Numerical modeling for the urban drainage gallery systems design

ABSTRACT Considering the frequent flooding of urban centers, the financial limitations and the inefficient management of Urban Drainage (UD) systems in Brazilian municipalities, it is necessary that projects be developed efficiently. These objectives are achieved with the correct definition of the diameter and galleries slope, resulting in adequate hydraulic ratios. It is also necessary to guarantee the flow without backwater, by verifying the energy grade line along the network. There are software capable of assisting the calculation, which, however, do not report optimized solutions. A vector-based numerical modeling is presented for the optimized sizing of a UD gallery system. This model was applied in an area and its results were compared with those obtained by two software in the Brazilian market. It is demonstrated the optimization developed contributes to increases the efficiency in the design. The main scientific contributions are: to characterize and model the typical design slopes, to obtain the optimum slope combined with the smaller diameter; to explore the potential of the hydraulic ratios above those normally employed, with positive effects on the definition of {D, ig} and the economy in the system; and to implement a recursive solution from a cycle of interdependent information, ensuring accuracy of results.

Seurat, Georges-Pierre (1859–1891)

Born in Paris in 1859 to a bourgeois family, painter and draughtsman Georges-Pierre Seurat enjoyed a brief but mature career as the leading French Neo-Impressionist. His invention of Divisionism (or "chromo-luminarism"), a painting technique grounded in science and the study of optics, challenged the spontaneity and fluidity of Impressionism, which by the 1880s had been largely subsumed by a capitalist gallery system. In 1886, at the eighth and final Impressionist exhibition, Seurat debuted his monumental Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande-Jatte (1884–1886), a "patient tapestry" of line and color that led the art critic and activist Félix Fénéon to coin the term néo-impressionisme. Equally shaped by the Renaissance frescoes of Piero della Francesca and the Baudelairean praise of the ephemerality of modern life, La Grande-Jatte symbolically closed a chapter in French painting. Seurat’s systematic aesthetic produced an indelible impact on fin de siècle artists such as Vincent van Gogh, Paul Gauguin, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Henri Matisse, and later Pablo Picasso, Robert Delaunay, and André Breton’s Surrealism, firmly establishing him as integral to the 20th-century avant-garde. Seurat’s oeuvre includes approximately 500 drawings and 6 major figure paintings, an astonishing output for a career that lasted only 11 years.

PERANCANGAN DESAIN INTERIOR MUSEUM DENGAN TEKNIK INTERAKTIF SEBAGAI RUANG PUBLIK MASA KINI

This study aims to analyze a museum interior design to be able to find the latest output regarding displaying or circulation techniques in a public space, especially museum. This study background is a public phenomenon visited by museums nowadays, which is seen on their social media accounts. Especially for contemporary and art design museums, it becomes an attractive icon for young people, as well as seniors. However, there are many things that need to be considered in designing a museum interior where many factors support for a success interior design, including: display techniques, gallery categorization, signage systems, and lighting. This study will examine how to applied the above items. As a comparison, contemporary art museums in Jakarta and New York. By doing these comparisons, researcher expected there will be a resume on how designing a good contemporary art museum. With good and attractive interior design in a contemporary art museum, it will further increased visitors interest and the awareness of the community to explore the museum. The method used is by observing and documenting techniques and analyzing the interior of research objects, combined with literature studies, hopefully this research can contribute to the museum design technique as an ergonomic and interactive public space for the wider community. For future development of the museum, this research contributes for a better, good and friendly display techniques. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa perancangan interior sebuah museum untuk dapat ditemukan luaran terbaru perihal teknik display maupun sirkulasi dalam sebuah ruang publik yakni museum. Latar belakang penelitian adalah fenomena masyarakat luas yang terlihat kesadaran untuk berkunjung ke museum, yang terlihat pada akun sosial media masyarakat jaman sekarang yang demikian semarak, khususnya untuk museum bernafaskan contemporary dan art design, menjadi satu ikon menarik bagi kalangan muda, juga para senior. Namun demikian banyak hal yang perlu diperhatikan pada perancangan sebuah interior museum dimana banyak factor yang mendukung kesuksesan sebuah desain museum, antara lain dalam hal teknik display, pengkategorian gallery, system signage, maupun pencahayaan. Dengan design interior yang baik dan menarik pada sebuah museum kontemporer, diharapkan akan semakin menaikkan minat para pengunjung dan kesadaran masyarakat akan semakin meningkat untuk mengeksplorasi isi dari museum tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan teknik pengamatan dan pendokumnetasian serta analisa interior objek penelitian, dipadukan dengan studi literature, diharapkan penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada teknik perancangan museum sebagai sebuah ruang public yang ergonomis dan interaktif menyenangkan bagi masyarakat luas. Untuk pengembangan museum ke depannya, penelitian ini memberikan sumbangsih perihal teknik display yang baik dan bersahabat

