The biochemical composition of varieties and hybrids of Dagestan apricot and the improvement of the technology of processing them into canned compotes

Плодам, ягодам и продуктам их переработки принадлежит исключительная роль как богатейшим природным источникам витаминов-антиоксидантов. В работе представлены результаты исследований по изучению биохимического состава сортов и гибридов дагестанского абрикоса и совершенствованию технологии переработки их в консервированные компоты. Дагестан по своим природно-климатическим условиям является основной зоной промышленной культуры абрикоса в Российской Федерации, площади под которыми занимают более 3 тыс. га. Выявлены сорта плодов абрикоса с высокими товарно-технологическими показателями. Выполнены исследования традиционного стерилизационного режима, которые подтвердили характерные недостатки. Разработан и предложен высокотемпературный стерилизационный режим, который обеспечивает сокращение продолжительности тепловой обработки и повышение пищевой ценности. Разработанный режим стерилизации обеспечивает сохранение витамина С в готовом продукте на 1,4 мг/% выше, чем традиционный режим. Полученные результаты представляют интерес для реализации на предприятиях по переработке растительного сырья. Fruits and berries and their processed products play an exceptional role as the richest natural sources of vitamins-antioxidants. The paper presents the results of research on the study of the biochemical composition of varieties and hybrids of Dagestan apricot and improving the technology of processing them into canned compotes. Dagestan, according to its natural and climatic conditions, is the main zone of industrial apricot cultivation in the Russian Federation, the area under which occupies more than 3 thousand hectares. Varieties of apricot fruits with high commodity and technological indicators were identified. Studies of the traditional sterilization regime were carried out, which confirmed the characteristic shortcomings. A high-temperature sterilization mode of sterilization has been developed and proposed, which reduces the duration of heat treatment and increases the nutritional value. The developed sterilization mode ensures the preservation of vitamin C in the finished product by 1.4 mg/% higher than the traditional mode. The results obtained are of interest for implementation at plants processing plant raw materials.

EFFICIENCY OF MULTI-LEVEL ROTARY THERMAL STERILIZATION OF PEAR COMPOTE IN A CONTAINER SKO 1-82-1000 INOPEN-TYPE APPARATUSES WITH THE USE OF LIQUID HIGH-TEMPERATURE HEAT TRANSFER AGENTS

Разработан новый режим многоуровневой стерилизации компота из груш в стеклотаре СКО 1-82-1000 с использованием жидких высокотемпературных теплоносителей, сущность которого заключается в том, что ступенчатый нагрев осуществляется последовательно в воде и растворе диметилсульфоксида с последующим ступенчатым охлаждением в воде с перепадом температур до 20–25°С. Впервые при разработке новых режимов стерилизации введен коэффициент промышленной стерильности Пст, определяемый отношением фактического значения стерилизующего эффекта разработанного режима к нормативному, обеспечивающему промышленную стерильность продукции. Для разработанного стерилизационного режима коэффициент промышленной стерильности с учетом нормативного значения стерилизующего эффекта для компотов, равного 150–200 усл. мин, составляет для пристеночного слоя Пст = 220/200 = 1,1; для центрального слоя Пст = 207/200 = 1,03. Оба значения коэффициента промышленной стерильности приближаются к единице, что говорит об отсутствии перегрева отдельных слоев продукта, характерного для традиционных стерилизационных режимов. Многоуровневый стерилизационный режим способствует снижению длительности термообработки, превышающей 60 мин, при обеспечении требуемого уровня безопасности продукции. A new method of multi-level sterilization of compote from pears in glass containers SKO 1-82-1000 with the use of liquid high-temperature heat transfer agents, the essence of which is that the step heating is carried out sequentially in water and a solution of dimethyl sulfoxide, followed by step cooling in water with a temperature difference of up to 20–25°C. For the first time in the development of new sterilization regimes, the coefficient of industrial sterility was introduced, which is determined by the ratio of the actual value of the sterilizing effect of the developed regime to the standard one that ensures industrial sterility of products. For the developed sterilization mode, the coefficient of industrial sterility, taking into account the standard value of the sterilizing effect for compotes, equal to 150–200 conditional minutes, is for the wall layer Pst = 220/200 = 1,1; for the central layer Pst = 207/200 = 1,03. Both values of the industrial sterility coefficient approach one, which indicates the absence of overheating of individual layers of the product, which is typical for traditional sterilization modes. Multi-level sterilization mode helps to reduce the duration of heat treatment, exceeding 60 minutes, while ensuring the required level of product safety.

