scholarly journals Genetic characterization of autochthonous varieties of Lubeničarka pear using AFLP markers

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Ljubomir Radoš ◽  
Bojana Vučković ◽  
Tanja Krmpot ◽  
Aleš Vokurka ◽  
Zlatan Kovačević
Keyword(s):  
Gene Pool ◽  
Jaccard Similarity ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Technological Characteristics ◽  
Banja Luka ◽  
Genetic Profiles ◽  
Large Coefficient

Wider Banja Luka region has a very important gene pool of the old autochthonous varieties of different fruit species. Naturally, an important place in this gene pool is occupied by autochthonous varieties of pears that have various periods of maturation, interesting commercial and technological characteristics, and are sources of resistance genes to the economically most important diseases and pests, as well as to the external environmental conditions. This paper deals with 7 selected accessions of the Lubeničarka variety at the following locations: Prnjavor (village Orašje, accession G_19, town Prnjavor, accession G_20 and Kokori Crnadci G _18), Srbac, accessions G_15 and G_16, Banja Luka (Hisete G_14 and Bistrica G_17). In order to reliably prove that there are differences among selected accessions we have analyzed the genetic profiles using AFLP genetic markers and established, based on the Jaccard similarity coefficient, that there is a genetic variability among the studied accessions. Furthermore, based on these analyzes we have classified these studied varieties into 3 groups of which accession G_19 has a very large coefficient (0.4369) when compared to other accessions, so that the affiliation of this genotype to Lubeničarka variety stays questionable.

Isolation and Characterization of Bifidobacteria from diverse ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Halima Aurass Bahloul ◽  
Hadadji Miloud ◽  
Mebrouk Kihal
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Commercial Milk

Bifidobacteria represent the largest group of human intes nal bacteria. They have an important place in human health and represent the dominant group of micro ora. For this reason, they are key members of the human gut microbiota, particularly during the first one to two years following birth. The aim of this study was to test the sensibility of Bifidobacterium isolated from some strains at different concentrations of salinity and high concentration of bile as a criterion to select probiotic strains. Following the behavior of strains of Bifidobacteria isolated from different ecosystems was considered in order to develop the therapeu c aliment food . Samples from newborn infants aged 3 months, bee intestine, fermented commercial milk and yoghurt of bifidus containing Bifidobacteria was used and the isolated strains belonged to -breve and -longum species. The results of resisitance of our species of Bifidobacteria demonstrated a total inibition of croissance at 5.5% of NaCl but in 5% media of NaCl we observed a moderate croissance at di erent me of kinetics croissance .

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding collection in Serbia

Genetika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Savic ◽  
Milka Brdar-Jokanovic ◽  
Miodrag Dimitrijevic ◽  
Sofija Petrovic ◽  
Milan Zdravkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Novi Sad

The characterization of 41 common bean cultivars and landraces from breeding collection of Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia, was done based on phenotypic traits and microsatellite markers. Phenotypic traits were chosen from Bioversity International descriptor list. In addition, main yield components were investigated. Analysis of phaseolin type revealed affiliation of cultivars and landraces to Mesoamerican or Andean gene pool. Cultivars and landraces demonstrated significant diversity level with regard to studied phenotypic traits. Identified variation showed high potential for developing new cultivars with desirable combination of traits. Principal component analysis based on phenotypic traits separated bean cultivars and landraces in two groups, which corresponded to Mesoamerican and Andean determined according to phaseolin type. Putative hybrids, with combination of traits between gene pools were also identified. Analysis of microsatellite data, using twenty-two SSR primer pairs, showed medium gene diversity in studied material. Microsatellite-based cluster analysis separated genotypes in two discrete clusters and several subclusters. No clear separation according to gene pool was found between the clusters, however grouping according to gene pool and patterns of phenotypic variation, following these gene pools, were observed within subclusters. Knowledge on detailed relationships of cultivars and landraces based on phenotypic and molecular data would facilitate identification of candidates for future breeding.

Characterization of Virulence Phenotypes of Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines) Populations in North Dakota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Intiaz Amin Chowdhury ◽  
Guiping Yan ◽  
Addison Plaisance ◽  
sam markell
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
First Time ◽  
Primary Strategy

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines) continues to be the greatest threat to soybean production in the United States. Since host resistance is the primary strategy used to control SCN, knowledge of SCN virulence phenotypes (HG types) is necessary for choosing sources of resistance for SCN management. To characterize SCN virulence phenotypes in North Dakota (ND), a total of 419 soybean fields across 22 counties were sampled during 2015, 2016, and 2017. SCN was detected in 42% of the fields sampled and population densities in these samples ranged from 30 to 92,800 eggs and juveniles per 100 cm3 of soil. The SCN populations from some of the infested fields were virulence phenotyped with seven soybean indicator lines and a susceptible check (Barnes) using the HG type tests. Overall, 73 SCN field populations were successfully virulence phenotyped. The HG types detected in ND were HG type 0 (frequency rate: 36%), 7 (27%), 2.5.7 (19%), 5.7 (11%), 1.2.5.7 (4%), and 2.7 (2%). However, prior to this study only HG type 0 was detected in ND. The designation of each of the HG types detected was then validated in this study by repeating the HG type tests for thirty-three arbitrarily selected samples. This research for the first time reports several new HG types detected in ND and confirms that the virulence of SCN populations is shifting and overcoming resistance, highlighting the necessity of utilization of different resistance sources, rotation of resistance sources, and identification of novel resistance sources for SCN management in ND.

