Preparation and Characterization of Carbon from Petung Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) and Ori Bamboo (Bambusa arundinacea) by Carbonization Heat Treatment

Bamboo is an interesting renewable material. Bamboo was used as a source to produced carbon black. This study was using Petung Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) and Ori Bamboo (Bambusa arundinacea) as a source of carbon. Carbon black was formed from bamboo through carbonization heat treatment at low temperature in air atmosphere (without inert gas). Carbonization heat treatment was done through gradual heating. The achieved bamboo carbon black was examined. In air atmosphere, bamboo carbon black was formed through slow heating at 300 °C and burned at rapid heating. The yield of bamboo carbon from Petung Bamboo was higher than Ori Bamboo. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed amorphous structure of the carbon. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observation showed that bamboo carbon has fiber and cell structure containing pore. BET results showed that surface area increased with increasing carbonization temperature. Bamboo carbon has high calorie value. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) results showed that degradation temperature increased with increasing carbonization temperature.