems, capabilities, operations, programs, and enterprises model for interoperability assessment. The peculiarity of this approach is that the elements of a network-centric system are formalized as agents of various types (human agents and technical cognitive agents), where the semantic interaction is determined by the agent goals, the subject area of interaction and the context. In addition, correct of interaction interpretation is determined the agent's knowledge model. The current study takes place as a part of Russian Foundation for basic research finance project no. 19-07-00774.