Seeing and Being Seen

This chapter introduces the modern strategies that Medardo Rosso developed to reach an audience during his Parisian years. He worked mostly on a small scale and cast in his studio rather than having his sculptures cast by commercial foundries. He also began to exploit the new middle-class taste for cheaper sculptural materials, casting works in wax and plaster and selling them as finished pieces. He capitalized on his experience in Italian foundries, where the cire perdue (lost wax) method was regularly employed for casting bronzes, to generate special excitement around his sculptures. Rosso attempted to personalize his relationship with buyers and circumvent the Parisian gallery system that was becoming the intermediary between avant-garde art and a new bourgeois audience.

Contribution to bionomy of Hylesinus fraxini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and its monogamy in the Czech Republic

This study focused on bionomics of the ash bark beetle Hylesinus fraxini (Panzer 1779). The study area was at Jílové u Prahy in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. In February 2014, three common ash (Fraxinus excelsior) trees were felled and Hylesinus fraxini infestation was subsequently observed from March. Beetles were collected from 20 debarked logs and dissected under stereomicroscope, and their sex was determined. Five logs with bark beetles were placed into photoeclectors. Beetles that emerged were collected and put into the second photoeclector with fresh ash wood to determine whether they would establish the second generation. The analysis showed that each gallery system with a pair of bark beetles contained one male with only one female. If one adult of H. fraxini was found in the gallery system, it was usually female. Therefore, possible polygamy of Hylesinus fraxini was not confirmed in Central Bohemia. Maternal gallery length significantly correlated with the number of eggs laid per female. Offspring beetles did not establish the second generation, as only maturation feeding occurred in fresh wood.

Variability of Selected Traits of Ips Typographus (L.) (Col.: Scolytinae) Populations In Beskid Żwiecki (Western Carpathians, Poland) Region Affected By Bark Beetle Outbreak

In 2010-2012, investigations on Ips typographus populations were carried out in Norway spruce stands recently affected by bark beetle outbreak in the Beskid Żywiecki Mts. in Poland. The aim of the study was to test the usefulness of several traits describing I. typographus populations for evaluation of their actual outbreak tendency. Infestation density, sex ratio, gallery length, progeny number and beetle length were used as the traits. Trait variability was analyzed in relation to infested tree mortality in the current year of observation and outbreak tendency defined by the comparison of data on tree mortality in the current year and that in the year before. The highest infestation density was found in the stands representing the highest tree mortality in the current year and in those characterized by decreasing outbreak tendency. The gallery system with 2 maternal galleries dominated. The sex ratio of attacking beetles inclined towards females (63.8%) and remained stable during 3 years of observations; the highest percentage of females was found in locations being in stabilization/latency outbreak phase. The length of maternal galleries was somewhat negatively affected by infestation density and positively correlated with the number of progeny in the gallery. The average beetle length was 4.800 mm (± 0.293), ranging between 3.718 and 5.817 mm and being the highest in the uppermost class of tree mortality recorded in the current year of observation. The shortest beetles were collected in the stands with increasing outbreak tendency, and slightly longer - in the stands with outbreak stable and decreasing tendencies. None of the traits tested can be selected as a direct indicator for prediction of outbreak tendency in I. typographus populations. Possible reasons of variability in the analyzed traits are discussed. The traits indicate that I. typographus in the study area represent very high reproductive potential, thus the risk of repeated outbreak is very high