Characterization of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Races in Zambia and Evaluation of the CIAT Phaseolus Core Collection for Resistance to Anthracnose

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin Kamfwa ◽  
Paul Gepts ◽  
Swivia Hamabwe ◽  
Zombe Kapata Nalupya ◽  
Chikoti Mukuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Runner Bean ◽  
Causal Pathogen ◽  
Scarlet Runner Bean

Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the causal pathogen of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) anthracnose, is highly variable. Therefore, understanding its race structure and identification of new sources of resistance is necessary for the development of varieties with durable resistance. The objectives of this study were (i) to characterize isolates of C. lindemuthianum collected from three major bean-growing regions in Zambia, and (ii) evaluate the CIAT Phaseolus core collection for resistance to C. lindemuthianum races 37, 73, and 566, and a blend of 20 races. Isolates collected from three major bean-growing districts in Zambia, namely Mporokoso, Mpika, and Mbala, were characterized as race 37, 73, and 566, respectively. A subset of the CIAT core collection comprised of 885 accessions of common bean, 13 accessions of scarlet runner bean (P. coccineus), and 11 accessions of year bean (P. dumosus) were evaluated for resistance to races 37, 73 and 566, and a blend of 20 races in a greenhouse at University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. A total of 72%, 66%, 48% and 9% of P. vulgaris accessions evaluated were highly resistant to races 37, 73, 566 and a blend of 20 races, respectively. Also, accessions of P. coccineus and P. dumosus, highly resistant to races 37, 73 and 566, were identified. Only eight of the 331 P. vulgaris accessions were highly resistant to all three individual races (37, 73, and 566) and to a blend of 20 races. These eight accessions constitute a valuable breeding resource for developing varieties with durable resistance to C. lindemuthianum.

Characterization of morphological and yield variation of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) genotypes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmut Çamlýca ◽  
Gülsüm Yaldýz
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
Yield Variation ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum L

Trigonella foenum-graecum L. has an important place among cultivated plants in our country as well as in the world. This study was carried out to determine the morphological and yield properties of 118 fenugreek genotypes which obtained from United States Department of Agriculture and local cultivars. Among the genotypes and controls, plant height (24.95-85.15 cm), first pod height (17.00-35.78 cm), pod weight (0.63-63.05 g per plant-1), number of seed per pod (3.56-14.30), pod lenght (7.01-36.10 cm), 1000 seed weight (0.49-56.31 g) and seed yield per plant (0.21-27.44 g) were determined. As a result of study, the highest seed yield and 1000 seed weight were seen in PI 296394 genotype. Dendogram analysis grouped the set of fenugreek genotypes into two main groups and many of fenugreek genotypes in same origin were found in different groups.

scholarly journals New sources of resistance toMeloidogyne incognitarace 3 in wild cotton accessions and histological characterization of the defence mechanisms

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1173-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Mota ◽  
G. C. S. Alves ◽  
M. Giband ◽  
A. C. M. M. Gomes ◽  
F. R. Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Wild Cotton

Microbiological and molecular characterization of nosocomial and community Staphylococcus aureus isolates

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. SCAZZOCCHIO ◽  
L. AQUILANTI ◽  
C. TABACCHINI ◽  
V. IEBBA ◽  
C. PASSARIELLO
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Genetic Profiles ◽  
Hospital Acquired

SUMMARYThis study aimed to evaluate the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus infections in different departments of Belcolle Hospital in Viterbo and the surrounding area between January 2003 and June 2008. Isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) recovered in this time interval were characterized by microbiological and molecular methods to evaluate the reliability of simple criteria to distinguish between hospital-acquired and community-acquired isolates. MRSA accounted for 33% of all S. aureus, with a significantly higher prevalence in isolates from nosocomial infections. MRSA isolates were assayed by PCR for the presence of 13 genes associated with virulence, agr type and SCCmec type. Cumulative data were analysed by partial least square discriminant analysis and a clear correlation was demonstrated between genetic profiles and classification of isolates as hospital or community acquired according to simple temporal criteria. Nosocomial MRSA isolates from blood samples showed significantly higher genetic diversity than other nosocomial isolates. Our data confirm the existence of significant differences between community- and hospital-acquired MRSA isolates.

Molecular characterization of almond accessions from the island of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain) using SSR markers

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Padilla ◽  
Rafel Socias i Company ◽  
Amando Ordás
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Average Value ◽  
La Palma ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Soft Shell ◽  
Genetic Profiles ◽  
Simple Sequence

In this study, 15 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used for genetic diversity analysis of 45 almond accessions, which included 25 local cultivars from La Palma Island and three other commercial cultivars. A total of 110 amplification fragments were produced, with an average value of 7.9 alleles per locus. Twelve of the SSR markers can be considered as highly informative, with values of expected heterozygosity and power of discrimination above 0.5 and 0.8, respectively. Due to cases of synonymy and homonymy, 37 different genetic profiles were obtained, with the homonymy of the soft-shell varieties known as ‘Mollar’ being the most significant. Cluster analysis identified four groups within the accessions. One of these groups exclusively consisted of the two commercial cultivars ‘Guara’ and ‘Ferraduel’. The other commercial cultivar used in the study, ‘Desmayo Largueta’, was in a cluster with three cultivars from the same locality. The analysis of molecular variance revealed that the within-localities component accounts for most of the total variation, suggesting that La Palma almond cultivars did not originate independently in different parts of the island. The results of the study reveal the genetic singularity of La Palma almond cultivars and the genetic diversity among them.

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