The Coexistence of Gonadal Dysgenesis With Mayer-rokitansky-küster-hauser Syndrome, and Dandy-Walker Variant

Background: Gonadal dysgenesis, the most common cause of primary amenorrhea, is characterized by absent or underdeveloped ovaries. Although the coexistence of gonadal dysgenesis and Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) has been reported, it is still quite infrequent. To the extent that authors searched, just one study reported the association between Rokitansky sequence and Dandy-Walker malformation. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: We aimed to report a case with gonadal dysgenesis, MRKH, and the Dandy-Walker variant. In this care report, the authors reported a 15-year-old girl with primary amenorrhea and underdeveloped secondary sexual properties. Her karyotype was 46, XX. The abdominopelvic MRI without contrast demonstrated bilateral ovarian agenesis and no uterus or cervix. Vagina was normal in length. Brain MRI was consistent with the Dandy-Walker variant. Conclusion: Although some affected chromosomal regions have been identified, further genetic analyses should be performed to elucidate the probable association between these anomalies.

Foetal wastages and some gross reproductive abnormalities in small ruminants slaughtered at Dogarawa slaughter slab Zaria, Kaduna State

Introduction: Slaughtering of pregnant animals resulting in foetal wastages abound in many countries of the world. The practice of slaughtering of gravid animals in Nigeria is largely due to lower economic standards of the citizens. This study was to establish the nature and incidence of reproductive abnormalities and foetal wastages in small ruminants observed at Dogarawa slaughter slab Zaria, Kaduna state. Methods: Ante-mortem and post-mortem examinations of the genital tract of slaughtered small ruminants were conducted using visual examination, palpation and incision. A total of 1695 animals slaughtered on weekends (Saturdays and Sundays) within the months of August and September 2019 were examined. A total of 1158 bucks, 264 does, 111 ewes and 162 rams were slaughtered. Values obtained were presented in percentages using Microsoft excel, 2016. Results: A total of 52 foetal wastages were recorded (71.15% in sheep and 28.85% in goats). Abnormalities of the ovaries observed include ovarian hypertrophy (6.25%), the cystic follicle (12.5%) and unilateral ovarian agenesis (6.25%), which were detected at post-mortem examination. Abnormalities of the uterus observed were pyometra (6.25%), hydrometra (6.25%), metritis (12.5%) and uterine atrophy (6.25%). Supernumerary teats (25%) and mastitis (18.75%) were also observed. Ante-mortem and post-mortem gross pathological conditions of the male reproductive tract revealed; cryptorchidism (41.18%), paraphimosis (11.26%), testicular hypoplasia (5.88%), epididymitis (29.41%) and balanoposthitis (11.76%). Significance: The results from this study revealed various types of reproductive anomalies in animals brought to slaughter. The study also revealed the practice of slaughtering of pregnant animals resulting in foetal wastages.

A Study of Congenital abnormalities of the Non-Pregnant genitalia in cows: 1. Ovaries and uterine tubes

The current study was conducted to detect the pathological conditions of the congenital abnormalities of ovaries and uterine tubes of cows slaughtered at the abattoir in Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region-Iraq. The pathological conditions were subjected to a macroscopic and microscopic examination of 404 samples of female genitalia collected from slaughtered non-pregnant cows, during the period from February to September 2014 from the Qaragol slaughterhouse twice a week. The organs were observed macroscopically for pathological abnormalities and stained tissues with Haematoxylin and eosin. They were examined under microscope for determination of the type of lesion present in the organ. Among the 404 genitalia samples collected from the non-pregnant animals, 206 (51%) were found without gross pathological abnormalities and (with cyclic activity) and the 30 (7.43%) samples were found with gross congenital abnormalities of ovaries and uterine tubes. Detected lesions in the ovaries and uterine tubes included paraovarian cysts 3.21%, ovarian hypoplasia 1.98%, ovarian agenesis 0.50%, aplasia of uterine tube 0.99%, segmental aplasia of uterine tube 0.50% and accessory of uterine tube 0.25%. The histopathological sections of paraovarian cyst showed a single layer of tubal-type ciliated cuboidal epithelial cells resting on a thin layer of fibrous tissue, the section of ovarian hypoplasia showed lack of ovarian follicles and oocytes, which instead are replaced by bands fibrovascular stroma. The partial duplication of uterine tube was observed, which was about 6 cm from the uterotubal junction and extended distally for a distance of 4 cm that was found in right side of tracts. It was concluded that the paraovarian cysts were the most common congenital abnormalities of ovaries and uterine tubes in non-pregnant cows.

Congenital Malformations of the Reproductive Tract in a Patient with Poland Syndrome: Is There a Connection

Background: Poland syndrome and Müllerian duct agenesis (Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser(MRKH)-like syndrome) are two rare congenital anomalies with unclear etiology. Case Report: An 18-year-old female presented with hypoplasia of the left pectoralis muscles and subcutaneous tissue, hypoplasia of the left breast and nipple, and dextrocardia, typical in those with a severe form of Poland syndrome. She also showed aplasia of the vagina and uterus, bilateral ovarian agenesis, and hyperandrogenism, presenting as MRKH-like syndrome. Conclusion: It is plausible to assume that these two congenital anomalies which arose from distant sites may be interrelated. More cases and further studies will certainly help delineate the pathogenesis of these syndromes.