The role of health literacy in cancer care: A mixed studies systematic review

Background Patients diagnosed with cancer face many challenges and need a good understanding of their diagnosis and proposed treatments to make informed decisions about their care. Health literacy plays an important role in this and low health literacy has been associated with poorer outcomes. The aims of this review are to identify which outcomes relate to health literacy in patients with cancer, and to combine this through a mixed studies approach with the patient experience as described through qualitative studies. Methods Four electronic databases were searched in January 2021 to identify records relating to health literacy and patients with cancer. Records were independently screened then assessed for inclusion by two reviewers according to the following criteria: patients aged ≥18 years with cancer, English language publication AND health literacy measured with validated tool and measured outcome associated with health literacy OR qualitative study exploring the role of health literacy as patients make decisions about health. Quality was independently assessed by two reviewers. A narrative synthesis was performed, and findings integrated through concept mapping. This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO, entry CRD42020166454. Results 4441 records were retrieved. Following de-duplication, 2496 titles and abstracts were screened and full texts of 405 papers were reviewed for eligibility. 66 papers relating to 60 studies met the eligibility criteria. Lower health literacy was associated with greater difficulties understanding and processing cancer related information, poorer quality of life and poorer experience of care. Personal and situational influences contributed to how participants processed information and reached decisions about their care. Conclusion This review highlights the important role of health literacy for patients with cancer. Outcomes are poorer for those who experience difficulties with health literacy. Further efforts should be made to facilitate understanding, develop health literacy and support patients to become more involved in their care.

THE LONG ARM OF TORT LAW. THE COMPETENCE OF U.S. COURTS IN DEFAMATION CLAIMS AGAINST FOREIGN DEFENDANTS

Jurisdiction of American state courts over out-of-state defendants is determined by state law, but is limited by constitutional considerations. If the defendant does not have sufficient contacts with the state, it is unconstitutional for the state court to consider the dispute. With respect to defamation suits, not only does the defamatory information actually reach a sufficient number of state residents, but also the foreign defendant’s purposeful actions directed at that state are necessary for state court jurisdiction over the out-ofstate defendant to arise. In the case of the media, such a purposeful action might be, for example, selling a significant number of copies of a magazine in that state or advertising its website in that state. However, the posting of defamatory information on a website available in that state does not, by itself, create jurisdiction over the publisher in state courts. If, for example, a foreign-language website describes events outside the United States, a U.S. court would probably not have jurisdiction, even if the plaintiff’s reputation in the United States was damaged. But if an English-language publication on some website intentionally defames a state resident by describing his or her activities in that state, the publication will likely be found to be “directed at” that state, and a state court will consider the defamation claim. The plaintiff’s location in this state in a defamation action is not sufficient to give rise to state court jurisdiction over a defendant who does not have sufficient minimal contacts in the state. To hear such a dispute in that state would violate the defendant’s constitutional right to “due process” because of the burdensome nature of his participation in the process.

The Accuracy of Documented Nursing Care Plan among Registered Nurses

Background: Nursing documentation is a record of care planned and provided by qualified nurses under the guidance of a competent nurse for each patient as well as the clients. Objective: to provide published studies about accuracy of nursing documentation. Methods: Searches were conducted using the following electronic databases: PUBMED, MEDLIN, CINAHAL, SAUDI DIGETAL LIBRALY and GOOGLE SCOLAR as gray data base. Search was limited to English-Language publication. And include study over 10year period. Result: nursing documentations is inaccurate, lacking precision, and low in quality. Factors that influence nursing documentation differ but are also interrelated with each other. Shortage of employees, insufficient knowledge about the significance of documentation, patient load, lack of hospital education, and lack of support from nurse leaders are the reported challenges to documentation. Conclusion: Most of the lecture revel the necessary need of nursing documentation practice. Affected factor and with several recommendations for improvement noted. Keywords: ''nursing care plan," "nursing documentation,'' "accuracy of documentation" and ''nursing report.''

FORENSIC MEDICINE IN GERMANY, PAST AND PRESENT

The article, based on the unique English-language publication "History of Forensic Medicine," edited by Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Burkhard Madea, continues the series of publications on the state of forensic medicine in the world, its past, present and future. The first articles of the cycle were devoted to the organization of forensic medical examination of the United States of America, England and China. The current article, together with professors Burkhard Madea, Johanna Preu-Wssner, Gunther Geserick, Ingo Wirth, Eberhard Lignitz, details the development and structure of the forensic expert service in the Federal Republic of Germany (Germany) from its origin to the present. Both the main stages of its development and the modern organizational structure are noted. The main points of teaching forensic discipline at German medical universities, the order of specialization and postgraduate education of specialists are given. Publishing activities and the principles for the formation of professional communities of forensic experts are covered. During the article, the authors conclude that forensic medicine in Germany over a centuries-old history has found the optimal ratio of science and practice in activities, this puts it in the first ranks of the best forensic medical services in the world.

