drug diffusion
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

173
(FIVE YEARS 47)

H-INDEX

26
(FIVE YEARS 4)

Polymers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Nicole Mortensen ◽  
Parker Toews ◽  
Jeffrey Bates

Drug-diffusion kinetics in 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate hydrogels were studied as a function of the crosslinking density and porosity. By varying the concentration of the crosslinker, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, we demonstrated how the release of Timolol maleate could be optimized to allow for efficient drug delivery. FTIR and spectrophotometry supplied optical inferences into the functional groups present. By studying the swelling and degradation of hydrogels, supplemented with drug-release kinetics studies, the relationship between these two tenets could be formulated.


Author(s):  
Ankur Jain ◽  
Sean Mcginty ◽  
Giuseppe Pontrelli

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yunfei Wang ◽  
Long Yue ◽  
Lechuan Hu ◽  
Jing Wang

In order to study the injection and diffusion process of the drug in the subcutaneous tissue of a needle-free jet injectors (NFJIs) in detail and understand the influence of different nozzle geometry on the diffusion process of the drug, in this paper, numerical simulations were performed to study the diffusion process of the drug in the subcutaneous tissue of NFJIs with cylindrical nozzle. On this basis, the differences of the drug diffusion process with different nozzle geometries were analyzed. The results show that the drug diffused in the shape of ellipsoid in the subcutaneous tissue. The penetration of the drug into the subcutaneous tissue is deeper under the condition of conical nozzle and conical cylindrical nozzle at the same time. However, it takes longer to spread to the interface between skin and subcutaneous tissue in reverse.


Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1862
Author(s):  
Emily Dosmar ◽  
Gabrielle Vuotto ◽  
Xingqi Su ◽  
Emily Roberts ◽  
Abigail Lannoy ◽  
...  

The purpose of this study was to examine antibiotic drug transport from a hydrogel drug delivery system (DDS) using a computational model and a 3D model of the eye. Hydrogel DDSs loaded with vancomycin (VAN) were synthesized and release behavior was characterized in vitro. Four different compartmental and four COMSOL models of the eye were developed to describe transport into the vitreous originating from a DDS placed topically, in the subconjunctiva, subretinally, and intravitreally. The concentration of the simulated DDS was assumed to be the initial concentration of the hydrogel DDS. The simulation was executed over 1500 and 100 h for the compartmental and COMSOL models, respectively. Based on the MATLAB model, topical, subconjunctival, subretinal and vitreous administration took most (~500 h to least (0 h) amount of time to reach peak concentrations in the vitreous, respectively. All routes successfully achieved therapeutic levels of drug (0.007 mg/mL) in the vitreous. These models predict the relative build-up of drug in the vitreous following DDS administration in four different points of origin in the eye. Our model may eventually be used to explore the minimum loading dose of drug required in our DDS leading to reduced drug use and waste.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2071 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
A M Noor ◽  
Z Zakaria ◽  
S Johari ◽  
N Sabani ◽  
Y Wahab ◽  
...  

Abstract Transdermal Iontophoretic Drug Delivery System (TIDDS) is a non-invasive method of systemic drug delivery that involves by applying a drug formulation to the skin. The drug penetrates through the stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis layers. Once the drug reaches the dermal layer, it is available for systemic absorption via dermal microcirculation. However, clinical testing of new drug developed for the iontophoretic system is a long and complex process. Recently, most of those major pharmaceutical companies have attempted to consider computer-based bio-simulation strategies as a means of generating the data necessary to help make a better decision. In this work, we used computational modelling to investigate the TIDDS behaviour. Our interest is to study the efficacy of drug diffusion through transdermal delivery, including the thermal effect on the skin. We found that drug will be delivered more efficiently if the electrical potential and the position of electrodes are optimum. We analysed the drug diffusion time of the system using 1,3 and 5 mA DC source. In addition, we also modify the electrode distance from 10 mm to 30 mm long and analysed the effect of delivery time and d effect to the skin thermal. We conclude that, a high electrical current, as instance, a 5 mA DC, delivered the drug faster into the skin but increased the skin temperature because of skin joule heating effect. However, a 30 mm electrodes distance setting decreased the skin temperature significantly than the 10 mm distance with more than 9.7 °C under 5 mA DC and 60 minutes of operation. TIDDS enhanced drug delivery compared to oral consumption and might be suitable used for localizing treatments such as chronic disease. This work provides great potential and is useful to efficiently design of iontophoretic drug delivery system including new drugs delivery applications.


Author(s):  
Marco A Arriaga ◽  
Dean Michael Enriquez ◽  
Arely D Salinas ◽  
Romeo Garcia Jr. ◽  
Carlos Trevino De Leo ◽  
...  

Background: The utilization of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) to control minocycline release rates from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffolds fabricated from an easy/economical technique is presented. Results/Methodology: A larger change in temperature and amount of minocycline released was observed for scaffolds with higher amounts of Fe3O4 NPs, demonstrating that nanoparticle concentration can control heat generation and minocycline release. Temperatures near a polymer’s glass transition temperature can result in the polymer’s chain becoming more mobile and thus increasing drug diffusion out of the scaffold. Elevated temperature and minocycline released from the scaffold can work synergistically to enhance glioblastoma cell death. Conclusion: This study suggests that Fe3O4 NPs are promising materials for controlling minocycline release from polymeric scaffolds by magnetic hyperthermia for the treatment of glioblastoma.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 10061
Author(s):  
Seong-Hun Jeong ◽  
Yoonjoong Kim ◽  
Ah-Ra Lyu ◽  
Sun-Ae Shin ◽  
Tae Hwan Kim ◽  
...  

Delivery of substances into the inner ear via local routes is increasingly being used in clinical treatment. Studies have focused on methods to increase permeability through the round window membrane (RWM) and enhance drug diffusion into the inner ear. However, the clinical applications of those methods have been unclear and few studies have investigated the efficacy of methods in an inner ear injury model. Here, we employed the medium chain fatty acid caprate, a biologically safe, clinically applicable substance, to modulate tight junctions of the RWM. Intratympanic treatment of sodium caprate (SC) induced transient, but wider, gaps in intercellular spaces of the RWM epithelial layer and enhanced the perilymph and cochlear concentrations/uptake of dexamethasone. Importantly, dexamethasone co–administered with SC led to significantly more rapid recovery from noise–induced hearing loss at 4 and 8 kHz, compared with the dexamethasone-only group. Taken together, our data indicate that junctional modulation of the RWM by SC enhances dexamethasone uptake into the inner ear, thereby hastening the recovery of hearing sensitivity after noise trauma.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document