I Am Woke

This praxis-based chapter explores advocacy in the English language teaching (ELT) field. The chapter introduces a new conceptualization of advocacy, the Critical Advocacy Framework, informed by Freire's critical consciousness (conscientização), Fanon's race (Black) consciousness, and Crenshaw's intersectionality paradigms. For critical advocacy praxis, this chapter integrates the “iron triangle” model from the American politics and public policy fields to highlight patron-client relationships between multilingual learners (MLs) advocates and stakeholders. This chapter highlights how the racially mixed author, a trained political scientist and newcomer to the ELT field, leveraged her Blackness, experiential and organizational knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) in a Machiavellian sense, to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) throughout a TESOL state affiliate. The chapter provides evidence-based practices and learning activities for MATESOL program administrators, pre-service, and in-service English teachers.

A state affiliate’s utilization of ASHP’s Practice Advancement Initiative 2030 to identify current state of practice and a process to prioritize goal achievement

Disclaimer In an effort to expedite the publication of articles related to the COVID-19 pandemic, AJHP is posting these manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. Purpose The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) has been a long-standing supporter of advancing pharmacy practice, specifically in the area of pharmacy practice models. In 2019, ASHP began the planning to launch PAI (Practice Advancement Initiative) 2030. PAI 2030 describes and details a bold vision for patient care, medication use, and pharmacy practice over the next decade. This work represents an ambitious goal to continue to advance the profession of pharmacy for the betterment of our patients. While much has been accomplished with the PAI, there is little literature on PAI 2030 (the authors are unaware of any published examples). Summary The purpose of the article is to explain a novel state affiliate’s prioritization of ASHP’s PAI 2030 recommendations. In the spring of 2020, the North Carolina Association of Pharmacists (NCAP), the North Carolina state affiliate of ASHP, began discussions around PAI 2030. In the fall of 2020, prior to the NCAP Annual Convention, health-system pharmacy leaders within NCAP developed a questionnaire to serve as a PAI 2030 self-assessment. This approach allowed a state affiliate to implement an innovative program to act on the recommendations from PAI 2030. After the prioritization, health-system pharmacy leaders engaged in discussion to comment on what recommendations have been identified. The goal of this discussion was to provide NCAP a direction to pursue focused efforts to support recommendations of PAI 2030. Ultimately, NCAP seeks that this statewide approach would help advance pharmacy practice, and improve pharmacy practice across the state of North Carolina in collaboration with NCAP. Conclusion This discussion illustrates how a state affiliate has pursued implementing PAI 2030. This approach provides a strategy for state affiliates in addressing the recommendations within PAI 2030. A novel statewide approach can help marshal resources to advance practice when health systems partner with a state affiliate.

Minerva H. Weinstein (1893-1982)

Dr. Minerva H. Weinstein (1893-1982), was the first woman licensed by examination to practice optometry in New York City and the fourth woman licensed in the State of New York. In 1915, Dr. Weinstein graduated from the American Institute of Optometry, becoming the third generation in her family to forge a career in applied optics. She began her practice at one of three family-owned optical shops in the Bronx, where she remained for more than 40 years, diligently serving the needs of her community’s most vulnerable members and tirelessly researching new techniques to improve care for the most difficult vision problems. During her career, she founded the Bronx County Optometric Society and organized the local Woman’s Auxiliary for the Bronx, Manhattan and Brooklyn, as well as the New York state affiliate of the national organization. She was a founding member of the Bronx County Optometric Service, the first free optometry clinic in New York, and went on to expand the service to two additional locations. She also participated in professional women’s organizations, charitable foundations and civic clubs, and represented optometry at community events. Dr. Weinstein’s narrative is unique, but in many ways her family’s story was typical of many immigrants arriving in the U.S. during the late-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries who were successful in improving their lot and passing on a professional legacy to the younger generation−and it is a story that is particularly common among optometry’s founders, and one that resonates in the first two decades of the twenty first century. The story of her career, and the personal details that serve as its backdrop, are also representative of the many challenges faced by the generation of professional women who helped establish the profession of optometry during the inter-war years. This biographical sketch, made possible through research in Minerva Weinstein Papers (MSS 501.4.11) held at the Archives & Museum of Optometry, sheds light on the tremendous debt optometry owes to its founding mothers and highlights the work that remains to complete the narrative of optometry history through new scholarship in hidden collections.

