Construction of Ecological Environment Information System Based on Big Data: A Case Study on Dongting Lake Ecological Area

With the rapid development of cloud computing, Internet of Things, and other technologies, the information technology trend led by “big data” has an impact on all fields. The application of big data technology in the field of ecological environmental protection enables accurate and comprehensive ecological information collection, data analysis, and mining, accurate ecological problem identification, and effective solution. Taking Dongting Lake Ecological Area as an example, this paper constructs an ecological environment information system based on big data and expounds its specific application in water, atmosphere, soil environment monitoring, and pollution control, aiming to provide a reference for the application of big data technology in the field of ecological environment protection in Dongting Lake Ecological Area and more effectively maintain the ecological environmental quality and safety in the area.

Complexity, Entropy, Singularity

Entropy always increases monotonically in a closed system but complexity increases at first and then decreases as equilibrium is approached. Commonsense information-related definitions for entropy and complexity demonstrate that complexity behaves like the time derivative of entropy, which is proposed here as a new definition for complexity. A 20-year old study had attempted to quantify complexity (in arbitrary units) for the entire universe in terms of 28 milestones, breaks in historical perspective, and had concluded that complexity will soon begin decreasing. That conclusion is now corroborated by other researchers. In addition, the exponential runaway technology trend advocated by supporters of the singularity hypothesis—which was in part based on the trend of the very 28 milestones mentioned above—would have anticipated five new such milestones by now, but none have been observed. The conclusions of the 20-year old study remain valid: we have passed the maximum of complexity and we should expect the next two milestones at around 2033 and 2078.

A STUDY ON TECHNOLOGY TREND OF CAMERA BY USING FI CODE IN JAPANESE PATENT

In development of technology and product, it’s important to make decisions based on technology trend. Some previous studies obtained technology trend based on patent information. In our previous study, we tried to investigate the state of innovation and the emergence of dominant design by using patent information. We analyzed inkjet printers and NC machines with theme codes and F term codes in Japanese patent classification codes. In this study, we tried to know the change of technology of other products other than inkjet printers or NC machines by using patent information. The target product of this study is camera. Camera products changed its key technology of imaging and recording from analogue film to digital imaging sensor and semiconductor memories. We attempted to obtain this change by using patent information.

Bentuk Keterdedahan Risiko Fatwa di Malaysia: Analisis Sorotan Literatur

Nowadays, there are many new issues arises in Malaysia which related to Islamic affairs especially in the matter of fatwa. Therefore, the role of fatwa which acts as an important reference institution for Muslims was expected to ensure the religious survival that was stipulated in the constitution will always be relevant and suitable throughout the era. The reinforcement and the development of fatwa must be parallel with the demand of era whereby the aspect of technology, trend and also current value will always be considered collectively. Currently, the main essential area of the fatwa is the establishment of the management area especially fatwa risk management as one of the important and relevant aspects. The question is, does the fatwa exposed to risk? What type of fatwa risk that has been discussed in the literature related to fatwa? What is the type of fatwa risk faced by Malaysia, specifically? This paper will answer the questions through the textual analysis of the literature review. Firstly, this paper will analyze the literature that discussed the fatwa risk. Secondly, this paper also will summarize the type of fatwa risks. Abstrak Mutakhir ini, pelbagai isu baru seringkali timbul melibatkan urusan hal ehwal Islam khususnya hal kefatwaan. Ini menjadikan peranan fatwa sebagai institusi rujukan penting umat Islam sangat diharapkan demi memastikan survival agama yang termaktub dalam perlembagaan sentiasa relevan dan sesuai sepanjang zaman. Pengukuhan dan pembangunan fatwa perlu seiring tuntutan zaman di mana aspek-aspek berupa teknologi, trend dan nilai-nilai semasa sentiasa diberi perhatian bersama. Salah satu keperluan semasa terutama bidang pemfatwaan ini adalah dengan menjadikan aspek pengurusan khususnya pengurusan risiko fatwa sebagai salah satu aspek yang penting dan sentiasa relevan. Persoalannya adakah fatwa itu terdedah kepada risiko? Apakah bentuk-bentuk risiko yang telah dibincangkan dalam karya-karya berkaitan fatwa? Bagaimana bentuk risiko fatwa yang dihadapi Malaysia khususnya? Kertas ini akan cuba menjawab kedua-dua persoalan ini menerusi analisis tekstual terhadap beberapa literatur. Pertama, menganalisis karya-karya yang membincangkan mengenai risiko fatwa. Kedua, merumuskan bentuk-bentuk yang terdapat dalam risiko fatwa.