Pemanfaatan citra kamera inframerah thermal (kit) untuk mendeteksi area inflamasi pada tubuh manusia

Inflammation is an indication of an abnormality in the human body. Cases of inflammation occur accompanied by changes in temperature on the surface of the body. The location and location of the spread of inflammation cannot be seen solely by the human eye in detail. An imaging modality tool that is suitable for use in observing this problem is needed. In this study, the Thermal Infrared Camera (TIC) is used as an imaging modality. Samples in the form of a pair of legs in which one part of inflammation occurs are used as research objects. TIC is an imaging modality tool that can detect temperatures on the surface of an object quickly and is nondestructive. The results of the TIC image are processed using the global thresholding image processing method to distinguish between the inflammatory areas and normal areas more specifically. The results displayed indicate that there are differences in the image between the area of inflammation with the normal area of the patient's feet. The results of image processing data in the form of binary images show between the inflammatory area represented by white and vice versa the normal area represented by black. A comparison between the two conditions of the patient's feet before and after recovery shows the shrinkage of the area. There are two main results obtained in the exploration of this research, which is successful in distinguishing the inflammatory area from the normal area and the progress of recovery from the legs of the affected patient.

Estimación del crecimiento de dos especies de Pinus de la Región Centro de Guerrero, México

Resumen La aplicación de modelos de crecimiento para árboles individuales en bosques mezclados permite realizar estimaciones a nivel de la unidad de manejo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los modelos de crecimiento en diámetro normal, área basal, altura total y volumen fustal de Chapman-Richards, Schumacher, Hossfeld I y Weibull para árboles individuales de Pinus pseudostrobus y Pinus oocarpa de Guerrero, México. Mediante muestreo selectivo se recolectaron 27 árboles dominantes y 28 codominantes para reconstruir los perfiles de árboles ordenados en grupos de diez años, por medio de la técnica de análisis troncales. La selección de los mejores modelos para cada variable se realizó con base en el coeficiente de determinación ajustado, la raíz del error medio cuadrático, las propiedades de los parámetros y las tendencias lógicas de crecimiento. Los resultados indican que el modelo de Schumacher fue el mejor para estimar el crecimiento en diámetro normal y la altura en ambas especies, así como el área basal de Pinus pseudostrobus y el volumen de Pinus oocarpa; mientras que, el modelo de Chapman-Richards fue el mejor para estimar el área basal de Pinus oocarpa y el volumen para Pinus pseudostrobus. Las edades estimadas del turno para volumen en Pinus oocarpa fueron de 62 años y para Pinus pseudostrobus de 82 años.

Quantitative Evaluation of the Relationship between Magnetic Resonance Elastic Value and Pathological Grade of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Magnetic Resonance Elastography

Objectives: To try another non-invasive method to evaluate the relationship between Magnetic Resonance (MR) elastic value and pathological grade of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) using Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE). Methods: Forty-seven HCC patients underwent MR Imaging (MRI), elastography in the upper abdomen. The elastic value of the lesion area was measured, and that of the normal liver tissue was measured adjacent to the lesion area at the same level. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the difference in elasticity between the lesion area and normal area, and the difference between the low and middle-high differentiation groups. The Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) of the lesion area and normal area in the complete case group and different differentiation groups were used to determine the diagnostic cut-off value to distinguish the lesion area from the normal area in each group. Results: (1) There was a significant difference in elasticity between the normal area and HCC area (p<0.001). The diagnostic cut-off value was 4842 Pa. (2) There was a significant difference in elasticity between the low-and middle-high differentiation groups (p<0.001). The diagnostic cut-off value was 10456 Pa. (3) There was a statistically significant correlation between the elastic value on MRE and degree of pathological differentiation of HCC in the two groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: The elastic value of HCC measured using MRE can be used to evaluate the degree of pathological differentiation of HCC. MRE may be a non-invasive and reliable method for evaluating the pathological grade of HCC.

The Role of Family in Islamic Education in the New Normal Area

Family is the first education for children. In the neigbhourhood the child gets the influence, because that is the family is the highest educational institution. It is in this family that the child gets care from the parents heading in the direction its development. Before a child knows the environment, the social, the school and the outside world. He was first influenced by his family environment, especially his parents. This research methode uses qualitative approach, with a purpose to obtain data related to Islamic education within community. This research more focuses on role of the parents themselves in Islamic education in the new normal era. Basic conclusion obtained from this research is parents who have significant role in educating their children.The first thing is very important implanted in yourselves sons of the in the process of education first this is planting religious values .Its very important as early as possible in yourselves sons of the basic must be built strong religious provide financial support for him to lived his life.

