Determinants of Crop Diversification in Bangladesh: An Econometric Analysis

2022 ◽  
pp. 245513332110697
Author(s):  
Abul Kalam Azad
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Tobit Model ◽  
Model Estimation ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Agricultural Extension Service ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Male Head ◽  
Cultivable Land

This study aims to investigate the factors that influence household behaviour in cultivating the diversified crops on their cultivable land in Bangladesh. Cragg’s alternative tobit model has been applied to a unique rural household level dataset to find the catalysts of crop diversification. The results obtained portrayed a mixed impression of crop diversification in the country. The estimated results have revealed that the male head of household, the accessibility of information, a greater number of farming parcels and the availability of hired labour seem to govern the decision of a farming household to participate in non-rice crop production, while factors such as the total amount of land, agricultural extension service and irrigation facilities influence rice cultivation. Moreover, the findings obtained from the same Cragg’s alternative tobit model estimation for the Aman, Boro and Aus seasons have also revealed a similar depiction of crop diversification in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Smallholder Crop Diversification: A Case Study of Manicaland and Masvingo Provinces in Zimbabwe

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lighton Dube
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Tobit Model ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
Extension Support

<p>This study analyzes the degree of crop diversification and factors associated with crop diversification among 479 smallholder farmers in Manicaland and Masvingo provinces of Zimbabwe. The Herfindahl index used to estimate diversification, while the Tobit model evaluated factors associated with crop diversification.  The mean crop diversity index is 0.54. On average households in Nyanga and Bikita are the most diversified with indices of 0.48 and 0.49 respectively. The most specialized households are in Mutasa and Chiredzi with indices of 0.62. An analysis by gender shows that male headed households are slightly more diversified than female headed households. The Tobit model indicates that gender of head of household, education, number of livestock units, access to irrigation, membership to a farmers group, access to markets, farming experience, farms on flat terrain, farmer to farm extension, routine extension, agro-ecological zone and household income are significant contributors to increasing crop diversification. In turn, crop specialization is significantly associated with off-farm employment, soil fertility, farmers who are happy with extension contacts per year, farmers trained using the farmer field school approach and farmers who receive NGO extension support.</p>

The Effects of Agricultural Extension Service on Farm Productivity: Evidence from Mbale District in Uganda

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeyoung Lee ◽  
Donghwan An ◽  
Taeyoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Selection Effect ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Input Selection ◽  
Agricultural Extension Service ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Extension System

This study estimates the effects of agricultural extension on agricultural productivity in the rural area of Uganda, i.e. Mbale district. The results show that agricultural extension service in Mbale district has a significantly positive impact on bean and rice production, gross farm revenue, and profit except for maize output. It presents several contributions of agricultural extension in Mbale district. First, both worker and allocative effects on bean and rice significantly contribute to agricultural performance, implying that both effects are crucial in this region. Second, extension service for each product shows positive effects through the allocative effect rather than worker effect. Specifically, the input-selection effect is found to be a more influential contributor than input-allocation effect in this area. Overall, the findings support the hypothesis of this paper that extension increases not only farmers&rsquo; direct output, also allocative ability in crop production. The results from the three function approaches lead us to the implication that local government, development project planners or stakeholders who deliver extension in Mbale district should increase investment on public extension system for more effective extension work in order to achieve long-term goals in terms of rural development in this region.

scholarly journals Constraints of Adoption of Agricultural Extension Package Technologies on Sorghum Crop Production at Smallholder Farm Household Level: Evidence from West Hararghe Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Muhammed Shako ◽  
Adunea Dinku ◽  
Waktola Mosisa
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
High Price ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Smallholder Farm ◽  
Extension Package

An effective and efficient agricultural extension system can enhance the agricultural productivity and production of smallholders through the development of innovative, systematic, and farmer-owned agricultural extensions. This study identified major constraints of adoption of agricultural extension package technologies such as adoption of inorganic and organic fertilizers, improved seeds, row planting, and crop protection chemicals at smallholder household level on sorghum crop production. The study used cross-sectional survey data collected from 201 sample respondent household farmers. To analyze data, descriptive statistics, ranking indexes, graphs, and tables were used. The study identified the major constraints of agricultural extension package technologies. High price, problem of on-time provision, shortage and uneven distribution of rainfall, and problem of accessibility were the major constraints that hinder the use of inorganic fertilizer. Using sources of organic fertilizer for other purposes, insufficient availability, undeveloped infrastructure, and facilities and requirement of more labor were the major constraints to the use of organic fertilizer.

scholarly journals CROP DIVERSIFICATION IS ONE OF THE REFERENTIAL PATTERNS FOR ENHANCED CROP PRODUCTION: A SECONDARY STUDY ON PURBA & PASCHIM MEDINIPUR DISTRICT IN WEST BENGAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 32-47
Author(s):  
Kajalbaran Jana
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Crop Diversity ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Cultivable Land ◽  
Secondary Study

