product structure
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2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Sergey I. Galanin ◽  
Tatyana I. Zhirova

The features of design, construction and manufacturing technology of electroplated jewellery are considered. The classification of jewellery made by the method of electroforming, based on their areas of application, is presented. The technological features of the formation of the surface of products with a “posi-tive” and “negative” build-up of the deposited metal, ways of reducing the roughness of the deposited coat-ings with an increase in their thickness are considered. Methods of creating suspension and fastening ele-ments of the product structure are described. The main modern trends in the development of technology and design of products made by the method of electroforming are considered: the use of 3D technologies in the development and creation of models, the use of conductive polymer compositions for the manufacture of models, computerization of the technological process of forming metal deposits of precious alloys of a cer-tain carat and colour. Modern technological methods allow raising the level of electroplated jewellery de-sign to a new level.


Author(s):  
Maximilian Peter Dammann ◽  
Wolfgang Steger ◽  
Ralph Stelzer

Abstract Product visualization in AR/VR applications requires a largely manual process of data preparation. Previous publications focus on error-free triangulation or transformation of product structure data and display attributes for AR/VR applications. This paper focuses on the preparation of the required geometry data. In this context, a significant reduction in effort can be achieved through automation. The steps of geometry preparation are identified and examined concerning their automation potential. In addition, possible couplings of sub-steps are discussed. Based on these explanations, a structure for the geometry preparation process is proposed. With this structured preparation process, it becomes possible to consider the available computing power of the target platform during the geometry preparation. The number of objects to be rendered, the tessellation quality, and the level of detail can be controlled by the automated choice of transformation parameters. Through this approach, tedious preparation tasks and iterative performance optimization can be avoided in the future, which also simplifies the integration of AR/VR applications into product development and use. A software tool is presented in which partial steps of the automatic preparation are already implemented. After an analysis of the product structure of a CAD file, the transformation is executed for each component. Functions implemented so far allow, for example, the selection of assemblies and parts based on filter options, the transformation of geometries in batch mode, the removal of certain details, and the creation of UV maps. Flexibility, transformation quality, and timesavings are described and discussed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11757
Author(s):  
Jianqiang Zhou ◽  
Zhiwei Xie ◽  
Shedong Ren ◽  
Dongfen Ye ◽  
Min Zhan ◽  
...  

A conduction transformation-based coordination method for product structure optimization design was proposed for the conflict between satisfying product functional requirements and realizing adaptive modification. Customer functional requirements were analyzed hierarchically, the extension domains that indicated the matching degree between customer requirement and product function were delimited; and then a multi-layer function-behavior-structure (FBS) mapping model was established. Product function-structure correlation analysis was carried out in two dimensions, i.e., “structure-structure”, and “structure-function”; a product structure behavior function (SBF) reverse conduction model was constructed based on FBS decomposition model; thus, to realize reverse conduction from structure layer to function layer. For conflict coordination in structure modification, extension transformation operations were created, the conduction transformation trigger unit was extracted, and the trigger condition was also clarified; thus, the coordination strategy for the contradiction in adaptive design could be generated by conducting active and conduction transformations. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of this method were verified with the structure optimization design of a delivery system of cutting machine as an example; and the discussion section emphasized that this proposed method used conduction transformation to address design conflict, instead of generating the optimal change propagation path, and how to obtain innovation inspiration.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzat Ergun ◽  
Qianyu Hao ◽  
Andrew Neitzke ◽  
Fei Yan

Abstract It is known that some theories of class S are actually factorized into multiple decoupled nontrivial four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 theories. We propose a way of constructing examples of this phenomenon using the physics of half-BPS surface defects, and check that it works in one simple example: it correctly reproduces a known realization of two copies of $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 superconformal SU(2) QCD, describing this factorized theory as a class S theory of type A3 on a five-punctured sphere with a twist line. Separately, we also present explicit checks that the Coulomb branch of a putative factorized class S theory has the expected product structure, in two examples.


Author(s):  
Mohamad Syafiqe Abdul Rahim ◽  
Ahmad Hidayat Buang

In developing and structuring an Islamic banking product, one of the areas that should be addressed is to mitigate risk that includes default risk. Financial institutions will always be exposed to the risk of default by customers. This is faced by Islamic banks as well when granting financing facilities to customers irrespective of the underlying Shariah contracts that apply to the product structure. In order to mitigate such risk, bank normally will impose late payment charges if the instalment amount is not received by the payment due date. In addition to the normal late payment charges, banks may also impose default rate on customers who have defaulted within certain period. As such, this study analysed the practice of charging default rate in Islamic home financing product involving sale- and lease-based contracts. This qualitative study adopted the explanatory methodology as the main method of data collection from relevant documents, such as Shariah-related regulatory policies, Shariah resolution issued by Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM), decided court cases, and Islamic bank product documentation related to the practice of charging default rate. Next, secondary data from journal articles and other published sources, including Shariah literature relevant to this study, were deployed to analyse the said issue. Evidently, several Islamic banks in Malaysia seem to impose default rate in their product structure. Such practice may not be consistent with the spirit of Shariah and Islamic finance if the purpose is to gain more income while the customers face financial issues. This study prescribes Shariah scholars and regulator to re-evaluate the current regulatory policies and product structure to ensure that they embrace the spirit of Shariah, apart from protecting consumers from heightened financial burden.


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