Effect of Co-Inoculation of Bacillus sp. Strain with Bacterial Endophytes on Plant Growth and Colonization in Tomato Plant (Solanum lycopersicum)

Colonization of a biofertilizer Bacillus sp. OYK strain, which was isolated from a soil, was compared with three rhizospheric and endophytic Bacillus sp. strains to evaluate the colonization potential of the Bacillus sp. strains with a different origin. Surface-sterilized seeds of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Chika) were sown in the sterilized vermiculite, and four Bacillus sp. strains were each inoculated onto the seed zone. After cultivation in a phytotron, plant growth parameters and populations of the inoculants in the root, shoot, and rhizosphere were determined. In addition, effects of co-inoculation and time interval inoculation of Bacillus sp. F-33 with the other endophytes were examined. All Bacillus sp. strains promoted plant growth except for Bacillus sp. RF-37, and populations of the rhizospheric and endophytic Bacillus sp. strains were 1.4–2.8 orders higher in the tomato plant than that of Bacillus sp. OYK. The plant growth promotion by Bacillus sp. F-33 was reduced by co-inoculation with the other endophytic strains: Klebsiella sp. Sal 1, Enterobacter sp. Sal 3, and Herbaspirillum sp. Sal 6., though the population of Bacillus sp. F-33 maintained or slightly decreased. When Klebsiella sp. Sal 1 was inoculated after Bacillus sp. F-33, the plant growth-promoting effects by Bacillus sp. F-33 were reduced without a reduction of its population, while when Bacillus sp. F-33 was inoculated after Klebsiella sp. Sal 1, the effects were increased in spite of the reduction of its population. Klebsiella sp. Sal 1 colonized dominantly under both conditions. The higher population of rhizospheric and endophytic Bacillus sp. in the plant suggests the importance of the origin of the strains for their colonization. The plant growth promotion and colonization potentials were independently affected by the co-existing microorganisms.

SER DOCENTE EN TIEMPOS DE PANDEMIA POR COVID-19: EVALUACIÓN DEL DESEMPEÑO DOCENTE EN UNA UNIVERSIDAD PÚBLICA DE LIMA

Objetivos: Evaluar el desempeño de los docentes de una universidad pública de Lima desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes. Materiales y métodos: El presente estudio es cuantitativo, no experimental, descriptivo y transversal. La muestra de estudio estuvo constituida por 72 estudiantes de una Universidad Pública de Lima (f=33; m=39), de los cuales, el 59,7% se encuentra cursando el VI ciclo académico y el 40,3% se encuentra cursando el VIII ciclo académico. El instrumento empleado fue el Cuestionario de Desempeño Docente elaborado por los autores que tiene por objetivo la evaluación del desempeño del docente desde la percepción de los estudiantes. Las dimensiones que componen la variable Desempeño docente son la gestión de contenidos, la evaluación del aprendizaje y la afectividad. Resultados: Respecto a la variable Desempeño docente, la media es de 63,07 en una escala de 20 a 100. Así mismo, la dimensión gestión de contenidos obtuvo una media de 24,39 (±7,056) en una escala de 8 a 40, la dimensión evaluación del aprendizaje obtuvo una media de 25,42 (±6,990) de una escala de 8 a 40 y la dimensión afectividad obtuvo una media de 13,26 (±4,049) en una escala de 4 a 20. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes atribuyen a sus docentes un desempeño de nivel medio. Así mismo, en la dimensión gestión de contenidos se les atribuye un nivel bajo y en las dimensiones evaluación de aprendizajes y afectividad, se les atribuye un nivel medio. Existe una relación significativa entre el semestre del estudiante y su percepción del desempeño docente.

Avaliação da qualidade de formulações magistrais fotoprotetoras géis-creme comercializadas na região centro-oeste de Minas Gerais

Introdução: O uso de fotoprotetor solar é essencial na prevenção dos danos causados pela radiação ultravioleta. As fórmulas magistrais proporcionam ao um atendimento personalizado, mas trazem questionamentos quanto ao controle de qualidade. Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de fotoprotetores magistrais comercializados na região centro-oeste de Minas Gerais. Metodologia: Cinco amostras magistrais (A, B, C, D e E) e uma comercial (F) foram analisadas conforme padrão de rotulagem, contagem total de microrganismos aeróbios mesófilos, pH, resíduo por incineração, análise qualitativa de filtro solar, densidade, espalhabilidade, estabilidade e teste quantitativo de FPS. Resultados: Rotulagem F (17%) conforme e demais (87%) parcialmente. 100% de conformidade na contagem de microrganismos. Análise qualitativa (100%) com presença de fotoprotetores. Densidade e espalhabilidade adequadas em (100%). Teor de cinzas em A e E (40%) 0,1% e B, C e D (60%) 1%. Teste de FPS, amostras orgânicas, A (50%) FPS 6,67% superior ao rótulo e E (50%) 26,67% inferior. Anterior à estabilidade (100%) homogêneas. A e F (33%), continham fragrância e demais (67%) odor característico. Coloração E (17%) esverdeada e demais (83%) brancas. pH de A e C (33%) inadequados e demais (67%) adequados. Após estabilidade preliminar C e E (33%) aspecto normal e demais (67%) levemente separadas. Cor e odor (100%) inalterados. Das amostras com pH adequado, três (75%) D, E e F estáveis e B (25%) instável. Conclusão: As amostras analisadas apresentaram irregularidades em pelo menos um parâmetro analisado, evidenciando a necessidade de seguir as legislações vigentes.

