Socio-Cultural Causes of the Increasing Rate of Maternal Mortality in District Lodhran, Pakistan

This qualitative study conducted at District Lodhran, Punjab, Pakistan adopted a constructivist approach with an aim to investigate the social-cultural factors accelerating maternal mortality. The primary data was collected through in-depth interviews from 40 family members of deceased mothers and four focus group discussions, and the information for the secondary data pertaining to the victims of maternal death recorded in District Lodhran for the year 2016-17 was collected from the Health Department. The study concluded that there are various social and cultural practices, i.e. the practice of early marriages, repeated pregnancies with the wish of having a male child, treatment and living of pregnant women in the joint family system, and son’s preferences are the causative factors behind maternal mortality. The study recommends inculcation of awareness, especially among gestating women, regarding maternal health and associated factors, besides civil society’s measures for improvement and the government’s special attention towards the issue.

Socio-Cultural Causes of the Increasing Rate of Maternal Mortality in District Lodhran, Pakistan

This qualitative study conducted at District Lodhran, Punjab, Pakistan adopted a constructivist approach with an aim to investigate the social-cultural factors accelerating maternal mortality. The primary data was collected through in-depth interviews from 40 family members of deceased mothers and four focus group discussions, and the information for the secondary data pertaining to the victims of maternal death recorded in District Lodhran for the year 2016-17 was collected from the Health Department. The study concluded that there are various social and cultural practices, i.e. the practice of early marriages, repeated pregnancies with the wish of having a male child, treatment and living of pregnant women in the joint family system, and son’s preferences are the causative factors behind maternal mortality. The study recommends inculcation of awareness, especially among gestating women, regarding maternal health and associated factors, besides civil society’s measures for improvement and the government’s special attention towards the issue.

Modern Algorithm for Diagnosis and Treatment of Diseases in Men That Lead to Infertility

The problem of sterile marriage provides great importance throughout the world. Infertility is a condition that is accompanied by a number of diseases of the genital organs and systemic diseases of the male or female organism. According to various literary sources, about 50–100 million people suffer from infertility in the world, that is, one out of 5–7 couples of reproductive age suffers from infertility. The problem of infertility in marriage is of particular importance in the context of the demographic crisis in Ukraine, where the frequency of infertile marriage among married couples of reproductive age is 10,0–15,0 %, and in some regions this indicator is close to 20,0 %. In Ukraine, there are more than 1 million infertile married couples, the male factor in the structure of infertility is about 40-50 % of cases. Most authors point to the polyetiology of male infertility. In its development, a significant role is assigned to such factors as neuropsychic, infectious toxic, congenital and genetic reasons, exogenous and habitual intoxications, ionizing radiation, dysfunctions of the endocrine glands and other internal organs, exposure to temperatures, vascular disorders, damage to the genital organs and their autoimmune lesions. Infertility is a complex and multifaceted problem, and there are a lot of different questions which need to solve. Particular difficulties arise in determining the treatment tactics in cases where there is a combination of various causes of infertility in a married couple. Opportune examination of partners with using modern hardware, laboratory and genetic methods is very important, and it allows to prescribe an effective treatment. The use of reproductive technologies significantly expands the possibilities for solving the problem of infertility. However, their main purpose is the birth of a child; treatment of diseases that have led to infertility requires additional efforts. In this regard, the development of modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of sterile marriage remains one of the actual problems.

Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome in children

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders in adults, children, and adolescents. This paper reviews the etiology and pathogenesis of IBS, particularly one of its subtypes, postinfectious IBS, associated with a prior acute intestinal infection. The authors discuss risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment for postinfectious IBS and describe diagnostic search and therapeutic algorithm in a child. Treatment for IBS involves changes in diet and lifestyle, pharmacotherapy, and psychotherapy. This case report is interesting for clinicians since only attempts are made to systematize guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment for postinfectious IBS. However, specific management strategies for this condition are scarce, making the diagnosis difficult and resulting in treatment delay. KEYWORDS: irritable bowel syndrome, functional gastrointestinal disorders, prokinetic agent, synbiotic, Maxilac. FOR CITATION: Pechkurov D.V., Tyazheva A.A. Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome in children. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(3):292–297 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-3-292-297.

Oral Rehabilitation Using Noninvasive Restorative Approach for Late Mixed Dentition of Preterm Birth Child with Amelogenesis Imperfecta

Preterm birth children comprise about 6% of live births around the world. It is known that premature children exhibit oral anomalies that could affect the function and/or appearance of their dentition in addition to their medical needs. A diagnosis of amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) can present a challenge for both the patient and the treating clinician. This can be more complicated in the case of child treatment, where cooperation and some of the treatment modalities for adults can not be considered. Conventional management of such children is not possible due to the ongoing process of growth and development and the ability of the child to cope with the extensive and lengthy treatment procedure. This article highlights a minimally invasive method for managing AI using adhesive and full-coverage restoration that requires no tooth preparation; this allows the structural integrity of the teeth to be maintained, along with their vitality. As a result, the child will have teeth with better function and aesthetic, to improve eating, appearance, and self-confidence.

PCIT-ED seems to improve parenting behaviour and affect towards children with depression

Data from a new study show that parenting behaviour and affect improved after completing a dyadic parent–child treatment for depression in young children (aged 3-6 years).