Assessing the dynamic tourism inter-industry linkages and economic structural changes in Cambodia’s economy

This study employs the SAM-based model combining with multiplier product matrix and field of influence approaches. Under three input–output transaction table matrices of the years 2005, 2010, and 2015, these approaches assess the dynamic tourism inter-industry linkages and structural economic changes in Cambodia. We find that the overall inter-industry connection is relatively low. The textile, other manufacturing, and transportation and communication are key sectors. They have the largest coefficient field of influence of changes in the economic system. Tourism has shifted to be a key sector in 2010 and 2015. However, its backward and forward linkages are still small. It is a relatively promising sector generating a large coefficient field of influence of changes, showing less strength of overall connection with other industries. This study may suggest that there would be a need for promoting, encouraging, and investing in key economic sectors. Policy intervention should focus on developing domestic tourism linkages and strengthening inter-industry ties to diversity tourism benefits the local economy.

Vertical viscosity coefficient increased for high-resolution modeling of the Tsushima/Korea Strait

This study clarifies the necessity of an extraordinary large coefficient of vertical viscosity for dynamical ocean modeling in a shallow and narrow strait with complex bathymetry. Sensitivity experiments and objective analyses imply that background momentum viscosity is at the order of 100 cm2/s, while tracer diffusivity estimates are on the order of 0.1 cm2/s. The physical interpretation of these estimates is also discussed in the last part of this paper. To obtain reliable solutions, this study introduces cyclic application of the dynamical response to each parameter to minimize the number of long-term sensitivity experiments. The recycling Green’s function method yields weaker bottom friction and enhanced latent heat flux simultaneously with the increased viscosity in high-resolution modeling of the Tsushima/Korea Strait.

Monitoring the proportion infected by SARS-CoV-2 from age-stratified hospitalisation and serological data

BackgroundRegional monitoring of the proportion infected by SARS-CoV-2 is important to guide local management of the epidemic, but is difficult in the absence of regular nationwide serosurveys.MethodsWe developed a method to reconstruct in real-time the proportion infected by SARS-CoV-2 and the proportion of infections being detected from the joint analysis of age-stratified seroprevalence, hospitalisation and case data. We applied our approach to the 13 French metropolitan regions.FindingsWe estimate that 5.7% [5.1%-6.4%] of adults in metropolitan France had been infected by SARS-CoV-2 by May 2020. This proportion remained stable until August and increased to 12.6% [11.2%-14.3%] by the end of November. With 23.8% [21.2%-26.8%] infected in the Paris region compared to 4.0% [3.5% - 4.6%] in Brittany, regional variations remained large (Coefficient of Variation CV: 0.53) although less so than in May (CV: 0.74). The proportion infected was twice higher (17.6% [13.4%-22.7%]) in 20-49 y.o. than in 50+ y.o (8.0% [5.7% - 11.5%]). Forty percent [33.7% - 45.4%] of infections in adults were detected in June-August compared to 55.7% [48.7% - 63.1%] in September-November. Our method correctly predicted seroprevalence in 11 regions in which only hospitalisation data were used.InterpretationIn the absence of contemporary serosurvey, our real-time monitoring indicates that the proportion infected by SARS-CoV-2 may be above 20% in some French regions.FundingEU RECOVER, ANR, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Inserm.

Genetic correlations for reproductive and growth traits in rabbits

The objective of this study was to obtain heritability estimates for reproductive (litter size at birth, number born alive, litter size at weaning) and growth traits (individual weaning weight, individual weight at the end of the fattening period), then determine the genetic correlation between them in a synthetic rabbit line. A total of 805 females, 3242 parities, and 18 472 growth records were measured from 2006 to 2017. A pentavariate animal model was used with reproductive and growth traits. Heritability ranged from 0.025 to 0.126 for reproductive traits and from 0.033 to 0.059 for growth traits. These traits showed a large coefficient of variation (from 32% to 56% for reproductive traits and from 21% to 28% for growth traits). The repeatability of reproductive traits was low and the common litter effect for growth traits was the most important component of total variance. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between reproductive and growth traits were high and negative, especially with weight at weaning (−0.848, −0.922, and −0.854 for litter size at birth, number born alive, and litter size at weaning, respectively). In conclusion, because of the high negative correlation between reproductive and growth traits, both reproductive and growth traits should be selected in independent lines and the response to selection should be due mainly to the high coefficient of variation of the traits.

Assessing the Dynamic Tourism Inter-Industry Linkages and Economic Structural Changes in Cambodia’s Economy

This study employs the SAM-based model combining with Multiplier Production Matrix and Field of Influence Approach. Under three Input-Output Transaction Table Matrices of the year 2005, 2010, and 2015, these approaches use to assess the dynamic tourism inter-industry linkages and structural economic changes in Cambodia. We find that the overall inter-industry connection is relatively low. The textile, other manufacturing, and transportation and communication are key sectors. They have the largest coefficient field of influence of changes in the economic system. Tourism has shifted to be a key sector in 2010 and 2015. However, its backward and forward linkages are still small. It is a relatively promising sector in terms of generating a large coefficient field of influence of changes, showing less strength of overall connection with other industries. This study may suggest that there would be a need for promoting, encouraging, and investing in key economic sectors. Policies intervention should focus on developing domestic tourism linkages and strengthening inter-industry ties for the success of diversifying tourism benefits to the local economy.

Genetic characterization of autochthonous varieties of Lubeničarka pear using AFLP markers

Wider Banja Luka region has a very important gene pool of the old autochthonous varieties of different fruit species. Naturally, an important place in this gene pool is occupied by autochthonous varieties of pears that have various periods of maturation, interesting commercial and technological characteristics, and are sources of resistance genes to the economically most important diseases and pests, as well as to the external environmental conditions. This paper deals with 7 selected accessions of the Lubeničarka variety at the following locations: Prnjavor (village Orašje, accession G_19, town Prnjavor, accession G_20 and Kokori Crnadci G _18), Srbac, accessions G_15 and G_16, Banja Luka (Hisete G_14 and Bistrica G_17). In order to reliably prove that there are differences among selected accessions we have analyzed the genetic profiles using AFLP genetic markers and established, based on the Jaccard similarity coefficient, that there is a genetic variability among the studied accessions. Furthermore, based on these analyzes we have classified these studied varieties into 3 groups of which accession G_19 has a very large coefficient (0.4369) when compared to other accessions, so that the affiliation of this genotype to Lubeničarka variety stays questionable.

Enhanced thermal expansion by micro-displacement amplifying mechanical metamaterial

ABSTRACTIt is important to achieve materials with large coefficient of thermal expansion in science and engineering applications. In this paper, we propose an experimentally-validated metamaterial approach to amplify the thermal expansion of materials based on the guiding principles of flexible hinges and displacement amplification mechanism. The thermal expansion property of the designed metamaterial is demonstrated by simulation and experiment with a temperature increase of 245 K for the two-dimensional sample. Both experimental and simulation results display amplified thermal expansion property of the metamaterial. The effective coefficient of thermal expansion of the metamaterials is demonstrated to be dependent on the size parameters of the structure, which means by appropriately tailoring these parameters, the thermal expansion of materials could be amplified with different amplification factor. This work provides an important method to control the thermal expansion coefficient of materials and could be applied in various industry domain.

The influence of tool diameter on wear during milling of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V

One of the main problems associated with machining of difficult-to-cut materials is tool wear. Tool wear may comprise a large proportion of production costs. Titanium alloys due to its properties – low thermal conductivity, high durability and a large coefficient of friction belong to difficult-to-cut materials. The paper presents the results of research on the impact of cutter diameter on tool wear during the milling process of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V.