diesel production
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifang Chen ◽  
Jin-An Wang ◽  
Natali de la Fuente Maldonado ◽  
Sinong Zhou ◽  
Peng Jiang ◽  
...  

The oxidative desulfurization (ODS) has been become an important technical route for the production of ultralow sulfur fuel. This work focused on the deep understanding the roles of structural defects,...


Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2258
Author(s):  
Karolína Dlasková Jaklová ◽  
Lucie Šindelářová ◽  
Jan Kohout ◽  
Ivana Hradecká ◽  
Nikita Sharkov ◽  
...  

Owing to the increased use of secondary materials for diesel production, refineries must confront bad quality parameters. Therefore, catalysts with certain capabilities (to remove heteroatoms and improve quality parameters at low hydrogen consumption) and their lifetimes are required. An important parameter that influences the quality of the products and the economy of the unit is the activity of the catalyst. Prior to industrial use, the catalyst is typically tested in a pilot unit. This is necessary to obtain a considerable amount of data on the lifetime of the catalyst in the shortest feasible time. Here, deactivation steps were used to test the catalyst. Two experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of two types of accelerated deactivations on the catalyst activity and product properties. The first type of deactivation proceeded for 6 h and comprised a tripling of the amount of incoming feedstock, and the second type proceeded for 18 h without an increase in the amount of feedstock. For both cases, the pressure and hydrogen flow were minimised. Both types of accelerated deactivations had similar effects on the quality of the final products and catalyst. The only difference was in the duration of catalyst recovery after deactivation. The results were compared with those of a test in which the spontaneous deactivation of the catalyst was studied.


2021 ◽  
Vol 927 (1) ◽  
pp. 012036
Author(s):  
F S H Simanjuntak ◽  
G H A Wijaya ◽  
Z S Saldi ◽  
A A Dwiatmoko

Abstract Green Diesel (diesel-like hydrocarbon) can be produced from biomass resources that contain fatty acids, such as palm fruit, palm kernel, and soybean, through deoxygenation reaction. In this study, the catalytic activity of cobalt catalyst supported on activated biochar in deoxygenation of fatty acid (stearic acid) is investigated. Stearic acid is used as a model compound of vegetable oil. The obtained results show cobalt supported on activated biochar exhibited higher catalytic activity compared to cobalt supported on unactivated biochar.


Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 133246
Author(s):  
Chaitanya Kumar Reddy Pocha ◽  
Shir Reen Chia ◽  
Wen Yi Chia ◽  
Apurav Krishna Koyande ◽  
Saifuddin Nomanbhay ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Nur Azreena ◽  
H.L.N. Lau ◽  
N. Asikin-Mijan ◽  
M.A. Hassan ◽  
S. Mohd Izham ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Nitchakul Hongloi ◽  
Paweena Prapainainar ◽  
Tanapong Muadmai ◽  
Jade Namboonlue ◽  
Anusorn Seubsai ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shir Reen Chia ◽  
Saifuddin Nomanbhay ◽  
Mei Yin Ong ◽  
Kit Wayne Chew ◽  
Kuan Shiong Khoo ◽  
...  

Renewable diesel as a potential sustainable energy source in future requires catalysts to convert the feedstocks into end products. Among various type of catalysts, bimetallic catalysts are widely applied in the renewable diesel production due to their unique catalytic properties and enhanced catalytic activities, which differ from their parent monometallic catalysts. This mini review comprised of the brief introduction on technologies in producing renewable diesel and aims to discuss the underneath knowledge of synergistic interactions in bimetallic catalysts that synthesized through various techniques. The novelty of this review reveals the recent development of renewable diesel production, highlighting the mechanisms of bimetallic catalysts in the enhancement of the catalytic activity, and exploring their possibilities as practical solution in industrial production.


Author(s):  
Athar Mahmood ◽  
Masood Iqbal Awan ◽  
Sana Sadaf ◽  
Ahmed Mukhtar ◽  
Xiukang Wang ◽  
...  

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1088
Author(s):  
Brenda Fernanda Honorato de Oliveira ◽  
Luiz Ferreira de França ◽  
Nádia Cristina Fernandes Corrêa ◽  
Nielson Fernando da Paixão Ribeiro ◽  
Mauricio Velasquez

The reactions to produce liquid biofuels from a palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) under hydrogen absence were carried out using 10 wt% NiO/zeolite (Ni/Zeo), 10 wt% Co3O4/zeolite (Co/Zeo), and 10 wt% (NiO + Co3O4)/zeolite (NiCo/Zeo) as catalysts. The zeolite was synthesized by a thermal and chemical treatment from natural clay, obtaining a zeolite A and sodalite mixture. Catalytic activity was evaluated as a function of reaction temperature (250, 300, and 350 °C) during 0.5 h and using 5 wt% of catalyst. The reaction products were classified as organic liquid products (OLPs), gaseous products, and solid waste. The OLPs fractions were separated by fractional distillation, and the products were identified and quantified using gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer detector (GC-MS). The results showed yields to OLPs above 50% for all catalysts and temperatures. However, the highest yield to OLPs of 67.9% was reached with a NiCoZeo catalyst at 300 °C. In this reaction, a higher yield to hydrocarbons was obtained (84.8%), indicating a cooperative effect between Ni and Co in the catalyst. Hydrocarbons such as heptadecane (C17H36), pentadecane (C15H26), and other alkanes-alkenes with lower carbon chains were the main products. Therefore, deoxygenation of PFAD using a low-cost Ni-Co catalyst was shown to be an economic and viable way to produce diesel-type biofuels.


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