PLASMA VITAMIN C LEVELS IN DERMATOPHILOSIS INFECTED AND ON-INFECTED CATTLE

In two separate experiments, blood samples from dermatophilosis infected and non-infected cattle were analyzed for their vitamin C content. In the first experiment using abattoir samples, streptothricosis infected animals showed significantly lower lever (P < 0.01) Of ascorbic acid in mg per 100 ml of plasma (0.56) than non-infected ones (1.11). In the second experiment using samples from live animals, a non- significant decrease in the concentration of Vitamin in C was also observed in infected (0.94) compared with non-infected animals (1.05)

Split household and smoking behavior of rural migrants in China

Background: With Hukou constraints, a large proportion of rural migrants have to leave part of their family members stay at hometown, the split household may induce smoking behavior among rural migrants in destination cites.Objective: This study aims to address association between split household and smoking behavior, while the main discussion is to explore the differences between the three forms of split households---involving sole migration, couple migration, and family migration.Method: A unique and comprehensive database named Rural Urban Migration in China (RUMiC-2009) is applied to explore the association between split household and the smoking behavior; Analyses are conducted using the Chi-square tests and Logit regression.Results: The prevalence of smoking among family migrants (23.54%) is less than those sole migrants (25.46%) and couple migrants (35.13%). The family migrants (OR= 0.7445; 95% CI= 0.5955, 0.930) and couple migrants (OR= 0.8785; 95% CI= 0.6939, 1.1121) are less prone to smoke than the sole migrants counterparts. The family migrants (Coefficient= -0.0787; CI= -0.1229,-0.0346) and couple migrants (Coefficient= -0.0726; CI= -0.1188,-0.0264) show lower lever of depression compared with the sole migration groups.Conclusions: Split household is positively associated with the smoking behavior of rural migrants. While the depression may play as the potential transmission channel linked the spit household and smoking prevalence.

Problems and Prospects of the Selection of Bean (Vicia faba l.) in Azerbaijan

Newly created “Garaja” variety and the forms with lower lever of tanin introduced from ICARDA will allow widening of the field of Vicia Faba culture. Until present, culture of Vicia Faba in Azerbaijan was limited to household. In Azerbaijan, the sowing of vegetable beans does not have much production value. The culture is mainly used for research purposes and is cultivated in small areas, like garden. Therefore, the study of the morphobiological features of plants of the prospective variety in each region and the comprehensive study of the genetic resources of culture is relevant. The article is devoted to the results of a study of the local gene pool of horse or fodder beans and materials from ICARDA. Yield and analysis of crop structure, disease resistance were analyzed. Since samples with a low level of harmful substances are new for our republic. These studies are an important initial study for the subsequent production of new varieties. We hope that this will lead to an increase in the acreage of legumes in our republic.

High-Bending-Stiffness Connector (HBSC) and High-Authority Piezoelectric Actuator (HAPA) Made of Such

High-authority piezoelectric actuator (HAPA) is a term used to describe high-performance piezoelectric actuators of relatively large displacement (≥50 μm) and high blocking force (≥100 N), but compact in size. One such piezoelectric actuator is described in this paper, which is made possible by means of high-bending-stiffness connector (HBSC) that connects multiple commercial piezoceramic stacks into a stable 2- (or multi-) level actuation configuration. Key design requirements for the HBSC are described. Computer simulation results and experimental verification are presented. A HAPA-(2 + 2) actuator was fabricated from such a HBSC, in which there are two commercial PZT stacks projecting upwards in the upper level and two projecting downwards in the lower lever, all of 5 × 5 mm2 in cross-section and 40 mm in length. The HAPA-(2 + 2) actuator prototype displays about twice the overall stroke and blocking force of individual stacks, being about 90 μm and >1600 N, respectively. This compares favorably with lever-arm, flextensional, and telescopic actuators, of which the blocking force is adversely affected. Using a similar concept, HBSCs and HAPAs of other designs are presented. In addition to being stand-alone actuators, the HAPAs can be used as the active material to drive existing displacement amplification schemes to produce piezoelectric actuators of exceptional performance characteristics.

Depopulation of the Russian far East. Magadan Oblast: A Case Study

The paper presents spatial differentiation and causes of depopulation processes that began in Magadan Oblast in the Russian Far East after the fall of the Soviet Union. In the region under investigation, depopulation is very intensive. The analysis of changes in population in the lower-lever administrative units allows for showing the differences in spatial distribution of depopulation in individual regions [“rayons”]. During the research surveys, allowing for a fuller understanding of the conditions and the process of depopulation, were conducted.

II. On the rhythm of the heart of the frog, and on the nature of the action of the vagus nerve

The method of investigation employed by the author is as follows:— The heart with the vagus nerve intact having been removed from the body together with a portion of the oesophagus, a thread is tied to the very apex of the ventricle and another to the loose flap which is dis­closed at the junction of the two auricles when the two aortic trunks are cut away. The piece of the oesophagus removed with the heart is held firmly in a suitable holder and the heart suspended between two horizontal levers by means of the two threads which are attached to the auricles and ventricle. Between the two levers a clamp is placed, the edges of which can be approximated to any degree by means of a fine micrometer screw j the two limbs of this clamp are placed one on each side of the suspended heart, and by means of the micrometer screw, the tissue between the two edges can be simply held firm or compressed to any extent required. In this way, with the clamp in the auriculo-ven­tricular groove, the beats of both auricles and ventricle are registered simultaneously and separately; the contractions of the auricles pull the upper lever downwards, those of the ventricle the lower lever upwards. Similarly by varying the position of the clamp the con­tractions of any two adjacent portions of the heart can be studied, as for example, sinus and 'auricles, base and apex of the ventricle, &c.; heat, cold, and poisons can be applied to the tissue on the one side of the clamp and not on the other; and under all these various condi­tions the effects of stimulation of the vagus can be observed.