DESIGNING CHANGES IN SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE REGION: CLUSTER APPROACH

Показаны современные направления развития системы среднего профессионального образования (СПО) в России. Обозначены особенности СПО Томской области и стратегические цели его преобразования в контексте их взаимосвязи с приоритетами социально-экономического развития региона. Представлено экспертно-теоретическое обоснование целесообразности использования кластерного подхода для развития региональных систем СПО. Аргументированы необходимость и продуктивность управления изменениями в региональной системе СПО средствами кластерной политики. Предложено проектное видение нового дизайна инфраструктуры СПО Томской области в логике кластерной политики. Доказательно заданы базовые характеристики кластеров двух видов: образовательного и образовательно-отраслевого, приведены научно обоснованные гипотезы о закономерностях их эффективного функционирования. Обоснованы проектные предложения, отражающие организационно-педагогические механизмы интеграции практик СПО и непрерывной профессионализации действующих кадров реального сектора экономики в кластерном формате. Обозначены способы такой интеграции. Предложено экспертное авторское видение условий реализации образовательного потенциала взаимодействия субъектов, включенных в кластерно-отраслевые сообщества. Обобщен имеющийся практический опыт, отражающий проектирование изменений в управлении развитием СПО на основе кластерного подхода в Томской области. Спрогнозированы социально-экономические и образовательные перспективы кластерно-сетевого взаимодействия в региональной практике СПО для решения актуальных и перспективных задач его развития на региональном уровне. Материалы статьи основаны на результатах образовательного проектирования и подготовлены при использовании исследовательских методов теоретического анализа, опроса, экспертного метода. The article discusses modern trends in Russia’s secondary vocational education (SPE) system development. Features of SPE in the Tomsk Region and strategic objectives of its transformation as opposed to their relationship with the priorities of the region’s socioeconomic advancement are outlined. An expert-theoretical justification of the expediency in using the cluster approach for the SPE regional system development is presented. Necessity and productivity in the SPE regional system change management by means of cluster policy are argued. A project vision of Tomsk Region’s SPO new infrastructure design in the logic of cluster policy is proposed. Basic characteristics of the clusters’ two types are educational and educational-industrial; scientifically substantiated hypotheses on the regularities of their effective functioning are proved. Project proposals reflecting organizational and pedagogical mechanisms of SPE practice integration and continuous professionalization of the current economy’s real sector personnel in a cluster format are substantiated. Paths of such integration are outlined. The authors’ expert vision of conditions for implementing educational potential in the interaction between the subjects included in the cluster-branch communities is offered. The current practical experience reflecting the design of changes in the SPO development management on the basis of cluster approach in the Tomsk Region is generalized. Socio-economic and educational prospects of cluster-network interaction in the SPO regional practice for solving urgent and prospective problems of its development at the regional level are predicted. Materials of the article are based on the results of educational design and prepared using research methods of theoretical analysis, survey, and the expert method.

Development of innovative processes in integrated industrial structures (IPS)

The purpose of this article is to analyze the problems of development of innovative processes in integrated industrial structures (IPS).The article considers approaches and methods that activate the development of innovative processes in the IPS. Special attention is paid to the consideration of issues reflecting the economic forms of integration of industrial enterprises: the processes of organizational transformation based on the creation and functioning of new production structures, involving the adaptation of their structural units to the development of innovative activities. Special attention is paid to the formation of the IPS as a promising form of management at the current stage of economic development. The paper analyzes the IPS as a factor of interaction and organization of effective activities of economic entities. The approaches of different authors to the definition of this term are shown. The author comes to the conclusion that the existing industrial environment contributes to the development of innovative activities of enterprises in the industrial sector, its definition is given, the essence and content are revealed. The author identifies and describes the characteristic features of integration processes, the main forms of integration are given, their content is disclosed. The author determines that the management of changes carried out in the development of integration processes is a separate type of innovative activity with its inherent features. Considerable attention is paid to the creation of cluster-network structures representing the development of integration processes in the industrial environment on the basis of network cooperation of participants. The definition of cluster-network integration of industrial sector enterprises has been put into circulation. It is shown that the formation and implementation of the activities of individual enterprises in the cluster gives a positive impetus to the entire innovation system through the mechanisms of networking and participation in technological platforms.

