Environmental Monitoring at and around the Matuail Landfill Site of Dhaka City using Remote Sensing

Rapid urban population growth and flourishing incomes have increased waste production in Dhaka city. A part of daily produced Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is disposed of at Matuail sanitary landfill located within Jatrabari Thana, Dhaka. This study has analyzed the environmental impacts at and around this landfill using remote sensing techniques. The objective of this research is to develop a means of environmental monitoring at the landfill site and its surroundings through the implementation of various time-series remote sensing indices e.g., Land Surface Temperature (LST), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), and Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI). LST is used to observe the Spatio-temporal pattern of temperature distribution. NDVI, SAVI, and MSAVI are the Bio-indicators and they are helpful to analyze the vegetation health condition at and around the landfill area. From the result of LST, it is observed that the average temperature of the Jatrabarithana has increased from 23.12℃ in 1993 to an optimum temperature of 35.20℃ in 2013, then it went down to 29.09℃ in 2018. The NDVI result for the study period shows that the percentages of ‘Bare Soil’ and ‘Structural Object’ have increased drastically from 10% to 41.20% and 13.30% to 31.52% respectively for these 25 years in Jatrabarithana. On the other hand, the percentages of ‘Shrub and Grassland’ and ‘Moderate Vegetation’ have decreased from 54.20% to 25.15% and 12.55% to 0% respectively. SAVI and MSAVI also show evidence of increasing the amount of bare soil and structural object and decreasing the amount of vegetation. Due to the waste stabilization process, and inappropriate management system at the Matuail landfill, along with urbanization, industrial activity, and deforestation, a harmful effect has been done to the surrounding environment. As an outcome, the temperature has risen rapidly and the amount of vegetation has declined to a significant extent. Journal of Engineering Science 12(3), 2021, 127-138

STUDY OF THE TRANSITION PROCESS OF OPERATION IN THE CONTACT INTERACTION OF THE ROTARY KILN AND THE SUPPORT ROLLERS IN ANSYSMECHANICAL

At first glance, a rotary kiln is a simple structural object, which is very widespread in the industry of processing and obtaining materials, both for construction and for other purposes. However, behind the external simplicity, there are complex chemical processes, mechanical, subtleties of the control system, the technology of manufacturing large-sized parts that are part of the general assembly and directly issues related to the design and modernization stage. The study of various regularities of mechanical processes associated with the theory of elasticity, kinematics and contact interactions is difficult even separately, especially when the processes run together. Studying the contact interaction of the kiln with roller supports allows to see the anomalous effects that can occur if the design is incorrect. In a specific case, it is necessary to observe how, under the action of external forces, time-varying deformations, displacements, of individual structural elements occur, which are of key functional importance in the operation of the equipment, in conditions of contact interaction of its individual parts, taking into account inertial loads and damping. The study of transition processes with changing force factors in time will allow to obtain the response of the structure to external influences

Symmetry and Asymmetry of Syntactic Constructions as a Means of Increasing the Information Capacity of the Art Text

The linguistic object of research is the systemic ties of the plane of text content. The hypothesis of the research is as follows: the principle of repeatability of symmetric and asymmetric elements in the system of semantic and syntactic ties and the relations, demonstrates internal harmony of the text. The harmonious organization of the art text that transfers the esthetic intentions of the author is implemented in the principle of constructing the text as a structural object where the laws of symmetry come to power. Mathematical laws operating the nature provide the source of symmetry as a philosophical category, and the intuitive realization of this idea in the creative spirit of the artist serves as a source of symmetry in art. From numerous types of symmetry in the harmonious organization of the art text employed are figurative and mirror forms of symmetry. The asymmetric constructions, which are characterized by a significant lack of similar and commensurable syntactic patterns within one statement, can also act as a principle of the harmonious organization of the text. They promote the transfer of subjective esthetic information and increase the information capacity of the text. To expressive modifications of the syntactic constructions, functioning in complex syntactic unities (dicteme), belongs parceling structures constructed on the principle of asymmetry. Modeling of the composite structure, in which a certain sequence of structural types of the sentence is fixed, the system of their bonds and the logical relations reduce the entropy of a statement, objectivize the information of such structures and increase the informational capacity of the art text.

Multifractal Analysis of Microstructures after Laser Treatment of Steels

The superficial microstructure, received by laser processing, is characterized by a high density of defects of a crystal structure and incompleteness of thermal phase and structural transformations. The degree of a neravnovesnost of such a structure can be estimated by means of multifractal ranges. As a measure for calculation of multifractals, it is possible to use any quantitative structural index, in particular, the area of microstructural objects, their perimeter and density of borders. The most informative is density of borders, which considers the area and perimeter of structural object. Microstructures of stainless steel 12kh18n10t in an initial state, after laser processing and a local laser alloying by hard-alloy powder from BK8 were investigated. Calculations of complex indicators of the structural organization of material, which showed, are executed on the basis of the multifratalnykh of ranges, that laser processing leads to, increase of orderliness and frequency. It indicates high degree of a neravnovesnost with which increase hardening increases.

MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE USE OF INFORMATION RESOURCES OF POLITICAL POWER

The article analyzes modern technologies of using information resources of political power in Russia. It is shown that this process faces certain difficulties, but is irreversible. The use of the concept of electronic management in the design of information and communication management environment is proposed. For this purpose, a structural-object approach is used. The formation and use of the information and communication environment will provide conditions for the collection, preservation, dissemination and integrated use of all types of information resources, and will increase the effectiveness of the activities of political authorities in this area.

Methods of reconstructing complex multi-structural anatomical objects with RP techniques

This article presents reconstruction methods applied to a (geometrically and physically) complex structural object with the use of RP and RT techniques. The methods are innovative due to their hybrid - multi-model and multi-material - approach to reconstruction, as well as the application of multiple technologies. An experimental analysis was conducted to verify the feasibility of rapid prototyping (RP) techniques in the reconstruction of complex internal structures using materials of diverse properties. Some RP techniques offer the possibility of discriminating between diverse objects through the use of different colours. Such models are well-suited for diagnostic purposes, for better visualisation of complex clinical problems, pathological alterations, etc. Nevertheless, they fail to fully reflect physical and mechanical properties of objects, which renders them useful in experimental analysis only to a limited extent. Their basic drawback is that they merely reflect geometrical features of the examined object. The methods discussed in the present article enable modelling multi-object structures in a single process based on the PolyJet Matrix technology and materials of different physical properties by means of a hybrid method. The article also describes the process of modelling complex anatomical structures of soft tissues and bones using models of the maxilla and the mandible as examples. The study is based on data acquired through standard computed tomography (CT). In addition, the article addresses selected aspects of CT acquisition, generation of numerical models composed of several anatomical structures (objects) and fabricating physical multi-object models.

Extension, Variability, and Normativity: Deniz Peters on Musical Experience

In his essay, “Musical Empathy, Emotional Co-Constitution, and the ‘Musical Other,’” Deniz Peters aims to present a non-reductive account of musical empathy in musical experience that takes seriously the contributions of bodily experience through what he terms “emotional co-constitution.”  I set Peters’ view in the context of what I call the Structural Object Model of musical experience and elaborate on some of the challenges Peters’ essay raises for both theoretical and empirical research on musical experience, concentrating on implications concerning ranges of cases covered by the theory, the variability of listeners’ experiences, the normativity of the theory, musical sophistication, and the cultural roots of musical experience.