The INNpinJeR: A new wall-free reactor for studying gas-phase reactions

Here we characterize the new Innsbruck wall free impinging jets reactor (INNpinJeR) and compare its performance with the TROPOS free jet flow system by quantifying oxidation products of the well-understood...

Development of a wall jet model dedicated to 1D combustion modelling for CI engines

Diesel engines are becoming smaller as technology advances, which means that the fuel spray (or jet) interacts with the cylinder walls before combustion starts. Most fuel injection 1D models (especially for diesel fuel) do not consider this interaction. Therefore, a wall-jet sub-model was created on an Eulerian 1D diesel spray model. It was calibrated using data from the literature and validated with experimental data from a fuel spray impacting a plate in a constant volume combustion chamber. Results show that the spray moving along the wall has a higher mixing rate but less penetration as an equivalent free jet, therefore they show a similar volume. Spray-wall interaction creates a stagnation zone right before the impact with the wall, and friction of the jet with the wall is relatively low. All these phenomena are well captured by the wall-jet sub-model.

Pressure Distribution On A Flat Plate In The Context of The Phenomenon of The Coanda Effect Hysteresis

As a result of the Coanda effect, a symmetrical free jet will flow as an asymmetrical wall jet. At the same time, at the obstacle along which the flow is observed, the wall jet generates pressure distribution. In this study, the obstacle located at the diffuser outlet is a flat plate with a variable inclination angle. The article presents results of the study on pressure distributions on a flat plate with a variable angle of inclination. What is new, however, is that the presented results of the experimental research include the influence of the Coanda effect hysteresis on the pressure distribution on the plate. The article shows how pressure distributions change on the plate depending on whether the initial angle of inclination was 0 degree and was increased gradually in the course of the experiment until a detachment of the jet flowing from the plate was observed, or the initial angle of inclination was close to 90 degrees in the primal state and as the angle of the plate inclination was decreased, the jet flowing towards the plate reached the state of attachment to the plate surface.

Needle-Free Jet Injectors’ Geometry Design and Drug Diffusion Process Analysis

In order to study the injection and diffusion process of the drug in the subcutaneous tissue of a needle-free jet injectors (NFJIs) in detail and understand the influence of different nozzle geometry on the diffusion process of the drug, in this paper, numerical simulations were performed to study the diffusion process of the drug in the subcutaneous tissue of NFJIs with cylindrical nozzle. On this basis, the differences of the drug diffusion process with different nozzle geometries were analyzed. The results show that the drug diffused in the shape of ellipsoid in the subcutaneous tissue. The penetration of the drug into the subcutaneous tissue is deeper under the condition of conical nozzle and conical cylindrical nozzle at the same time. However, it takes longer to spread to the interface between skin and subcutaneous tissue in reverse.