Japanese conservative messages propagate to moderate users better than their liberal counterparts on Twitter

To examine conservative–liberal differences in the extent to which partisan tweets reach less partisan moderate users in a nonwestern context, we analyzed a network of retweets about former Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. The analyses consistently demonstrated that partisan tweets originating from the conservative cluster reach a wider range of moderate users than those from the liberal cluster. Network analyses revealed that while the conservative and the liberal clusters’ internal structures were similar, the conservative cluster reciprocated the follows from moderate accounts at a higher rate than the liberal cluster. In addition, moderate accounts reciprocated the conservative cluster’s following at a higher rate than they did for the liberal cluster. The analysis of tweet content showed no difference in the frequency of hashtag use between conservatives and liberals, but there were differences in the use of emotion words and linguistic expressions. In particular, emotion words related to the propagation of messages, such as those expressing “dislike”, were used more frequently by conservatives, while the use of adjectives by conservatives was closer to that of moderate users, indicating that conservative tweets are more palatable for moderate users than liberal tweets.

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEM OF ANALYSIS OF MODERN POLITICAL POWER: CLUSTER-NETWORK APPROACH

В статье проблематизируется кластерно-сетевой подход (М. Портер, М. Энрайт, Дж. Даннинг, Р. Мартин) в связи с его недостаточной представленностью в политических исследованиях и актуальностью его применения в политических науках для анализа современной социально-политической реальности, которая приобретает все более ярко выраженный сетевой полиархический характер. Автор обосновывает правомерность и эффективность применения кластерно-сетевого подхода к современным феноменам политической власти, политической партии, гражданского общества, политической группы, политической социализации и т.д., поскольку они принципиально отличаются от традиционных феноменов индустриальной эпохи, а также критику данного подхода с позиций современного политологического знания, необходимость взаимодополнительности существующих в политических науках подходов.

TRAINING OF PERSONNEL FOR AGRICULTURE IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY

In connection with the introduction of digital technologies, many companies plan to hire new employees with digital competencies, or retrain existing employees in the workplace, or outsource some functions to external contractors, thereby reducing the number of employees who do not have the required competencies. Based on the analysis of the different approaches of the existing educational standards for the four enlarged groups of specialties and areas of training that determine the agricultural profile of agricultural universities, it can be concluded that in many educational standards of higher education institutions there are no competencies for the formation of digital literacy among students (master’s and master’s degrees) in the rest it is only the initial stage of digital literacy. In this regard, the development and implementation of a model for the transformation of agricultural personnel into digital agriculture, based on the principle of continuity, network interaction, social responsibility of business and education, is becoming the most relevant. To solve this problem, to form a modern system of training personnel for agriculture in the digital economy, a model of the cluster-network platform “Advanced training and training of personnel in the conditions of digital transformation of agriculture” has been designed, which will allow adapting the educational potential of programs to specific requirements and the formation of digital competencies; to form an effective system of end-to-end and continuous acquisition of new competencies in the digital economy by bringing together representatives of science, government and business into a single digital space. Thus, this project will allow participants to complement each other to increase the intensity of activities at the digital stage of agribusiness transformation, and industry educational institutions to become centers of regional development

Industry Cluster Innovation Upgrading and Knowledge Evolution: A Simulation Analysis Based on Small-World Networks

This article focuses on the innovation and knowledge evolution of industry clusters. We examine the effects of the hub firm and the interaction of network member firms on the upgrading of the cluster. Our study is based on two patterns of knowledge learning and innovation, namely, STI (science, technology, and innovation) and DUI (doing, using, and interacting). This article adopts a knowledge diffusion simulation model to study the exchange of knowledge between cluster network actors in the context of small-world networks. The results indicate that we must pay close attention to the influence of hub enterprises on cluster evolution. Although hub companies may have certain innovation capabilities, if knowledge absorption problems among members are not properly resolved in the cluster network, the innovation performance of the local clusters is likely to be weakened, despite the success of the hub firm.