Molecular tracking devices quantify antigen distribution and archiving in the murine lymph node

The detection of foreign antigens in vivo has relied on fluorescent conjugation or indirect read-outs such as antigen presentation. In our studies, we found that these widely used techniques had several technical limitations that have precluded a complete picture of antigen trafficking or retention across lymph node cell types. To address these limitations, we developed a 'molecular tracking device' to follow the distribution, acquisition, and retention of antigen in the lymph node. Utilizing an antigen conjugated to a nuclease-resistant DNA tag, acting as a combined antigen-adjuvant conjugate, and single-cell mRNA sequencing we quantified antigen abundance in lymph node. Variable antigen levels enabled the identification of caveolar endocytosis as a mechanism of antigen acquisition or retention in lymphatic endothelial cells. Thus, these molecular tracking devices enable new approaches to study dynamic tissue dissemination of antigen-adjuvant conjugates and identify new mechanisms of antigen acquisition and retention at cellular resolution in vivo.

The Transmission Tower with Angles Composed by the Variable Cross-Section is Studied Modal Analysis and Secondary Stress

In order to study the mechanical properties of the angle variable cross-section transmission tower against the corner of a 500kV transmission line tower, it becomes a node by node plate tower slope at a single angle and dual angle connected to a total of ten bars, dozens of bolts. The entire tower was built finite element model, the model is modal analysis, the results of the analysis of compliance with regulatory requirements. In the most unfavorable conditions, the tower each node variable slope rod internal forces are extracted, come times of stress accounted main material angle of principal stress ratio is large, need to be considered in the design.