Combustion performance of the premixed and diffusion burners with used lubricating oil and used cooking oil as fuel

This work investigated combustion performance of the premixed and diffusion burners by measuring flame temperature and gas emissions with used lubricating oil (ULO) and used cooking oil (UCO). Air–fuel ratio (AFR) is an important parameter to investigate combustion performance. Flame temperatures and gas emissions of the burners were examined to know the combustion behavior. The results found were that the flame temperatures in the premixed burner were higher than the diffusion burner at all the AFRs. The maximum flame temperature was obtained at AFR = 16 at all types of burners and fuel blending ratios. The highest flame temperature was [Formula: see text], which occurred when using 100% ULO with premixed burner at AFR = 16. By adding UCO into ULO, the flame temperatures can be decreased. The premixed burner produced 86.67% and 71.23% less CO and HC emissions, respectively, than the diffusion burner, in contrast, the premixed burner formed 26.31% and 54.7% higher [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] emissions, respectively, than the diffusion burner.

Burners for Rotary Furnace - Proposal and Comparison

In the paper are presented the possibility of using axial and radial diffusion burner in rotary furnace. Both types of burners allow secondary air combustion, combustion quality measure is the ratio of primary and secondary flame. Experimental comparison of both types of burners has been performed with the high-revolution rotary furnace. On this basis, benefits have been identified and their use possibilities.

25 Years of BBC/ABB/Alstom Lean Premix Combustion Technologies

The paper will show the development of lean premix combustion technologies in BBC, ABB, and Alstom gas turbines. Different technologies have been developed and applied in Brown Boveri Company (BBC) before 1990. Considerable improvements with respect to NOx emissions as compared to gas turbines with a single combustor and a single diffusion burner for liquid and gaseous fuel have been achieved with burners with extended premixing sections and with multi-injection burners for annular combustors. Between 1990 and 2005, burners with short but effective premixing zones (EV burners: environmentally friendly V-shaped burners) have been implemented in all new gas turbines of the ABB (and later Alstom) fleet with NOx levels well below 25 vppmd (@15% O2). In addition to this, three variants of premix technologies have been successfully developed and deployed into Alstom GT engines: the sequential EV burners—a technology that allows premixing of natural gas and oil into a hot exhaust stream to reheat the exhaust gases of a first high-pressure turbine; the MBtu EV burners that are used to burn syngas in a premix flame with low NOx emissions; and the advanced EV burners (AEV) that are capable to prevaporize and premix liquid fuel prior to combustion and burn it with very low NOx emissions without water injection. The paper will give an overview of these technologies and their usage in Alstom gas turbines over the last 25years.

Forced Low-Frequency Spray Characteristics of a Generic Airblast Swirl Diffusion Burner

The low-frequency response of the spray from a generic airblast diffusion burner with a design typical of an engine system has been investigated as part of an experimental study to describe the combustion oscillations of aeroengine combustors called rumble. The atomization process was separated from the complex instability mechanism of rumble by using sinusoidal forcing of the air mass flow rate without combustion. Pressure drop across the burner and the velocity on the burner exit were found to follow the steady Bernoulli equation. Phase-locked particle image velocimetry measurements of the forced velocity field of the burner show quasisteady behavior of the air flow field. The phase-locked spray characteristics were measured for different fuel flow rates. Here again quasi-steady behavior of the atomization process was observed. With combustion, the phase-locked Mie-scattering intensity of the spray cone was found to follow the spray behavior measured in the noncombusting tests. These findings lead to the conclusion that the unsteady droplet Sauter mean diameter mean and amplitude of the airblast atomizer can be calculated using the steady-state atomization correlations with the unsteady burner air velocity.

Development of Low-NOx DME Multi-Ports Burner

This study focuses on fundamental characteristics of DME combustion, aiming at the development of low-NOx multi-ports burner. Multi-ports burner consists of a fuel-port and surrounding multi-air-ports. The strong re-circulation flow is formed by the small air jets, thus the short flames form a cluster on every burner unit so that the thermal NOx generation is significantly suppressed to a very low level. The NOx emission of the DME from the co-axial diffusion burner was over 130ppm beyond the level of the other fuels. On the other hand; NOx emission of DME from the newly advanced multi-ports burner was reduced to 60ppm at 0% O2. With the help of the low-NOx combustion system, referred to as the tube-nested combustion, NOx emission of DME was further reduced to 20ppm at 0% O2.

25 Years of BBC/ABB/Alstom Lean Premix Combustion Technologies

The paper will show the development of lean premix combustion technologies in BBC, ABB and Alstom gas turbines. Different technologies have been developed and applied in Brown Boveri Company (BBC) before 1990. Considerable improvements with respect to NOx emissions as compared to gas turbines with a single combustor and a single diffusion burner for liquid and gaseous fuel have been achieved with burners with extended premixing sections and with multi injection burners for annular combustors. Between 1990 and 2005 burners with short but effective premixing zones (EV burners: environmental friendly V-shaped burners) have been implemented in all new gas turbines of the ABB (and later Alstom) fleet with NOx levels well below 25 vppmd (@15%O2). In addition to this, three variants of premix technologies have been successfully developed and deployed into Alstom GT engines: the sequential EV burners — a technology that allows premixing of natural gas and oil into a hot exhaust stream to reheat the exhaust gases of a first high pressure turbine; the MBtu EV burners that are used to burn syngas in a premix flame with low NOx emissions; and the advanced EV burners (AEV) that are capable to prevaporize and premix liquid fuel prior to combustion and burn it with very low NOx emissions without water injection. The paper will give an overview of these technologies and their usage in Alstom gas turbines over the last 25 years.