Environmental resilience and physical structure of Bazian City

The ability of an organism or system to restore form and position elastically following a disturbance or interruption of any type is the true meaning of resilience. How often does the term “resilience” appear in regional or metropolitan contexts to allude to a local socio-economic system’s ability to rebound from a shock or disruption? Resilience can be characterized in a variety of ways. Another term is buffer capacity, which refers to a system’s ability to absorb disturbances and the quantity of disturbance before the system’s structure is altered by modifying the variables and processes that influence behavior. The study concludes that industrial activities affect the city in general and the city’s environment in particular through the pollutants caused by these activities. In order to develop planning solutions to address any change in the city under the concept of environmental resilience, the researchers paid attention to this aspect, which provides treatments, solutions, and suggestions in order to preserve the city from crises and Industrial activities that negatively affect the environment of the city, that the city of Bazian contains industrial factories for the manufacture of cement and bricks because it is rich in raw materials. Of the importance of industrial activities that contribute to the production of an economic resource for the region, but there are deficiencies in the ecological systems that maintain the direct impact of these industries on the environment, the insufficiency of regulations and legislation within the framework of industrial determinants.

Striatal dopamine explains novelty-induced behavioral dynamics and individual variability in threat prediction

Animals exhibit diverse behavioral responses, such as exploration and avoidance, to novel cues in the environment. However, it remains unclear how dopamine neuron-related novelty responses influence behavior. Here, we characterized dynamics of novelty exploration using multi-point tracking (DeepLabCut) and behavioral segmentation (MoSeq). Novelty elicits a characteristic sequence of behavior, starting with investigatory approach and culminating in object engagement or avoidance. Dopamine in the tail of striatum (TS) suppresses engagement, and dopamine responses were predictive of individual variability in behavior. Behavioral dynamics and individual variability were explained by a novel reinforcement learning (RL) model of threat prediction, in which behavior arises from a novelty-induced initial threat prediction (akin to shaping bonus), and a threat prediction that is learned through dopamine-mediated threat prediction errors. These results uncover an algorithmic similarity between reward- and threat-related dopamine sub-systems.

Effects of Nature Values and Regulatory Fit of Message Framing on Message Evaluation and Actual Pro-Environmental Donations

Messages are often tailored to individual differences, as fit is believed to influence behavior. We examine the effects of regulatory fit (i.e., matching promotion/prevention message framing to people’s promotion/prevention orientation) and the priority that individuals attribute to nature values, on the evaluation of climate change messages and donations to pro-environmental charities. We measured participants’ ( n = 570) regulatory focus on ensuring positive outcomes (promotion) versus avoiding negative outcomes (prevention), and nature values. Participants evaluated a promotion- or prevention-framed text (highlighting ensuring the welfare of the environment or avoiding its destruction) and were then invited to donate part of their remuneration to pro-environmental or other charities. Participants who prioritized nature values evaluated the promotion-framed text more favorably the stronger their promotion focus was, but only endorsement of nature values predicted donations. This highlights the importance of measuring actual pro-environmental behavior, as positive message evaluations did not result in donations.

The Influence Strategies of Interviewees Suspected of Controlling or Coercive Behavior

This research examines how suspects attempt to influence interviewers during investigative interviews. Twenty-nine interview transcripts with suspects accused of controlling or coercive behavior within intimate relationships were submitted to a thematic analysis to build a taxonomy of influence behavior. The analysis classified 18 unique suspect behaviors: the most common behaviors were using logical arguments (17% of all observed behaviors), denial or denigration of the victim (12%), denial or minimization of injury (8%), complete denials (7%), and supplication (6%). Suspects’ influence behaviors were mapped along two dimensions: power, ranging from low (behaviors used to alleviate investigative pressure) to high (behaviors used to assert authority), and interpersonal alignment, ranging from instrumental (behaviors that relate directly to evidence) to relational (behaviors used to bias interviewer perceptions of people and evidence). Proximity analysis was used to examine co-occurrence of influence behaviors. This analysis highlighted combinations of influence behaviors that illustrate how different behaviors map onto different motives, for example shifting attributions from internal to external to the suspect, or to use admissions strategically alongside denials to mitigate more serious aspects of an allegation. Our findings draw together current theory to provide a framework for understanding suspect influence behaviors in interviews.

Impact of Internet of Things (IoT) as Persuasive Technology

The Internet of Things (IoT) adds a new dimension to how people and things can communicate and collaborate. Society and the Internet are now being interconnected tightly and purposely. The research aims to analyze how IoT as a persuasive technology can affect human behavior and increase the awareness and effectiveness of IoT products among users. How will the Internet of Things infrastructure facilitate humans to change their attitudes and behaviors towards specific routine work? Our objective is to analyze which factors influence the acceptance and rejection of particular behaviors and the core motivators that persuade people to do something or to avoid something. We aim to determine whether IoT will facilitate humans to change their focused behaviors or not. Because of the rapid convergence of digital and physical worlds and the advent of digital technology, the Internet and social media have opened up a new world of affordances, constraints, and information flows from a design perspective. This article discusses how digital architecture affects behavior and the ramifications for designers who want to influence behavior for social and environmental good. In this paper we aim to give a brief introduction to persuasive technology, especially as it pertains to human adoption of IoT technology. We discuss a number of current research opportunities in IoT gadgets and their adoptions [1]. Our results indicate that persuasive (IoT) infrastructure can be expected to achieve a change of driving behaviour among their adopters. Furthermore, attention should be paid to an appropriate selection and implementation of persuasive strategies.

Exercise as a Peripheral Circadian Clock Resynchronizer in Vascular and Skeletal Muscle Aging

Aging is characterized by several progressive physiological changes, including changes in the circadian rhythm. Circadian rhythms influence behavior, physiology, and metabolic processes in order to maintain homeostasis; they also influence the function of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and immune cells in the vessel wall. A clock misalignment could favor vascular damage and indirectly also affect skeletal muscle function. In this review, we focus on the dysregulation of circadian rhythm due to aging and its relationship with skeletal muscle changes and vascular health as possible risk factors for the development of sarcopenia, as well as the role of physical exercise as a potential modulator of these processes.

Options to design more ethical and still successful default nudges: a review and recommendations

On the one hand, default nudges are proven to strongly influence behavior. On the other hand, a number of consumer autonomy and welfare concerns have been raised that hinder public policy applications. Both nudge success and ethical concerns depend heavily on the design of defaults. We identify six taxonomic characteristics that matter to the ethical and the nudge success dimension. We review the default nudge literature (N = 61) and review ethical studies to assess both dimensions concerning the taxonomy. When designing a default, a choice architect inevitably makes a decision concerning the characteristics. Among others, the results show three main findings. (1) The initial choice architecture regularly imposes welfare losses and impedes consumer autonomy. Forced active choosing can mitigate both issues. (2) Empirical evidence suggests that transparent defaults are similarly effective as the non-transparent counterparts. (3) The framing of the choice in combination with a choice structuring default leads to greater nudge success and tends to involve the reflective decision-making patterns. Choice architects can trade-off nudge success for legitimacy but a design change may also benefit one without harming the other. We discuss further options of choice architects to legitimize a default.