Not just a monastery: The Đông Duong Complex of Vietnam

In this article we provide a critical re-examination of the sites associated with the “Đông Duong Buddhist Monastery” of the Champā civilization in Quảng Nam province, Vietnam. We argue this re-examination is needed because contemporary understandings are based on research that is more than 100 years old. While Vietnamese language research has progressed, until now, no English language publication has provided an update on the Đông Dương complex sites, including watchtowers, a citadel, relations with nearby ports, religious sites, a production site, and funerary sites, all associated with the Indrapura polity of Champā.

ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT'S DIRECTIONS IN UKRAINE BY SUBJECTS OF PROCUREMENT

This paper is devoted to the analysis of public procurement's directions in Ukraine from the point of view of the main subjects of procurement. The analysis was performed by aggregate units of CPV (The Common Procurement Vocabulary) as a whole on the public procurement system ProZorro and for the most used procurement procedures (sub-threshold procurements, contract reporting, open tenders, open tenders with English-language publication) in two dimensions – for all suppliers and separately – for private entrepreneurs. Private entrepreneurs were selected as typical representatives of small and medium-sized business in Ukraine. For the analysis we closed the dimension of «contract», i.e. the final stage of the procurement process, because it more clearly presents the real state of economic relations between the government entities and the supplier of goods / services. The main stages of this study were as follows. At the first step, data were collected about the concluded contracts in terms of aggregated divisions of the CPV lot. Next, we calculated the specific weights for each of the divisions and chose the three largest categories in each of them according to parameters of the number of contracts and their current value. In the third step, the obtained data were collected in a common space for all suppliers and separately for private entrepreneurs and calculated the «rating» of particular divisions of the CPV lot by their presence in the top three in terms of the number of contracts and their value. The purpose of this step was to identify those items of procurement that are perspective in terms of enhancement the participation of private entrepreneurs as suppliers of government entities. We addressed the question – do private entrepreneurs follow the general trends of participation of businesses in government procurement, for which procurement items does it make sense to follow the general trend, and which procurement items are of specific for procurement by private entrepreneurs? We considered the most specific procurement items that private individuals are able to procure to the government entities, as well as those CPV divisions that have the potential to enhance the private entrepreneurs's participation in public procurement.

Russian AI Research 2010-2018

Over the last decade, Moscow has boosted funding of universities and implemented reforms in order to make Russia a global leader in AI. As part of that effort, Russian researchers have expanded their English-language publication output, a key—if imperfect—measure of the country’s innovation and impact. Between 2010 and 2018, the number of English-language publications by Russian scientists in AI-related fields increased six-fold.

Functional Neuroimaging Biomarkers in Migraine: Diagnostic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications

Background: In current migraine clinical practice, conventional neuroimaging examinations are often sought to exclude possible causes of secondary headaches or migraineassociated disorders. Contrariwise, although advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has improved tremendously our understanding of human brain processes in migraine patients, to the state of the art they have not superseded the conventional neuroimaging techniques in the migraine clinical setting. Methods: A comprehensive review was conducted of PubMed citations by entering the keyword “marker” and/or “biomarker” combined with “migraine” and/or “headache”. Other keywords included “imaging” or “neuroimaging”, “structural” or “functional”. The only restriction was English-language publication. The abstracts of all articles meeting these criteria were reviewed, and the full text was retrieved and examined for relevant references. Results: Several authors tried to identify imaging biomarkers able to identify different migraine phenotypes or, even better, to follow-up the same migraine patients during the course of the disease, to predict the evolution into more severe phenotypes and, finally, the response to specific treatment. Conclusion: The identification of diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic advanced neuroimaging biomarkers in the migraine clinical setting, in order to approach to patients in a more and more rational and “tailored” way, is extremely intriguing and futuristic. Unfortunately, reliable and robust neuroimaging biomarkers are still lacking for migraine, probably due to both not completely understood pathogenesis and clinical and neuroimaging heterogeneity. Although further longitudinal advanced neuroimaging studies, aimed to identify effective neuroimaging biomarkers, are needed, this review aims to collect the main and most recent works on this topic.

Obsidian Distribution of the Northern Patagonian Forest Area and Neighboring Sectors during the Late Holocene (Neuquén Province, Argentina)

Analysis of 519 obsidian artifacts (pebbles, debitage, cores and small bifaces) by nondestructive X-ray fluorescence from forests and steppes of southern Lanín National Park in the northern Patagonian Andean region, from Lácar (chemical group QU/AP), Lolog (CP-LL 1), Filo Hua-Hum (FHH), Paillakura (Pk, former unknown 1 group), Meliquina (MQ, former unknown group 2) and Yuco (YC) sources. Neutron activation analysis was applied to 29 of the artifacts. We identified for the first time the presence of obsidian from distant Covunco (PC1) in the center of Neuquén. This paper is the first English language publication of our ongoing, ten-year-long research. In accordance with previous work, but using other analytical techniques, the most frequently used sources during the late Holocene remain CP/LL 1 and Pk, here we add YC, mainly by the incorporation of new sites recently surveyed in the islands and the coast of Lake Lácar, next to its source. Another result consistent with previous work is the absence of obsidian from Mendoza and Chilean sources; therefore, we suggest these obsidians circulate just to the east and northeast, allowing us to discuss issues of human territoriality during the Late Holocene.