A Brain-Inspired Dynamic Environmental Emergency Response Framework for Sudden Water Pollution Accidents

Sudden water pollution accidents happen frequently in China, and the number of treated accidents is low, due to the slow response speed. In addition, there is a lack of decision support systems that can follow up the whole process instead of just giving a one-time method. This study constructs a framework suitable for China that has both the ability of quick responses and full-time dynamic decision support, such as an experienced expert, while not being affected by pressure, to be used an emergency response for sudden water pollution accidents. To allow new decisionmakers to integrate into this professional decision-making role more quickly, a brain-inspired system is realized through combining the machine learning algorithm KNN and the idea of iteration and dynamic programming. The feasibility of our framework is further tested through a major water pollution happened recently. The results show that this framework can be well connected with the emergency response technology system that has been completed before, while also supporting the rapid and robust decision making such as the decisionmaker’s second brain, reducing the demand for professional background and experience of emergency decisionmakers, thus effectively shorten the waiting period for response.

A Gateway to Rapid Prediction of Water Quality: A Case Study in China’s South-to-North Water Diversion Project

Water quality assurance is the primary factor for the successful operation of water diversion projects across river basins. The rapid prediction of water pollution is the basis for timely and effective emergency control and disposal measures. In China, since the open channels intersect with numerous waterways and traffic arteries, water transfer projects are prone to sudden water pollution accidents. In this paper, the rapid prediction method was developed for sudden water pollution accidents that possibly occurred in the East Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (ERP) in Shandong Province. With the empirical formula of the pollution transfer law, a rapid prediction model of water quality (WQRP) was established based on the simulation of the typical accidents in the main channel. Finally, four typical accidents were selected as application examples, and the prediction results were compared with the results from a computer numerical simulation to demonstrate the validity of the model. The results showed that the prediction results by the WQRP model meet the accuracy requirements. This method is of great significance for providing water transport security in the extreme conditions of long-distance water transfer projects.

Forecasting Mechanism using Grey Prediction Model for Sudden Water Pollution Accidents

To discover the control of water contamination mishaps, measurements and conjecture strategies are frequently used to define crisis plans in security designing. This paper shows the inherent clash between the methods of water-shed the executives and counteraction of abrupt water pollution disaster. Consequently, another idea "Trans-limit abrupt water pollution disaster" has been projected, and attributes gauging instrument is explored. In this magazine, GM (1,1) model is utilized in expectation of water contamination mishaps that occurred as of late. We utilize a showing case of water contamination as our contextual analysis to test the proficiency and precision of the GM(1,1) representation. On the base of model, we pick 9 determining files finally, and set up the estimating file framework for trans-limit abrupt water contamination mishaps. As per the test marks, the presentation of this mould is acceptable and it is helpful for regime to settle on crisis choices.

Fast and optimal decision for emergency control of sudden water pollution accidents in long distance water diversion projects

Long distance water diversion projects transfer clean water to cities for industrial, agricultural and domestic use; there is a great risk of sudden water pollution accidents. Without a fast and optimal decision for emergency control in response to sudden water pollution accidents, dispatchers or decision-makers will not be prepared to respond to the accidents during the process of an emergency spill. To address this gap, a framework for fast and optimal decision support in emergency control is reported in this paper. The proposed fast and optimal decision system covers four stages. In this study, the analytical hierarchy process integrated with grey fixed weight clustering was used to determine the gate closing mode. The emergency control strategy in ice cover formation period is presented. A case study was examined in the demonstrative project conducted in the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. The relative errors of the arrival time of the peak concentration and the peak concentration in monitoring points between the actual monitoring values and the formula calculation values are less than 18%.

Analysis on the warning situation of sudden water pollution for typical river under different water regime in the river network area

<p>In this paper, a comprehensive early-warning method of sudden water pollution is used to systematically evaluate the hazards of sensitive receptors after accidents. A coupling model of the river network hydrodynamic and water quality for conventional pollutants and conservative substance is developed to track and predict the behavior and fate of the accidental pollution mass, the expert questionnaires and other means are used to construct a quantitative and qualitative early warning index system to describe the accidental hazard, the AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are used to quantitatively evaluate the consequences of accidental hazards and a sudden water pollution risk early warning method based on the process of "accident occurrence-pollution prediction-consequence evaluation" is finally formed. The method is applied to the Yincungang River in the Yixing River Network, and the response of sensitive receptors to the discharge status of risk sources under different water regime is analyzed. The results show that: (a) the duration of the impact from the accident, the maximum standard-exceeding multiple of water quality and the degradation degree of water quality in the sensitive receptors are positively related to the discharge intensity or discharge time of the accident source, but the response time from the accidental impact is negatively related to them. (b) during the non-flood season, the warning situation in the Yincungang River shows a gradual decrease from upstream to downstream; during the main flood season, the warning situation in the upper and middle reaches of Yincungang River shows a decreasing trend, but in the middle and lower reaches that increases.(c) the transport distance and speed of accidental pollutants in the river and the concentration of accidental pollutants in the background at the sensitive receptors determine the quantitative early warning indexes dynamically, which is the fundamental reason for the spatial change of warning situation in different water regime.</p>