Small wind turbines study and integration in a peri-urban microgrid

The use of wind resources has always gone hand in hand with high wind speeds in open fields. This paper develops the decisions to be taken for the selection, installation, and connection of small wind turbines in peri-urban environments, where wind speeds are medium or low. The guidelines are detailed throughout the document, starting with the study of the wind resource, the selection of the turbine, installation, and real-time monitoring of production for integration into a micro power grid. The installation of small wind systems in places as close as possible to the point of demand makes it possible to achieve a reduction in the cost of the electricity bill. This is thanks to the instantaneous control of generation and demand at a particular level through the installation of software, in this case, Home Assistant. The novelty of this paper is the use of this software Home Assistant to integrate of a small wind turbine in a microgrid and its control system.

Civil Servants Recruitment Process in Kosovo

In this study, we will analyze the instantaneous control in the recruitment of civil servants in the Republic of Kosovo. The purpose of the study is to achieve knowledge of the object of study, ie how the procedure of recruitment of civil servants is carried out, which procedures should be implemented until the establishment of employment in the civil service of Kosovo and which bodies are competent to control the legality of administrative acts of state administration bodies in the field of recruitment and establishment of employment of civil servants. Specifically the detailed aspects of the facility, ie how the recruitment is performed, how a labor relationship is established in the civil service of Kosovo, and how the control is applied internal versus the legality of administrative acts of public administration bodies in the field of recruitment of civil servants and by whom. The result of this study is the achievement with the knowledge of the object of study. In this study to achieve or not to confirm the hypotheses raised, we have used descriptive and statistical methods. Primary data are taken from the annual reports of the Ministry of Public Administration on the state of the civil service, the work reports of the Independent Oversight Board for Civil Service, literature, legal acts, and general normative acts governing the field of recruitment in civil service. The conclusion of this study is that the staffs in the civil service are not accepted according to the principle of merit, that the state administration bodies largely respect the deadlines for the establishment of labor relations, that there is no instantaneous control in the field of recruitment of civil servants. Had the proper influence on the heads of state administration institutions to recruit civil servants on the basis of merit.

PROBLEMS IN DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY-SAVING TRACTION DRIVE

The problems of traction properties increase in locomotives are considered. The necessity in devices for instantaneous control of a friction coefficient of wheels and rails based on the impact of electric current or a magnetic field upon a wheel/rail contact area. There are defined basic fields of researches essential for the actual realization of such devices. It is defined that devices based on electric current impact require the introduction of considerable changes in the units of a crew part for wheel pair insulation and searches of problem solution in the separation of traction current and control one and the prevention of control current impact upon alarm systems. It is offered to consider magnetic amplifiers of adhesion as a solution of a short-term outlook which can be introduced in an existing locomotive fleet and those using current impact as a solution of newly-developed promising machines. There is offered a design of an individual traction drive simplifying a problem in the arrangement of devices for instantaneous control of a friction coefficient.

MATTERS OF LOAD DECREASE IN TRACTION DRIVE UNITS AT BOXING

The purpose of this work consists in the development of constructive solutions decreasing loads in the units of the electric locomotive traction drive at boxing. The investigations carried out in the field of electric locomotive operation on domestic railways have shown that one of the basic directions in the decrease of non-sprung masses consists in the introduction of an elastic tie between a wheel pair and a drive motor armature. The improvement mentioned results in the considerable load increase in the traction drive at friction self-oscillations arising in the mode of wheel slip on a rail. The analysis, carried out in the work, of methods to reduce similar dynamic loads has shown that approaches efficient enough are: - shock vibro-damping of wheel pair self-oscillations, - limitation of wheel slip rate on a rail with the control of friction factor by means of the impact upon a contact area of electric and magnetic fields, - changes of elastic-dissipative properties of dynamic systems in an electric locomotive running gear to control self-oscillation fashions. To realize measures described there are offered constructive solutions limiting self-oscillation amplitudes in a boxing mode. In particular the system of instantaneous control with clutch amplifies based on the application of magnetic inductor in the form of a mounted unit upon a crew section of an electric locomotive. For realization of the method for the process control of the competition of self-oscillation fashions there is offered a design of the device changing forcibly a fashion of growing self-oscillations at the expense of the control of elastic-dissipative properties of dynamic system links in the traction drive. The innovation solutions developed are protected with the patent for invention, two patents for utility model.

EFFECTS OF FUEL TEMPERATURE-SHAPING FUNCTIONS ON XENON OSCILLATIONS

In coupled multiphysics simulations, single pin-averaged values are typically used to describe the temperature, power, and burnup within a given fuel pin. However, since xenon oscillations are largely driven by fuel temperatures, radially dependent quantities have been implemented in the Virtual Environment for Reactor Applications. These radial-shaping functions are based on Zernike polynomial expansions and allow information to pass effectively between codes with differing spatial meshes. This work examines the effects of radial fuel temperature-shaping functions on the behavior of axial xenon oscillations. A test problem was developed from full-core, multi-cycle depletions using as-built fuel data. The center 25 assemblies of the full-core case were used to test the radial-shaping function by inducing an axial xenon oscillation using an instantaneous control rod movement. The test case was run with and without the radial shapes, and each component was also run individually. Including the shaping functions significantly impacted the xenon oscillations for this problem; the magnitude and period of the oscillations were altered, and large pin power and soluble boron differences were observed. Testing each component individually showed that the radial fuel temperature-shaping function had the largest effect.

A dynamic, imperturbable link between midbrain activity and saccade velocity

We make a saccadic eye movement once every few hundred milliseconds; however, the neural control of saccade execution is not fully understood. Dynamic, moment-by-moment variations in saccade velocity are typically thought to be controlled by neurons in the lower, but not the upper regions of the brainstem. In a recent report, Smalianchuk et al. (Smalianchuk I, Jagadisan UK, Gandhi NJ. J Neurosci 38: 10156–10167, 2018) provided strong evidence for a role of the superior colliculus, a midbrain structure, in the instantaneous control of saccade velocity, suggesting the revision of long-standing models of oculomotor control.

Optimal Control of Virus Spread under Different Conditions of Resources Limitations

The paper addresses the problem of human virus spread reduction when the resources for the control actions are somehow limited. This kind of problem can be successfully solved in the framework of the optimal control theory, where the best solution, which minimizes a cost function while satisfying input constraints, can be provided. The problem is formulated in this contest for the case of the HIV/AIDS virus, making use of a model that considers two classes of susceptible subjects, the wise people and the people with incautious behaviours, and three classes of infected, the ones still not aware of their status, the pre-AIDS patients and the AIDS ones; the control actions are represented by an information campaign, to reduce the category of subjects with unwise behaviour, a test campaign, to reduce the number of subjects not aware of having the virus, and the medication on patients with a positive diagnosis. The cost function considered aims at reducing patients with positive diagnosis using as less resources as possible. Four different types of resources bounds are considered, divided into two classes: limitations on the instantaneous control and fixed total budgets. The optimal solutions are numerically computed, and the results of simulations performed are illustrated and compared to put in evidence the different behaviours of the control actions.