Metal-free Synthesis of N-Sulfonylformamidines via Skeletal Reconstruction of Sulfonyl Oximonitriles

We firstly develop an unprecedented domino reaction of sulfonyl oximonitriles with secondary amines to streamline synthesis of N-sulfonylformamidines in decent to high yields under mild reaction conditions. In addition, the...

Oxidative cyclo-rearrangement of helicenes into chiral nanographenes

Nanographenes are emerging as a distinctive class of functional materials for electronic and optical devices. It is of remarkable significance to enrich the precise synthetic chemistry for these molecules. Herein, we develop a facile strategy to recompose helicenes into chiral nanographenes through a unique oxidative cyclo-rearrangement reaction. Helicenes with 7~9 ortho-fused aromatic rings are firstly oxidized and cyclized, and subsequently rearranged into nanographenes with an unsymmetrical helicoid shape through sequential 1,2-migrations. Such skeletal reconstruction is virtually driven by the gradual release of the strain of the highly distorted helicene skeleton. Importantly, the chirality of the helicene precursor can be integrally inherited by the resulting nanographene. Thus, a series of chiral nanographenes are prepared from a variety of carbohelicenes and heterohelicenes. Moreover, such cyclo-rearrangement reaction can be sequentially or simultaneously associated with conventional oxidative cyclization reactions to ulteriorly enrich the geometry diversity of nanographenes, aiming at innovative properties.

Skeletal remodeling of chalcone-based pyridinium salts to access isoindoline polycycles and their bridged derivatives

Simultaneous deconstructive ring-opening and skeletal reconstruction of an inert, aromatic pyridinium ring is of great importance in synthetic communities. However, research in this area is still in its infancy. Here,...

The Effectiveness of Skeletal Reconstruction in Severe Post Rhinoplasty Nasal Deformity

Background Revision rhinoplasty in patients with multiple prior surgeries is among the most challenging procedures in facial plastic surgery. Evaluating patient satisfaction in this unique patient population is important in determining which technique is effective. Objective In this study, we attempted to determine the outcomes of total nasal skeletal reconstruction in patients with severe post rhinoplasty deformity due to multiple previous revision surgeries. Methods A retrospective medical record analysis of ambulatory surgery and hospital databases was performed relating to rhinoplasty patients between April 2014 to December 2018. Patient demographics, surgical technique, and functional and aesthetic outcome assessment data were retrieved. Patients’ functional satisfaction was measured with the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) instrument, and the Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) instrument was used to evaluate cosmetic results. Results A total of 253 revision rhinoplasties were extracted. Of these, 25 patients were revision cases with total skeletal reconstruction. The patients had undergone a mean of 3.2 previous rhinoplasties. Mean preoperative ROE and NOSE scores were 6.36 ±3.69 and 80.33±12.02, respectively. Septum, tip, dorsum, and side walls were reconstructed in all cases. The mean postoperative ROE and NOSE score after one year were 17.27±4.67 and 53.33 ±19.80 respectively, which were statistically significant (p-value <0.001). Conclusions Having the knowledge and experience to perform total nasal skeletal reconstruction by rebuilding an unsalvageable nose leads to long-standing satisfactory functional and aesthetic results.

Bioabsorbable Osteofixation Materials for Maxillofacial Bone Surgery: A Review on Polymers and Magnesium-Based Materials

Clinical application of osteofixation materials is essential in performing maxillofacial surgeries requiring rigid fixation of bone such as trauma surgery, orthognathic surgery, and skeletal reconstruction. In addition to the use of titanium plates and screws, clinical applications and attempts using bioabsorbable materials for osteofixation surgery are increasing with demands to avoid secondary surgery for the removal of plates and screws. Synthetic polymeric plates and screws were developed, reaching satisfactory physical properties comparable to those made with titanium. Although these polymeric materials are actively used in clinical practice, there remain some limitations to be improved. Due to questionable physical strength and cumbersome molding procedures, interests in resorbable metal materials for osteofixation emerged. Magnesium (Mg) gained attention again in the last decade as a new metallic alternative, and numerous animal studies to evaluate the possibility of clinical application of Mg-based materials are being conducted. Thanks to these researches and studies, vascular application of Mg-based biomaterials was successful; however, further studies are required for the clinical application of Mg-based biomaterials for osteofixation, especially in the facial skeleton. The review provides an overview of bioabsorbable osteofixation materials in maxillofacial bone surgery from polymer to Mg.

Chest wall and diaphragm reconstruction; a technique not well established in literature

Introduction: The treatment for most primary chest wall tumors is wide excision. After radical chest wall resection, skeletal reconstruction, when appropriate to preserve the reconstruction, is the essential element for successful management. Case presentation: We describe a case of a 27-year-old male patient who had chest wall and diaphragm reconstruction for a recurrent chest wall tumor, using a single patch of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) mesh with diaphragm implanted into the middle of the mesh. There were no operative complications. The patient received post-operative radiotherapy with good functional and cosmetic results. Conclusion: We present a novel and safe technique resulting in stable results after full-thickness multi-rib chest wall resections involving the diaphragm.