Registered Dietitians’ Perspectives and Practices on Complementary and Alternative Medicine (P07-005-19)

Objectives The popularity & use of Complementary & Alternative Medicine (CAM) practices has grown exponentially in the United States. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive assessment of RDs perspectives & practices on CAM. Methods A 36-item electronic survey was sent to all active & practicing members of a Midwestern state affiliate of the Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics (n = 985) to assess their training & practice on CAM. The survey was tested for face, content, & construct validity. Internal reliability analysis tests were conducted with the final sample of respondents. Results Three hundred & sixty-two RDs completed the survey. Majority were White (80%), females (95%), employed full time (65%), master's degree holders (58%), worked in community/clinical settings or private practice (54%), & reported no formal training on CAM (81%). Among those who received formal training on CAM, 54% mentioned undergraduate classes & continuing education as the major training sources. However, majority of the RDs (88%) reported informal training & their leading sources (making a total of 63%) for CAM information were scientific journals & books, peers & coworkers, internet & diet related websites. Level of knowledge, training, & counseling ability on three major components of CAM (i.e., supplements, functional foods, herbs & spices) were assessed & the vast majority (>75%) of the RDs rated their knowledge as “low”, training as “minimal”, & confidence in counseling clients on the three CAM components as “somewhat or not confident”. Regression analyses revealed that formal training was associated with greater knowledge & confidence in counseling on CAM. Despite the lack of training & confidence, the majority (>50%) of RDs advised a client to use CAM more than once in the last 6 months. Majority of the RDs (60%) identified dietitians & physicians as preferred instructors for CAM related training. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that RDs need more formal training, education & experience with CAM if they are to effectively counsel clients. Professional organizations such as the American Society of Nutrition & the Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics should provide guidance on dietetic curricular issues for training future graduates on CAM. Funding Sources None.

New terror groups may increase Egyptian insecurity

Subject Emergence of new terrorist groups. Significance As Egypt prepares for presidential elections in the first half of 2018, two additional militant groups add to an already-complex militant landscape, with rising security risks. Although Jund al-Islam’s re-emergence in the Sinai Peninsula could complicate military operations targeting the Islamic State affiliate, Wilayat Sinai, it is the new group known as Ansar al-Islam that poses the more significant threat. Impacts Ansar al-Islam’s presence in the Western Desert threatens a wide area stretching to the outskirts of Cairo and the Nile Valley. Rising salafi-jihadist groups could disrupt the upcoming presidential elections. Violence in the Sinai may spike as the Islamic State affiliate is presented with an al-Qaida-aligned rival. The Egyptian mainland, in particular the Western Desert, could become a key battleground for the new jihadists.

Energy interests will enhance Israel's regional ties

Subject Energy and security cooperation with Israel's neighbours. Significance Israel's alliances across the Middle East region have strengthened in recent months, despite a continued stalemate in the Israeli-Palestinian peace process. Facing similar threats and challenges, Israel and some of its Arab neighbours have discreetly developed a common security agenda and cooperated in its implementation. They have expanded economic ties, discussed energy cooperation and even begun to move from closed-door meetings towards more public diplomatic contacts. Impacts Israel will provide Egypt with intelligence in its fight against Ansar Bayt al-Maqdis, an Islamic State affiliate in the Sinai. Israel will begin supplying gas to Jordan from the Leviathan field after 2020. Deepening relationships with Israel could undermine the popular legitimacy of Arab governments. In the event of a Clinton presidency, the United States could launch a new Palestinian peace initiative, with the support of Arab allies.