PENGARUH MUSCLE ENERGY TECHNIQUE DAN STRAIN COUNTERSTRAIN TERHADAP NYERI TENGKUK PADA PENDERITA MYOFACIALIS UPPER TRAPEZIUS

Myofacial pain upper trapezius adalah suatu kondisi nyeri otot pada upper trapezius yang ditandai adanya taut band pada serabut otot dan bila ditekan akan timbul nyeri hebat bahkan kadang-kadang menyebar dalam pola tertentu.Telah dilakukan penelitian di Poli Fisioterapi Rumah Sakit Umum Daya Kota Makassar selama 2 (dua) bulan yakni bulan Agustus – September 2013 untuk melihat pengaruh muscle energy technique dan strain counterstrain terhadap nyeri tengkuk pada penderita myofacialis upper trapezius. Sebuah penelitian quasi-experiment dengan desain pre-post test two group design.Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 20 orang yang ditarik dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Dari 20 orang sampel tersebut kemudian dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok. Kelompok pertama diberikan muscle energy technique dan kelompok kedu diberikan strain conterstrain, masing-masing diuji dengan uji t-perpasangan. Kemudian kedua kelompok perlakuan dibandingkan dengan uji t-tidak perpasanga.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kelompok muscle energy technique terjadi penurunan nyeri sebesar 2,56 dan kelompok strain conterstrain terjadi penuruna sebesar 1,87. Pada uji t- tidak berpasangan di dapat nilai p=0,521 (p>0,05).Kesimpulan bahwa tidak ad beda pengaruh yang bermakna antara muscle energy technique dengan strain counterstrain terhadap penurunan nyeri tengkuk pada penderita myofacialis upper trapezius. Kata kunci : muscle energy technique, strain conterstrain, myofacialis upper trapezius, nyeri.

MYOFACIAL PAIN SYNDROME OF THE UPPER TRAPEZIUS MUSCLE INCIDENTS BASED ON AGE AND LENGTH OF WORK FOR BATIK TULIS WORKERS IN WIRADESA DISTRICT

Background: Myofascial pain syndrome of the upper trapezius muscle is pain in the muscles that is characterized by trigger points. Work with a statistical position for 8 hours every day can cause the syndrome. Objective: To determine the incidence of Myofascial pain syndrome of the upper trapezius muscle based on age and length of work of batik workers. Research Methods: Descriptive study. Respondents in this study were 25 batik workers using accidental sampling method. The research instrument uses the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: myofascial pain syndrome in upper trapezius muscle category of uncontrolled severe pain experienced by respondents aged 46-60 amounted to 10 respondents (40%) and the length of work less than 10 years were 11 respondents (44%). Conclusion: The results of this study illustrate that age and length of work can be risk factors for myofascial pain syndrome of upper trapezius muscle in batik tulis workers in Wiradesa District.

Biomarkers of Temporomandibular Disorders

Temporomandibular disorder is a disorder that includes masticatory muscles or temporomandibular joints, unbalanced joint function or both. The disorders can disturb daily activity, cause by pain. The therapy consuming time and cost. Early detection of temporomandibular disorder is needed, as a prevention of more severe disorders. Increased cortisol can be found in myofacial pain and is not found in internal dearagement or osteoarthritis. Biomarkers of interleukin and monocyte chemoattractant proteins are only found in osteoarthritis. The use of biomarkers can be useful in detecting temporomandibular disorders. Biomarkers can be measured from blood, serum and saliva. Cortisol, dopamine and TAC are potential biomarkers in the temporomandibular disorder.

Efficacy of the LED Red Light Therapy in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders: Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Background. Temporomandibular dysfunction syndrome (TMD) is a common disease among dental patients. It occurs as a consequence of malfunction of the tempromandibular and/or surrounding facial muscles. LED red light therapy is not been well established, and it is important to find out the role of this technique in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders. Aim of the Study. To evaluate the efficacy of the LED red light in the treatment of the tempromandibular dysfunction syndrome. Material and Methods. Fifty students of the College of Dentistry/University of Baghdad with myofacial pain associated with Tempromandibular Disorder volunteered to participate in this study and be evaluated during both treatment and follow-up periods. They were 40 (80%) females and 10 (20%) males. Patients were divided into 2 groups: Group A treated by TenDlite® Medical Device model 204 with a LED’s of wavelength 660 nm (red light) and Group B given placebo (no treatment at all) by just putting the TenDlite device near the tender points without battery and turning ON the device. Results. The changes in the pain value and number of the tender muscles in both groups were highly significant, only placebo group less but with no significant differences. Conclusions. This study showed that red LED therapy could be useful in improving patient’s symptoms regarding pain, clicking, and number of tender muscles. In addition, this study showed the importance of the psychological part of treatment of those patients. This trial is registered with TCTR20190406002.

The use of skeletal muscle relaxants in musculoskeletal injuries: what is the evidence?

Skeletal muscle relaxants (SMRs) consist of a heterogeneous group of medications with a side effect profile of concern. The aim of this paper was to review the evidence of use of SMRs in the treatment of sports injuries. A literature search between 2005 – 2018 (Ovid MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus and SCOPUS) were conducted. In addition, citations within articles were searched, and the most commonly prescribed SMRs in South Africa were also used to explore the literature for additional publications. Relevant studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Clinical recommendations for general practitioners are given based on the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) level of evidence. Combination drugs rather than single agents are mostly used, however the effectiveness of SMR agents, single and in combination, as well as its significance as opposed to analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, still has to be evaluated. Evidence suggest SMRs to be probably effective for use in non-specific lower back pain (acute and chronic lower back muscle strains, ligament sprains, soft tissue contusions), as well as for whiplash associated disorder, mechanical neck disorders, piriformis syndrome, lateral epicondylosis, and plantar fasciitis. It does not appear if there is a role for SMRs as part of combination management for acute cervical strains, post-exercise muscle soreness or myofacial pain syndrome. However, substantial evidence to confirm the use of SMRs in the treatment of sports injuries have not been adequately investigated and is currently largely based on case reports and general reviews.