Experimental Study on the Influence of the Transition Section in the Middle of a Continuous Bend on the Correlation of Flow Movement in the Front and Back Bends

There exists a correlation in the flow movement between the front and back bends of a continuous bend, and the change in the transition section configuration influences this correlation. In this paper, laboratory experiments were conducted to systematically measure the three-dimensional velocity in a continuous bend with different width/depth ratios of the transition section. Based on this work, the flow movement characteristics of a continuous bend were analysed, including the circulation structure, circulation intensity and Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE). The flow movement correlation between the front and back bends of the continuous bend was also analysed. The influence of the width/depth ratio of the transition section on the correlation of the flow movement of the front and back bends and their relationship with discharge were explored. This research could help to elucidate the development and evolution laws of the continuous bend and provide theoretical support for flow movement, flood routing, sediment transport and riverbed evolution. It is found that in addition to the circulation structure and intensity, the TKE of the front and back bends of the continuous bend also shows a strong correlation. With increasing discharge, the correlation between the front and back bends increases, and the larger the discharge is, the greater the influence of the same amplitude of variation in the discharge on the correlation. At the same time, the larger the discharge is, the greater the influence of the same amplitude of variation in the width/depth ratio of the transition section on the correlation of the front and back bends. When the discharge is constant, the correlation between the front and back bends decreases with the decrease in the width/depth ratio of the transition section, and the smaller the width/depth ratio, the greater the influence of the same amplitude of variation in the width/depth ratio on the correlation. There is no linear relationship between the amplitudes of variation in both the discharge and width/depth ratio and the corresponding amplitude of variation in the correlation. With increasing discharge, the amplitude of variation in the correlation caused by the same amplitude of the variation in discharge slightly increases. However, there is an exponential relationship between the amplitude of variation in the width/depth ratio and the corresponding correlation. The influence of the width/depth ratio on the correlation is clearly greater than that of the discharge.

Child Pornography Websites on the Darknet

Cybercrime has been moving to the darknet which provides privacy and anonymity to users. Despite international efforts to eradicate child pornography, websites to distribute lurid materials are found to be resilient. Due to the significance of the criminality, law enforcement authorities have taken covert measures to dismantle the leadership of these websites, focusing on arresting the organizers and core members. In this paper, two cases involving child pornography websites were examined to disclose how these websites were structured and managed as well as investigation strategies and tactics employed by investigation agencies. Some similarities were identified during pre-arrest and after-arrest stages for an investigation goal and evidence verification, respectively. However, during a deanonymisation stage the two agencies used different investigation strategies to approach and arrest the target criminals. It is very likely that darknet websites will be managed in diverse manners, or that more anonymity and encryption will make pornography circulation structure invisible and unreachable. In this study, it was argued that perfect anonymity is not provided to the darknet users and that investigation agencies should make technical and social engineering efforts to deanonymise identities of criminals.

DISCONTINUITY OF LINGKAGE CIRCULATION STRUCTURE WITHIN THE AREA OF THE KERATON KASEPUHAN CIREBON (A Case Study: The Keraton Kasepuhan Complex; The Mandalangen Kampong)

Abstract- The Kasepuhan Cirebon Palace is a living and standing city monument that acts as a city artifact. The existence of the palace itself has been established since the fourteenth century as the kingdom’s capital. A castle cannot stand on its own as a city monument, hence the existence of urban function elements such as; Housing, Circulation, and Fixed Activities as described by Aldo Rossi in The Architecture of the city, 1982. Within the complex of this palace, there are two main areas surrounded by a fortress wall, namely the Keraton complex as the dwelling for Sultan Sepuh (the King), and the Kampung Mandalangen Complex as the dwelling for abdi dalem (servants, subordinates) and royal relatives. The method used in this research is descriptive-quantitative with Continuity, Connectivity, and Depth analysis (Marshall, Stephen, Streets & Patterns. 2003) to discover Street Types in the form of stem, spine and cross-connector within the area. After discovering the Backbone of the complex, (the writer) then descriptively provides the Ragaan (visual/description) in the form of the orientation of the complexes towards one another. In time, many changes have happened to this area. Special mention must be made of the phenomenon of open/close permeability to the Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon (between complexes and outside of the complex), along with the phenomenon of spatial non-physical aspects (palatial policy and citizens’ behavior) that affects the spatial physical element. Both phenomena have created a shift in the Circulation link structure of both complexes, as well as relations between both complexes. Keywords: Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon, Relation, Circulation Link Structure, Backbone, DisContinuity.

Marine Rapid Environmental Assessment in the Gulf of Taranto: a multiscale approach

A multiscale sampling experiment was carried out in the Gulf of Taranto (eastern Mediterranean) providing the first synoptic evidence of the large-scale circulation structure and associated mesoscale variability. The mapping of the mesoscale and large-scale geostrophic circulation showed the presence of an anticyclonic large-scale gyre occupying the central open ocean area of the Gulf of Taranto. On the periphery of the gyre upwelling is evident where surface waters are colder and saltier than at the center of the gyre. Over a 1-week period, the rim current of the gyre undergoes large changes which are interpreted as baroclinic–barotropic instabilities, generating small-scale cyclonic eddies in the periphery of the anticyclone. The eddies are generally small, one of which can be classified as a submesoscale eddy due to its size. This eddy field modulates the upwelling regime in the gyre periphery.

Marine Rapid Environmental Assessment in the Gulf of Taranto: a multiscale approach

A multiscale sampling experiment was carried out in the Gulf of Taranto (eastern Mediterranean) providing the first synoptic evidence of the large scale circulation structure and associated mesoscale variability. The mapping of the mesoscale and large scale geostrophic circulation showed the presence of an anticyclonic large scale Gyre occupying the central open ocean area of the Gulf of Taranto. On the periphery of the Gyre upwelling is evident where surface waters are colder and saltier than at the center of the Gyre. Over a one-week period, the rim current of the Gyre undergoes large changes which are interpreted as baroclinic/barotropic instabilities, generating small scale cyclonic eddies in the periphery of the anticyclone. The eddies are generally small, one of which can be classified as a submesoscale eddy, due to its size. This eddy field modulates the upwelling regime in the Gyre periphery.