Development of the composition and production technology of injection medication for intra-articular introduction based on sodiun hyaluronate

Osteoarthrosis is the most widespread disease of musculoskeletal system, which leads to different level of disability in 10–30% of cases. The age of the person is one of the key risk factors for the development of such disease. The most effective resolution is a surgery in which joints are replaced, but this method is very risky and expensive especially for elderly people. That is why development of the composition and research in new technological aspects of biotechnological medication is an actual course in pharmacy. The aim of research: development of the composition and production technology of injection solution of hyaluronic acid as sodium hyaluronate for the therapy of degenerate inflammatory disease of articulation. The object of the study is an injection with sodium hyaluronate for intra-articular administration. Evaluation of the test results when choosing the optimal technology for preparing the injection solution was carried out by the visual method (description, transparency), and by the method of rotational viscometry (viscosity). The suitability of the sterilization regime was determined by physicochemical methods (appearance, transparency, viscosity, pH of the solution) and microbiological method (sterility) according to the requirements of SPhU. The quantitative content of sodium hyaluronate was determined by spectrophotometry (SPhU, 2.2.25) using a carbazole reagent. The results of the studies has been developed the optimal composition of the drug based on stabilized sodium hyaluronate by the excipient BDE. The resulting solution in its physical-chemical properties are a clear, highly viscous aqueous solution. The developed composition contains (in %): Sodium hyaluronate with a molecular weight of ~ 2 MDA (in terms of 100% substance) – 1.0; BDE – 0.75; sodium chloride – 0.85; phosphate buffer – up to pH from 5.0 to 8.5; water for injection – up to 100%. The critical parameters of the technological stages for the production of a drug with sodium hyaluronate are determined experimentally. Specific critical parameters are the degassing of a viscous solution, filtration and the conditions of the sterilization mode of the injection solution. It was experimentally established that the optimal parameters for the filtration stage are the use of a Durapore hydrophilic membrane made of polyvinyl difluoride (PVDF), the temperature of the solution is 50 ± 0.5 °C and the use of back pressure mode to reduce the volume wich is filtered per unit time. It was determined that the sterilization mode with saturated steam at a temperature of 121 °C for 8 min is optimal and ensures the quality of the solution in quality criterion of «Sterility». Samples of the experimental series of injection solution, obtained by the developed technology, comply with the requirements of SPhU for drugs for parenteral use according to physical-chemical and biological quality criteria as appearance, transparency, viscosity, pH of the solution, sterility, assay sodium hyaluronate.

Sterilization Mode Effect on the Hydration Rate of Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate

ABSTRACTPlaster bandages have been found to support bacteria. The sterilization of plaster (calcium sulfate hemihydrate) for use as an implant biomaterial is, therefore, a primary concern. Heat sterilization can significantly alter material properties and the kinetics of plaster hydration. A study has been done of the effects of sterilization by gamma radiation and by ethylene oxide on the hydration rate of plaster. Three hemihydrate bases with differing water requirements and hydration rates were sterilized by each method. Adiabatic temperature rise was used to follow hydration. Five outcomes were measured and analyzed. These outcomes include the induction period, maximum rate of temperature rise (MRR), time to MRR, total temperature rise, and time to maximum temperature. Neither sterilization mode was found to significantly alter the hydration process of any of the plaster bases. From a material property standpoint, either gamma radiation or ethylene oxide treatment is preferred to heat sterization of calcium sulfate hemihydrate.