Remote brain hemorrhage after IV thrombolysis

ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that remote intracerebral hemorrhages (r-ICHs) after IV thrombolysis occur in preexisting brain lesions.MethodWe prospectively collected baseline data from consecutive patients treated with IV thrombolysis for cerebral ischemia and reviewed their baseline MRI scans to identify preexisting lesions in those who developed r-ICH. We evaluated outcomes with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and defined good outcomes as scores of 0 to 2 or similar to the preexisting mRS score.ResultsOf 944 patients, 24 (2.5%) had r-ICH: lobar in 14, deep in 7, and both in 3. Sixteen of them (1.7% of all patients, 66.7% of those with r-ICH) were asymptomatic. Of the 41 r-ICHs found in these patients, 17 (41%) occurred within a lesion present before thrombolysis: 6 cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), 6 old and 1 recent infarct, and 4 areas of white matter hyperintensity. Patients with r-ICH were more likely to have strictly lobar CMBs (p = 0.049). They were 10 years older (p = 0.007), had a 16–mm Hg higher systolic blood pressure (p = 0.035) at baseline, and had more CMBs (p = 0.007). r-ICHs were better predicted by clinical (age, baseline systolic blood pressure) than imaging (purely lobar CMBs and having >5 CMBs) variables. r-ICHs tended to be associated with worse outcomes.ConclusionWe identified preexisting brain lesions in nearly half of the patients with r-ICH. All were of vascular origin, supporting the hypothesis that r-ICHs occur in preexisting brain lesions. Higher-field machines could help identifying preexisting lesions in those who developed r-ICH in an apparently normal area.

Diversity and abundance of insect pest of low land rice field in Lamahi, Dang district of Nepal

A study on diversity and abundance of insects in rice field was conducted at farmer field of Lamahi, Dang during July to October in 2019. Insects were collected using sweep net and light trap. Overall, 414 insect specimen representing 11 families and 8 orders were collected during the period. Grasshopper (23.98%) with including all species was the most abundance insect found in rice field as it followed by brown plant hopper (16.62%). Among the eight insect orders captured Orthoptera (29.16%) was the most abundance insect order followed by Homoptera (16.62%). As the diversity of insect pest in this area may responsible economic losses was found which will be useful to adapt appropriate management practices to keep them at normal area. The presence of natural enemies should conserve to enhance the natural biological control of insect pests.

Caracterización estructural de una comunidad arbórea de un sistema silvopastoril en una zona de transición florística de Nuevo León

Las comunidades arbóreas con sistemas silvopastoriles desempeñan un papel importante en los ecosistemas áridos y semiáridos del país, al conservar la biodiversidad y el desarrollo de las actividades ganaderas, que son de vital importancia en el norte de México. Con el objetivo de caracterizar una comunidad arbórea de un sistema silvopastoril en una zona de transición de matorral espinoso tamaulipeco y mezquital en Nuevo León, se establecieron cinco sitios de muestreo de 2500 m2, en los cuales se realizó un inventario de todas las especies arbóreas con diámetro a la altura de 1.30 m (DAP) igual o mayor que 7.5 cm. Se evaluaron composición y estructuras vertical y horizontal a través de parámetros estructurales de la vegetación (abundancia relativa, frecuencia relativa, dominancia relativa), índice de valor de importancia, índice de valor forestal y modelos para las variables diámetro normal - área de copa. Las especies principales desde el punto de vista ecológico fueron Prosopis laevigata (Hump. & Bonlp. ex. Willd.) M. C. Johnst. y Ebenopsis ebano (Berland.) Barneby & J. W. Grimes, la comunidad presentó alta densidad de individuos, alta cobertura de copa y una estructura vertical con alta proporción de individuos con altura mayor o igual a 6 m. El modelo lineal mostró los mejores ajustes al presentar un R2 = 0.621. El manejo silvo-pastoril ha conservado y promovido los atributos estructurales de la comunidad vegetal nativa.

ADC mapping with 12 b values: an improved technique for image quality in diffusion prostate MRI

PurposeTo compare diffusion images and coefficients obtained with 4 b-value versus 12 b-value apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping for characterization of prostate lesions and how these coefficients relate and compare to the PI-RADS™ classification and Gleason grading system.MethodsPatients with indications for prostate cancer testing (n=158) underwent multiparametric 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Two diffusion sequences were acquired, one with 4 b values and one with 12 b values. ADC maps were calculated for each (ADC4 and ADC12) and the respective coefficients were tested for correlation with PI-RADS™ classification and Gleason score.ResultsThe ADC12 sequence produced images of superior quality and sharpness than ADC4. Normal-area means (ADC4, 1793.3×10−6mm2/s; ADC12, 1100×10−6mm2/s) were significantly lower than those of lesion areas (ADC4, 1105.9×10−6mm2/s; ADC12, 689.4×10−6mm2/s) (p<0.001). Both techniques behaved similarly and correlated well with PI-RADS™ classification, distinguishing scores 3, 4, and 5 and with means tending to decline with increasing Gleason grade. ADC12 mapping yielded higher specificity than ADC4 (82.6% vs. 72.3%).ConclusionsDiffusion with 12 values is a viable technique for examination of the prostate. It produced higher-quality images than current techniques and correlates well with PI-RADS™ classification and Gleason score.

A case report of Traumatic Asphyxia

Traumatic asphyxia is a condition presenting with cervicofacial cyanosis and edema, subconjunctival hemorrhage, and petechial hemorrhages of the face, neck, and upper chest that occurs due to a compressive force to the thoracoabdominal region.In this case report a 52 years old lady who was brought to the mortuary because of death due to traumatic asphyxia as a result of being stampeded by her own cows upon her chest was discussed. Congestion on both the conjunctiva, cyanosis on chin and adjacent upper left side of neck found with a well demarcated area observed between the cyanosed area over face and the normal area of neck. Hematoma was present in the chin and the adjacent neck region.Apart from quickly eliminating organ pathologies and initiation of supportive therapy in a case of traumatic asphyxia, possibility of formation of hematoma in neck after few hours of getting injured should also be considered, as this type of hematoma may contribute to the cause of death.Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2014, Vol-10, No-3, 51-55