Zeolite-Based Materials for the Catalytic Oxidation of VOCs: A Mini Review

Catalysts for VOCs combustion have been widely studied and zeolite-based materials and have been structured to meet the need of particle use in this field. This review summarized several new trends in zeolite-based catalysts for VOCs catalytic oxidation. Intensive effort has been devoted to the optimization of composition and structure of catalysts, abatement of CVOCs, design of zeolite-based monolithic catalysts and adsorbent/catalyst bi-functional material. The suggestions for further work here presented are put forward based on the collation of recently published papers.

Lipid Nanoparticles Loaded with Iridoid Glycosides: Development and Optimization Using Experimental Factorial Design

Lipid nanoparticles based on multiple emulsion (W/O/W) systems are suitable for incorporating hydrophilic active substances, including iridoid glycosides. This study involved optimization of composition of lipid nanoparticles, incorporation of active compounds (aucubin and catalpol), evaluation of stability of the resulting nanocarriers, and characterization of their lipid matrix. Based on 32 factorial design, an optimized dispersion of lipid nanoparticles (solid lipid:surfactant—4.5:1.0 wt.%) was developed, predisposed for the incorporation of iridoid glycosides by emulsification-sonication method. The encapsulation efficiency of the active substances was determined at nearly 90% (aucubin) and 77% (catalpol). Regarding the stability study, room temperature was found to be the most suitable for maintaining the expected physicochemical parameter values (particle size < 100 nm; polydispersity index < 0.3; zeta potential > |± 30 mV|). Characterization of the lipid matrix confirmed the nanometer size range of the resulting carriers (below 100 nm), as well as the presence of the lipid in the stable β’ form.

Preparation and optimization of the composition of novel nZVI/(Fe-Mn) binary oxide/bentonite adsorbent for removal of reactive yellow 145 dye (RY-145) from aqueous solution

In this study, a new composite of nZVI/ (Fe - Mn) binary oxide/bentonite (IFMB) was synthesized and used as an adsorbent for the removal of reactive yellow 145 dye (RY- 145) from aqueous solution. Optimization of composition of IFMB composite for removal of RY - 145 dye was conducted with the help of surface response method (SRM). Three independent variables affecting to the RY-145 adsorption efficiency were selected for optimization study: Fe/Mn ratio (mol/mol), Bentonite content (wt. %) and nZVI content (wt. %). The study reveals that optimal compositions of IFMB composite for RY-145 removal was Fe/Mn = 1,75; Bentonite 9,46 wt. % and nZVI 16,97 wt. %. In the adsorption condition: adsorbent dose of 1g.L-1, initial dye concentration of 200 mg.L-1, contact time of 120 min at 120 rpm and at 25 oC, the adsorption capacity for RY-145 dye on IMFB composite is 197 mg.g-1. The value of RY-145 adsorption efficiency calculated by the model at the optimal point has been compared with the experimental value and the error is very small (0,36%). This proves that the RSM model has good repeatability.

ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ КОМПОЗИЦІЙНИХ ПЛАНІВ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТУ МЕТОДОМ СТРИБАЮЧИХ ЖАБ

The second order composition plans are using for the construction of quadratic mathematical models of the probed objects and systems. The plans of the ortogonal central composition planning (OCKP) and rotatable central composition planning (RCKP) behave to them. As criteria of optimization of these plans, cost of experiment plan realization, its time of leading through have been chosen.The method and software for optimization in the cost and temporal expenses of second order composition plans with the use of spring-elastic frogs algorithm were developed. Software is realized in S++ language. All necessary calculations were executed on a computer with the processor of Intel Pentium G620 with frequency 2.60 Ghz. A necessary volume of memory is 26 Mb. Amount of factors and cost of factors levels transitions were entered with a keyboard, or set in a file.Realization of spring-elastic frogs method requires the small volume of computer memory and has a high fast-acting decision of task.The analysis of the known methods of synthesis of optimum on cost and temporal expenses composition the second order plans is conducted and its efficiency is rotined in comparison with the followings methods: swarm of particles, taboo-search, branches and scopes, progressive approximation. By developed method and software for optimization of composition the second order plans with the use of spring-elastic frogs’ algorithm it is possible to attain the high winnings as compared to the initial plan of experiment, optimum or near to optimum results by comparison to the methods of swarm of particles, taboo-search, branches and scopes, progressive approximation, and also high fast-acting of decision of task of optimization as compared to the methods of optimization developed before. The capacity of the developed method is tested at research of process of porous material heat treatment, and also modes of maintenance of the technical systems complex.It is proved that for optimization plans of OCKP and RCKP the use of spring-elastic frogs method is expedient. In future the results will be used for application of this method at research of the various technical systems.