Determinants of Crop Diversification in Bangladesh: An Econometric Analysis

This study aims to investigate the factors that influence household behaviour in cultivating the diversified crops on their cultivable land in Bangladesh. Cragg’s alternative tobit model has been applied to a unique rural household level dataset to find the catalysts of crop diversification. The results obtained portrayed a mixed impression of crop diversification in the country. The estimated results have revealed that the male head of household, the accessibility of information, a greater number of farming parcels and the availability of hired labour seem to govern the decision of a farming household to participate in non-rice crop production, while factors such as the total amount of land, agricultural extension service and irrigation facilities influence rice cultivation. Moreover, the findings obtained from the same Cragg’s alternative tobit model estimation for the Aman, Boro and Aus seasons have also revealed a similar depiction of crop diversification in Bangladesh.

Calculation and Influencing Factors of the Operating Efficiency of Chinese Airports under High-Quality Development

Based on the cross-sectional data of 40 large-scale international airports in China in 2019, this paper introduced natural and social factors into the calculation of airport operating efficiency and constructed a BCC-SFA-BCC-Tobit 4-stage analysis framework. Combining with the connotation of the “green, smart, humane, and safe” airport high-quality development, the paper applied the Tobit model to quantitatively analyze the influencing factors of the operating efficiency of airports, and the research shows that (1) the overall operating efficiency of the study airports is 0.734; in terms of the region, the operating efficiency of airports located in southwest and northwest regions is greatly affected by natural factors, while the operating efficiency of airports located in North China is mostly affected by social factors. (2) Under the perspective of human-earth relationship, the impact of natural factors on the operating efficiency of airports is greater than that of social factors, wherein PM2.5 and relative humidity have negative impact, while the actual foreign capital utilization of the city and domestic and foreign tourists have positive impact. (3) The regression results of the Tobit model indicate that green, smart, and safe indicators can promote the high-quality development of airports, while the humane indicator restrains the high-quality development of airports.

Determinants of stadium attendance in Italian Serie A: New evidence based on fan expectations

This article aims to analyse the impact of the main determinants of match-day stadium attendance for seven seasons—2012–13 to 2018–19—of the Italian football Serie A. The main element of novelty is that the dataset is split into three sub-categories based on the pre-season fans’ expectations to verify whether the impact of attendance determinants varies depending on teams’ expected performance. Our results—based on Tobit model regressions—identify some significant differences across the three subsets. However, the difference that seems to be the most significant revealed a common preference of Italian fans towards higher quality opponents.

Big Data Analysis of e-Commerce Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors of Agricultural Products in China

At present, the e-commerce industry of agricultural products plays a pivotal role in promoting income growth and helping rural revitalization. This paper collected relevant data in the recent 8 years (2012 to 2019) and used the DEA model and Tobit model to analyze the correlation degree between the efficiency and various influencing factors in China. DEA analysis results show that, in recent years, three efficiencies are quite different: the comprehensive efficiency and scale efficiency show an upward trend, while the pure technical efficiency remains at a high level. Tobit model results show that the number of urban Internet users, rural Internet users, logistics practitioners, the development of national economy are negatively correlated with e-commerce efficiency; the length of traffic construction has no significant correlation; the level of agricultural mechanization has a significant positive correlation. Hence, the paper puts forward four suggestions.

Determinants of Banks Profitability: Case of Vietnam Listed Commercial Banks

The authors aim at investigating factors impacting the profitability of Vietnamese Listed Commercial Banks during the period of 2011–2020. Through the Panel Tobit model, the study figured out that the CIR (Cost to Income) has the inverse relationship with the profitability while LDR (Loans to Deposits) positively correlates to the profitability. Based on findings, some recommendations were proposed to enhance the profitability of Vietnamese Commercial Banks in the future.

Comparison Between Nelson-Olson Method and Two-Stage Limited Dependent Variables (2SLDV ) Method for the Estimation of a Simultaneous Equations System (Tobit Model)

This study relates to the estimation of a simultaneous equations system for the Tobit model where the dependent variables ( ) are limited, and this will affect the method to choose the good estimator. So, we will use new estimations methods different from the classical methods, which if used in such a case, will produce biased and inconsistent estimators which is (Nelson-Olson) method and Two- Stage limited dependent variables(2SLDV) method to get of estimators that hold characteristics the good estimator . That is , parameters will be estimated for the limited variables and find the variance-covariance matrix for extracted estimators by the aforementioned two methods and then compare between the results of the two methods and find any better method by estimation and then finding the estimation efficiency, and this is what the study aims to . A simultaneous equations system will be imposed for the limited model defined by two equations containing two endogenous variables one of complete observations and the other censored at zero. The two methods were used to analyze the relationship between income and family expenditure on durable consumer goods , where the results showed that the performance of (Nelson-Olson) method is better than performing the Two-Stage limited dependent variables (2SLDV) method in obtain the lower values and all comparison measures as well as the results showed that income and expenditure one affects the other and the and the price affects the income and expenditure