Investigation of athlete high school students' moral decision-making attitudes in terms of sport variables

Background: Sports activities are performed in accordance with moral values and principles. The purpose of this research is to examine the decision-making attitudes of young sports students based on age, gender, license status, and sports branch type. Material and Methods: The "Moral Decision-Making Scale in Youth Sports" developed to evaluate the moral decision-making attitudes of young athletes was used as a data collection tool in this research. A five-point Likert scale was used to evaluate the scale items. Results: The athletes' views regarding moral decision-making attitudes were found to be for the Acceptance of Cheating dimension for the Acceptance of Gamesmanship dimension; and for the Keep Winning in Proportion dimension. It was determined that there was a significant difference in the student athletes' moral decision-making attitudes depending on gender, the type of sports played and being a certified athlete. Conclusions: Sports fields are the places where young athletes exhibit their skills and abilities in competitions. In these competitions, it should be emphasized to young athletes that respecting the values of the sport and following the rules is more important than winning and that they should stay away from negative behaviors such as cheating or gamesmanship.

Clinical Application of Doppler Ultrasound Imaging Technology in Thumb Reconstruction

Objective: In order to increase the survival rate of clinical thumb reconstruction, the Doppler ultrasound (DU) imaging technology based on the minimum variance adaptive beamforming (MV) algorithm is applied to the preoperative examination of thumb reconstruction. Method: 75 patients who needed thumb reconstruction were divided into 40 study group and 35 traditional group. Before operation, color Doppler ultrasound was used to examine saphenous vein, radial artery in the receiving area, dorsalis pedis artery and cephalic vein in the donor area to determine whether there was abnormality. In addition, the branch type of toe web and the Gilbert type of the first dorsal metatarsal artery were examined and confirmed. Through ultrasound examination, the operation plan was determined. In the traditional group, through doctor's pen Doppler auscultation or touch feeling, the great saphenous vein-dorsalis pedis vein-dorsal metatarsal veins-dorsal digital veins of foot was dissected in the traditional way without ultrasonic examination. The MV algorithm was used to process the ultrasonic image. Results: The ultrasonic image processed by MV algorithm is clearer and higher quality. There is no absence of dorsalis pedis artery in the contralateral donor area in 75 patients. There is no vascular crisis in the study group and one patient in the traditional group. The average operation time in the Gilbert III study group is 90 minutes, compared with 135 minutes in the traditional group. There is no walking pain of donor foot in the study group after Gilbert III operation, and there are three walking pain in the traditional group. Conclusion: The MV algorithm can be used in thumb reconstruction. It can detect the branch type of toe web and the Gilbert type of the first dorsal metatarsal artery. On this basis, the operation plan can be determined, which can reduce the blindness of the operation, shorten the operation time, increase the survival rate of the reconstructed thumb, and reduce the incidence of complications of the donor foot.

(Mis-)matching type-B anomalies on the Higgs branch

Building on [1], we uncover new properties of type-B conformal anomalies for Coulomb-branch operators in continuous families of 4D $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 SCFTs. We study a large class of such anomalies on the Higgs branch, where conformal symmetry is spontaneously broken, and compare them with their counterpart in the CFT phase. In Lagrangian the- ories, the non-perturbative matching of the anomalies can be determined with a weak coupling Feynman diagram computation involving massive multi-loop banana integrals. We extract the part corresponding to the anomalies of interest. Our calculations support the general conjecture that the Coulomb-branch type-B conformal anomalies always match on the Higgs branch when the IR Coulomb-branch chiral ring is empty. In the opposite case, there are anomalies that do not match. An intriguing implication of the mismatch is the existence of a second covariantly constant metric on the conformal manifold (other than the Zamolodchikov metric), which imposes previously unknown restrictions on its holonomy group.

Comparing basal dendrite branches in human and mouse hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons with Bayesian networks

Pyramidal neurons are the most common cell type in the cerebral cortex. Understanding how they differ between species is a key challenge in neuroscience. A recent study provided a unique set of human and mouse pyramidal neurons of the CA1 region of the hippocampus, and used it to compare the morphology of apical and basal dendritic branches of the two species. The study found inter-species differences in the magnitude of the morphometrics and similarities regarding their variation with respect to morphological determinants such as branch type and branch order. We use the same data set to perform additional comparisons of basal dendrites. In order to isolate the heterogeneity due to intrinsic differences between species from the heterogeneity due to differences in morphological determinants, we fit multivariate models over the morphometrics and the determinants. In particular, we use conditional linear Gaussian Bayesian networks, which provide a concise graphical representation of the independencies and correlations among the variables. We also extend the previous study by considering additional morphometrics and by formally testing whether a morphometric increases or decreases with the distance from the soma. This study introduces a multivariate methodology for inter-species comparison of morphology.

EUS is superior to secretin-enhanced cholangio-MRI to establish the etiology of idiopathic acute pancreatitis

Background and study aims The etiology of idiopathic acute pancreatitis (IAP) should always be defined. Our aim was to compare the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) versus secretin-enhanced magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (S-MRCP) in patients with IAP. Patients and Methods Patients admitted to a single tertiary care University hospital with IAP were invited to participate in the study. Enrolled patients underwent EUS and S-MRCP in a single-blinded comparative study. EUS and S-MRCP were performed no sooner than 4 weeks after discharge. The diagnostic yield of EUS and S-MRCP and demographic variables were included in the analysis. Additional follow-up, results of subsequent serology, radiographic exams, and relevant histological analysis were considered in determination of the final diagnosis. Results A total of 34 patients were enrolled; EUS was normal in six, cholelithiasis was defined in 15, choledocholithiasis in two, pancreas divisum in three, branch-type intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMT) in three, and chronic pancreatitis in five. S-MRCP identified choledocholithiasis in one, divisum in four, branch-type IPMT in three, chronic pancreatitis in two; 24 subjects diagnosed as normal by S-MRCP. Diagnostic correlation between EUS and S-MRCP was slight (kappa = 0.236, 95 % confidence interval: 0.055–0.416). EUS provided a statistically significantly higher diagnostic yield than S-MRCP: 79.4 % (CI95 %: 65 %–94 %) vs 29.4 % (CI95 %: 13 %–46 %) (P = 0.0002). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of EUS and S-MRCP were 90 %, 80 %, 96 %, 57 % and 33 %, 100 %, 100 % and 16 %, respectively. Conclusion The diagnostic yield of EUS is higher than S-MRCP in patients with IAP.

Comparing basal dendrite branches in human and mouse hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons with Bayesian networks

ABSTRACTPyramidal neurons are the most common cell type in the cerebral cortex. Understanding how they differ between species is a key challenge in neuroscience. A recent study provided a unique set of human and mouse pyramidal neurons of the CA1 region of the hippocampus, and used it to compare the morphology of apical and basal dendritic branches of the two species. The study found inter-species differences in the magnitude of the morphometrics and similarities regarding their variation with respect to morphological determinants such as branch type and branch order. We use the same data set to perform additional comparisons of basal dendrites. In order to isolate the heterogeneity due to intrinsic differences between species from the heterogeneity due to differences in morphological determinants, we fit multivariate models over the morphometrics and the determinants. In particular, we use conditional linear Gaussian Bayesian networks, which provide a concise graphical representation of the independencies and correlations among the variables. We also extend the previous study by considering additional morphometrics and by formally testing test whether a morphometric increases or decreases with the distance from the soma. This study introduces a multivariate methodology for inter-species comparison of morphology.