Crop diversification is a planned innovative approach to maximize land usage with optimum crop production to aim at minimizes losses of seasonal and other impacts on crop. India being one of the biggest countries of agricultural economy and West Bengal, although tiny in size, is one of the biggest producers of few agricultural produces like rice, potato, oil seed etc. Within West Bengal, undivided retained a significant role in agricultural produce. After division of the district in to &amp; during 2000, most of the cultivable land is within . has some pocket areas that has good reputation of cultivation. The Crop diversification is the need for the hour for small cultivable area. In this particular scenario, this study has tried to focus on the state of crop diversification in the district with a comparative study on district because of its history of its erstwhile geographical tie up. At the same time, it has also attempted to find out the effect of crop diversification on crop production. In this particular aspect this study has focused on the condition of this particular aspect on undivided district also. It has found that crop diversification on the basis of principal food crop in district has significantly positive relationship with production but has insignificant negative relationship in between crop diversity of rice with its production. In undivided there has been positive relationship between crop diversity and crop production in both principal food crops and rice. This has attracted to conclusive remark that division of district has impaired the scope of crop diversification of district but it has sufficient space to improve it as the relationship has indicated positive direction to that end although negative direction in rice crop would be matter further research.

Micro and Macro-level Analysis of Crop Diversification: Evidence from an Agrarian State West Bengal

2020 ◽  
pp. 489-499
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Structure Questionnaire ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
The Status ◽  
Block Level ◽  
Diversified Farming Systems

The farming system in West Bengal is being shifted by integration between the set of cash crops and the main food harvest process. This change in diversified farming systems, where smallholders have a production base in rice can complement production; affect technical efficiency and farm performance. The goal of this study was to investigate the status of crop diversification on smallholders in West Bengal. First, crop diversification regions were developed in West Bengal based on the Herfindahl index, which were categorized into three regions. Three sample districts were studied separately at the block level, and 915 small farmers from 41 sample villages of 9 sample blocks were interviewed through a good structure questionnaire for field studies from the sample districts. West Bengal was gradually moving towards multiple crop production. Furthermore, increasing rice production reduced the marginal use of inputs for the production of other crops. Farming and other vital factors such as HYVs area to GCA, average holding size and per capita income in some districts of West Bengal can be identified as determinants of crop diversification.

The Traffic in Hierarchy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ward Keeler
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
The World ◽  
Male Head ◽  
Relative Status ◽  
Trans Women

Looking at Buddhist monasteries as social institutions, this book integrates a thorough description of one such monastery with a wide-ranging study of Burmese social relations, both religious and lay, looking particularly at the matter of gender. Hierarchical assumptions inform all such relations, and higher status implies a person’s greater autonomy. A monk is particularly idealized because he exemplifies the Buddhist ideal of “detachment” and so autonomy. A male head of household represents another masculine ideal, if a somewhat less prestigious one. He enjoys greater autonomy than other members of the household yet remains entangled in the world. Women and trans women are thought to be more invested in attachment than autonomy and are expected to subordinate themselves to men and monks as a result. But everyone must concern themselves with the matter of relative status in all of their interactions. This makes face-to-face encounter fraught. Several chapters detail the ways that individuals try to stave off the risks that interaction necessarily entails. One stratagem is to subordinate oneself to nodes of power, but this runs counter to efforts to demonstrate one’s autonomy. Another is to foster detachment, most dramatically in the practice of meditation.

scholarly journals Decoupling livestock and crop production at the household level in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuqin Jin ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Bi Wu ◽  
Dongmei Han ◽  
Yu Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Household Level

scholarly journals Development and testing of a quantitative food frequency questionnaire for use in Kerala, India

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R Hebert ◽  
Prakash C Gupta ◽  
Ramesh B Bhonsle ◽  
PR Murti ◽  
Hemali Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Male Head ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Study Population

AbstractObjective:To develop and test a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for use in rural areas of Kerala, India.Design:Based on food use and market surveys of the study area, a quantitative 81-item interviewer-administered FFQ was developed. A validation study was conducted consisting of 24-h diet recalls (24HR) administered on 8 days randomly selected over an entire year and two administrations of the FFQ, one at the beginning of the l-year period and the other at the end. FFQ and 24HR-derived nutrient scores were compared using correlation and regression analyses and by examining differences in the nutrient scores.Setting:Rural villages in Ernakulum district, Kerala, South India.Subjects:In each of 30 households, the male head of household and female food preparer were enrolled.Results:Pearson (parametric) correlation coefficients (rp) averaged about 0.50 in comparing nutrient scores derived from the 24HR with those from the first FFQ and about 0.55 in comparing the second FFQ. On average, Spearman correlation coefficients (rs) were slightly lower than the rp in comparing the scores derived from the first FFQ, but virtually identical for the second FFQ. Regression analyses indicated better agreement in the comparison of the 24HR-derived scores with the first FFQ than the second FFQ. Difference scores, however, tended to be larger in comparing the first FFQ scores with the 24HR.Conclusions:This FFQ produces results broadly comparable to those used in Europe and North America, indicating its suitability for comparing exposures within a study population in reference to health-related endpoints.

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