Socioeconomic factors are known to be contributing factors to vehicle-pedestrian crashes. Although several studies have examined the socioeconomic factors related to the locations of crashes, few studies have considered the socioeconomic factors of the neighbourhoods where road users live in vehicle-pedestrian crash modelling. In vehicle-pedestrian crashes in the Melbourne metropolitan area, 20% of pedestrians, 11% of drivers, and only 6% of both drivers and pedestrians had the same postcode for the crash and residency locations. Therefore, an examination of the influence of socioeconomic factors of their neighbourhoods, and their relative importance will contribute to advancing knowledge in the field, as very limited research has been conducted on the influence of socioeconomic factors of both the neighbourhoods where crashes occur and where pedestrians live. In this chapter, neighbourhood factors associated with road users' residents and location of crash are investigated using BDT model. Furthermore, partial dependence plots are applied to illustrate the interactions between these factors. The authors found that socioeconomic factors account for 60% of the 20 top contributing factors to vehicle-pedestrian crashes. This research reveals that socioeconomic factors of the neighbourhoods where road users live and where crashes occur are important in determining the severity of crashes, with the former having a greater influence. Hence, road safety counter-measures, especially those focussing on road users, should be targeted at these high-risk neighbourhoods.