Wish Poems of Undergraduate Students Related to Physical Environment of Educational Faculty

It is seen that studies on learning spaces in higher education institutions are very few in the literature. However, spaces have the power to affect behaviors and interactions with others. This study aims to determine the wishes of university students regarding the physical environment. For this purpose, it is planned to determine the missing things in the existing physical environment according to the “wish poems” of undergraduate students and their related wishes. Accordingly, the sample of the study consisted of 211 participants among the students of the faculty of education at a state university. In the study, for the purpose of revealing the views of the undergraduate students on the physical environment of their school, they were given a semi-structure, open-ended question format as “I wish there were … in my classroom/faculty/campus” and asked to write down 3 wishes regarding the physical environment. The obtained data were analyzed by using the content analysis method. In the study, different numbers of conceptual categories were reached under each sub-title with the method of coding and imaging. At the end of the study, 578 clear responses were obtained, and after examination, these responses were gathered under 35 conceptual categories in total. The categories about which the students had the most wishes were related to the furniture and equipment in their classrooms (f=51, 26.2%), social (f=33, 18.5%) and scientific (f=32, 17.9%) areas at the faculty and green spaces at the campus (f=61, 29.6%). Consequently, as pioneers of social and scientific change, it is important for universities to reevaluate their existing physical facilities based on the wishes of students in terms of feeding their innovative instincts.

New MRI Finding in Migraineurs: Mesial Temporal Sclerosis

Background:Based on our experience, a noticeable number of migraineurs without history of epilepsy disclose mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) on their brain MRI. This prospective study was conducted to assess the frequency of MTS in migraineurs and also determine the ratio of unilateral and bilateral cases.Material and Methods: The frequency of MTS in MRI of 84 migraine patients, who had symptoms for at least 2 years, assessed. Brain MRI was done with T1 and T2 weighted protocols. Two radiologists separately interpreted findings, defining MTS as presence of any of hippocampal atrophy, increased T2 signal of hippocampus, decreased T1 signal of hippocampus or loss of internal architecture. Patients who radiologists had not agreement on their diagnoses excluded. Stat analysis done using ‘N - 1’ chi squared test.Results: Eleven patients were excluded due to non-accordant interpretation of MRI findings by the two examining radiologists. MTS was detected in 14 out of 73 patients (19%). Bilateral involvement of mesial temporal lobe was seen in 6 (8%) patients (M: 67%, F: 33%). Five cases (7%) had unilateral left MTS (M: 67%, F: 33%) while 3 (4%) were affected with right-sided MTS (M: 33%, F: 67%). These findings highly suggest association of MTS and Migraine (P-value <0.0001).Conclusion: While MTS is a prevalent finding in migraineurs, incidental finding of MTS in MRI should suspect physicians of migraine as well as temporal lobe epilepsy. MTS can be proposed as an etiology of migraine but most likely, consequence of it.

Los nuevos entornos virtuales de aprendizaje permanente (MOOC). Un estudio diacrónico del estudiantado de la Universidad Pablo de Olavide (2015-2017)

Se presenta un estudio diacrónico de 109 concepciones del estudiantado universitario pertenecientes al Grado de Educación Social de la Universidad Pablo de Olavide, durante los cursos académicos 2015/16 y 2016/17 sobre las fortalezas y debilidades que presentan los cursos MOOC en los ámbitos socio-educativos. A través de una metodología cualitativa, se identificaron como principales ventajas su carácter gratuito (f=45; f=49); ofrecen una gran flexibilidad horaria (f=44 y f= 32) y su potencialidad de ayudar a la formación de colectivos con riesgo de exclusión social con un porcentaje del más del 13% en ambos cursos académicos. Entre las principales desventajas en ambos cursos académicos destacan: la falta de un seguimiento para un proceso de aprendizaje óptimo (f=43 y f=37); el coste económico adicional para la obtención de un certificado oficial (f=40 y f=15) y una excesiva utilización de materiales expositivos sin tener en consideración las ideas y experiencias previas del alumnado (f=44 y f=20). A su vez, presentan una alta tasa de abandono (f=33 y f=28), utilizan sistemas de evaluación inadecuados (f=30 y f=22), pueden ofrecer una información caótica y dispersa (f=29 y f=18) y en la mayoría de los MOOC se exigen una gran autonomía personal (f=17 y f=26).

Instrument Nozzles Fatigue Strength Reduction Factor

Recent industry experience has raised concerns with the NRC regarding the fracture toughness of small partial penetration instrument nozzles. Historically, small-bore instruments have not been evaluated when Pressure-Temperature curves were developed. Typical instrument nozzles have an outside diameter of 3¼ inches or less and a wall thickness of 11/16 inches or less. They were considered to be exempt per ASME XI Appendix G-2223(c), “Fracture toughness analysis to demonstrate protection against non-ductile failure is not required for portions of nozzles and appurtenances having a thickness of 2.5 in. (63 mm) or less, provided the lowest service temperature is not lower than RTNDT plus 60°F (33°C).” Now it appears that the effect of the nozzle discontinuity on the stresses in the beltline region of the shell must be assessed. This paper will show that historical interpretation of the code is correct and a fatigue analysis of the vessel shell adjacent to these instrument nozzles is unnecessary. The industry experience with instrument nozzle leakages is typically related to the quality of manufacturing as suggested by J.H. Gross. Fabrication and inspection range quality relative to FSRF is ke = 10 for poor and ke < 5 for good quality. This approach appears to correlate well with this consideration and industry experience. This paper will also demonstrate the use of fabrication travelers and/or inspection information that can be used to determine an appropriate FSRF to assess the relative health of these and other components.